This strategy involves being short one call at a lower strike, long two calls at a middle strike, and short one call at a higher strike, all with the same expiration date. The maximum loss occurs if the underlying stock is at the middle strike at expiration. The maximum profit occurs if the stock is outside the wings at expiration. This strategy profits if the stock moves outside the wings by expiration.
This strategy involves being short one call at a lower strike, long two calls at a middle strike, and short one call at a higher strike, all with the same expiration date. The maximum loss occurs if the underlying stock is at the middle strike at expiration. The maximum profit occurs if the stock is outside the wings at expiration. This strategy profits if the stock moves outside the wings by expiration.
This strategy involves being short one call at a lower strike, long two calls at a middle strike, and short one call at a higher strike, all with the same expiration date. The maximum loss occurs if the underlying stock is at the middle strike at expiration. The maximum profit occurs if the stock is outside the wings at expiration. This strategy profits if the stock moves outside the wings by expiration.
This strategy involves being short one call at a lower strike, long two calls at a middle strike, and short one call at a higher strike, all with the same expiration date. The maximum loss occurs if the underlying stock is at the middle strike at expiration. The maximum profit occurs if the stock is outside the wings at expiration. This strategy profits if the stock moves outside the wings by expiration.
DESCRIPTION MAX LOSS A short call butterfly consists of two long calls at a middle strike and short one The maximum loss would occur should the underlying stock be at the middle call each at a lower and upper strike. The upper and lower strikes (wings) must strike at expiration. In that case, the short call with the lower strike would be in- both be equidistant from the middle strike (body), and all the options must have the-money and all the other options would expire worthless. The loss would be the same expiration date. the difference between the lower and middle strike (the wing and the body), less the premium received for initiating the position. OUTLOOK The strategy is hoping to capture a movement to outside of the wings at the MAX GAIN expiration of the options. The maximum profit would occur should the underlying stock be outside the wings at expiration. If the stock were below the lower strike all the options would SUMMARY expire worthless; if above the upper strike all the options would be exercised and This strategy tends to be successful if the underlying stock is outside the wings offset each other for a zero profit. In either case the investor would pocket the of the butterfly at expiration. premium received for initiating the position. MOTIVATION PROFIT/LOSS The investor is attempting to correctly predict an upcoming move in either The potential profit and loss are both very limited. In essence, a butterfly at direction, usually for a limited debit, if any. expiration has a minimum value of zero and a maximum value equal to the VARIATIONS distance between either wing and the body. An investor who sells a butterfly receives a premium somewhere between the minimum and maximum value, Short Call Butterfly and profits if the butterfly’s value moves toward the minimum as expiration Net Position approaches. + BREAKEVEN The strategy breaks even if at expiration the underlying stock is above the lower strike or below the upper strike by the amount of premium received to initiate 0 the position. 50 55 60 65 70 VOLATILITY An increase in implied volatility, all other things equal, will usually have a slightly - positive impact on this strategy. TIME DECAY The passage of time, all other things equal, will usually have a negative impact on EXEMPLE this strategy if the body of the butterfly is at-the-money, and a positive impact if Short 1 XYZ 65 call the body is away from the money. Long 2 XYZ 60 calls Short 1 XYZ 55 call ASSIGNMENT RISK The short calls that form the wings of the butterfly are subject to exercise MAXIMUN GAIN at any time, while the investor decides if and when to exercise the body. The Net premium received components of this position form an integral unit, and any early exercise could be extremely disruptive to the strategy. In general, since the cost of carry makes MAXIMUN LOSS it optimal to exercise a call option on the last day before expiration, this should High strike - middle strike - net premium received not pose a problem. But the investor should be wary of using this strategy where dividend situations or tax complications have the potential to intrude. The short call butterfly and short put butterfly, assuming the same strikes and And be aware, a situation where a stock is involved in a restructuring or expiration, will have the same payoff at expiration They may, however, vary in capitalization event, such as a merger, takeover, spin-off or special dividend, their likelihood of early exercise should the options go into-the-money or the could completely upset typical expectations regarding early exercise of options stock pay a dividend. on the stock. While they have similar risk/reward profiles, this strategy differs from the long iron butterfly in that a positive cash flow occurs up front, and any negative cash flow is uncertain and would occur somewhere in the future. EXPIRATION RISK RELATED POSITION This strategy has expiration risk. If at expiration the stock is trading right at either Comparable Position: Short Put Butterfly wing the investor faces uncertainty as to whether or not they will be assigned on Opposite Position: Long Call Butterfly that wing. If the stock is near the upper wing, the investor will be exercising their calls from the body and is fairly certain of being assigned on the lower wing, so the risk is that they are not assigned on the upper wing. If the stock is near the lower wing the investor risks being assigned at the lower wing. The real problem with the assignment uncertainty is the risk that the investor’s position when the market re-opens after expiration weekend is other than expected, thus subjecting the investor to events over the weekend.