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Eals Lesson 2 Student's

The Earth consists of four interconnected subsystems - the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere - across whose boundaries matter and energy flow. The El Niño phenomenon starts with unusual warming of the central Pacific Ocean and weakening of trade winds, resulting from interaction between the ocean and atmosphere. Earth receives energy from the sun and returns some to space, with the biosphere playing an important role in carbon and oxygen cycles through photosynthesis.

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Mai Sasa
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149 views15 pages

Eals Lesson 2 Student's

The Earth consists of four interconnected subsystems - the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere - across whose boundaries matter and energy flow. The El Niño phenomenon starts with unusual warming of the central Pacific Ocean and weakening of trade winds, resulting from interaction between the ocean and atmosphere. Earth receives energy from the sun and returns some to space, with the biosphere playing an important role in carbon and oxygen cycles through photosynthesis.

Uploaded by

Mai Sasa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EARTH

SUBSYSTEMS
Lesson 2
Earth and Life Science
Engr. Mai Sasa
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

Explain that the Earth consists of four subsystems, across


whose boundaries matter and energy flow
The El Niño phenomenon starts with the unusual warming of the central Pacific Ocean
accompanied by the weakening of the trade winds. The warming of the central Pacific
Ocean results to an eastward shift of the low pressure area (away from

MOTIVATION
the Indo Pacific). El Niño is not limited to atmospheric conditions. It is the result of
ocean (hydrosphere)-
A set of interconnected components that are
interacting to form a unified whole.

The earth is a closed system. It receives energy


from the sun and returns some of this energy
to space.
SOLAR ENERGY

LITHOSPHERE HYDROSPHERE

BIOSPHERE

ATMOSPHERE
ATMOSPHERE
• The atmosphere is the thin gaseous layer
that envelopes the lithosphere.
• The present atmosphere is composed of
78% nitrogen (N), 21% oxygen (O2), 0.9%
argon, and trace amount of other gases.
• One of the most important processes by
which the heat on the Earth's surface is
redistributed is through atmospheric
circulation.
• There is also a constant exchange of heat
and moisture between the atmosphere
and the hydrosphere through the
hydrologic cycle.
LITHOSPHERE
• The lithosphere includes the rocks of the
crust and mantle, the metallic liquid outer
core, and the solid metallic inner core.
• Plate Tectonics is an important process
shaping the surface of the Earth.
• The primary driving mechanism is the
Earth's internal heat, such as that in mantle
convection.
BIOSPHERE
• The biosphere is the set of all life forms on
Earth.
• It covers all ecosystems
• For the majority of life on Earth, the base
of the food chain comprises
photosynthetic organisms. During
photosynthesis, CO2 is sequestered from
the atmosphere, while oxygen is released
as a byproduct. The biosphere is a CO2
sink, and therefore, an important part of
the carbon cycle.
HYDROSPHERE
• About 70% of the Earth is covered with
liquid water (hydrosphere) and much of it is
in the form of ocean water.
• Only 3% of Earth's water is fresh: two-thirds
are in the form of ice, and the remaining
one-third is present in streams, lakes, and
groundwater.
• The oceans are important sinks for CO2
through direct exchange with the
atmosphere and indirectly through the
weathering of rocks.
• Heat is absorbed and redistributed on the
surface of the Earth through ocean
circulation.
1 Friedrich 2 Vladimir Vernadsky 3 James Lovelock & Lynn 4 Moustafa Chahine
Wilhelm Heinrich Margulis
Alexander von He popularized the He chaired the Earth
Humboldt They jointly developed the Systems Science Committee
term "biosphere”.
Gaia Hypothesis during established by the NASA
He considered the the 1970s. Advisory Council.
universe as one
interacting entity. Gaia Hypothesis says They published a ground
biosphere is a self- breaking report Earth
regulating system that is System Science: A Program
capable of controlling its For Global Change in 1988.
physical and chemical
environment.
ADDITIONAL REFERENCES:
(1) Earth Systems. http://serc.carleton.edu/earthlabs/climate/index.html
https://www.google.com.ph/webhp?sourceid=chromeinstant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=earth+systems
(2) Earth Systems. http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/outreach/lesson_plans/Teacher%20Background%20Information-
20The%20Major%20Earth%20Spheres.pdf
(3) Hydrologic Cycle. http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/outreach/lesson_plans/The%20Hydrologic%20Cycle.pdf
(4) El Niño Phenomenon.
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/obop/mlo/educationcenter/students/brochures%20and%20diagrams/noaa
%20publications/ El%20Nino%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf
(5) Video Daisy World Model. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cW4JTHz1aRg
Assignment:
Differentiate rocks and minerals
THANK YOU 

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