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CVL 245
IIT DELHI
CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS.

( Lecture 3)
Cost Estimation

B. Bhattacharjee
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
IIT DELHI

B. Bhattacharjee
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, IIT DELHI

General Outline
™ Quantity take-off for foundation

™Quantity take off for concrete and

estimation of ingredients quantity

™Quantity estimates for brick work

™
™Quantity estimate for rebar

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Quantity take off

– Quantity take off from drawing is followed by
estimation of quantity of ingredients where
ever required.
– For example after the brick work quantity is
estimated, then one would need to know the
number of bricks and mortar volume/mass etc.
– Similarly once the volume of concrete quantity
is known, the mass of concrete is estimated to
estimate the quantity of cement etc.
– The quantity estimate for ingredients is
followed estimation of material cost and total
cost
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, IIT DELHI
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Typical Drawing (general plan)

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Section

Information needed for quantity of

earthwork: PCC Bed width, depth of the
foundation bottom from grade level.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, IIT DELHI

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Section
1.2m

Back fill: Finished level of the earth surface.

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Simple spread PCC footing

PCC =L×1.00×0.40. earthwork vol:L×1.8×1.00

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, IIT DELHI

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Tie beam and Footing

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Concrete columns with isolated footing & tie

beam

Volume of one footing=

1.5×1.5×(1.5-1.1)+
0.75×0.75×(1.0-0.70)=
Height 0.9m3 + 0.225m3=
1.125m3
shall be
Volume of 4 footings
Obtained = 4×1.125m3
from =4.5m3
reduced
level

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, IIT DELHI

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Concrete columns with isolated footing

& tie beam
Footing:
½ (Top area+
Bottom area)×
Height

Height shall be
obtained from
reduced level

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Non Structural Concrete & mortar

Non structural lean concrete is specified as
1:2:4 :: Cement: sand: aggregate.
May be even volumetric, measured in
boxes, but better is mass basis. For
volumetric measurement information on
bulk density would be needed to calculate
the quantity.
For mass basis unit weight of material shall be
known.
Mortar is specified as 1:3, or 1:6 etc.,:: Cement:
sand. Or, 1:x:y:: Cement : lime: sand.

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INGREDIENTS (CONCRETE)
WATER

CEMENT BINDER

CHEMICAL ADMIXTURE

MINERAL ADMIXTURE

B. Bhattacharjee
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, IIT DELHI

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CONCRETE: PARTICULATE SYSTEM

Mortar/Plaster
Smaller Coarse Aggregate does not
contain
Coarse Aggregate coarse
aggregate .
Sand

B. Bhattacharjee
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, IIT DELHI

Structural Concrete
Structural concrete is specified in terms of grade
such as M25, M40 etc. M stands for mix. 25, 30,
40 etc. represent a kind of strength.
Mix proportions are expressed as Cement
(C), fine aggregate (sand) (FAg), Coarse
Aggregate (CAg), Water (W) etc. in mass
/cubic meter 3
For example: it can be C=350kg/m ; FAg: 750
kg/m3 ; CAg= 1150kg/m3 ; W=160 kg/m3 ;
Unit weight of plain concrete unit weight can be
taken as 2400 kg/m3 . (350+750+1150+160=2410)
For reinforced cement concrete (RCC) unit
weight taken=2500 kg/m3
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Structural Concrete
For 4.5 cu m of concrete with proportions
C=350 kg/cum; W=160 kg/ cu m; FAg =750
kg/cu m & Cag=1150 kg/ cu m.
Cement quantity=4.5×350=1575 kg=1575/50 no
of bags=31.5 with 50kg/bag (not very good
practice and assume wastage near 5%, then 33
bags (bag is not a good practice compared to
bulk)
Form work (m2), rebar (kg/ton) cutting bending
and placing are other works associated with
RCC.
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13m
Brick work
5.1m
6m
0.6m
7.2m

Outer Dimensions
13m

11.8m 5.1m
Inner 6m
Dimensions
0.6m
7.2m

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Masonry: Introduction

Units
Mortar
Masonry is an assemblage
Joints
of masonry units properly
bonded with mortar

B. Bhattacharjee
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, IIT DELHI

Purpose of estimation at stages

Usually 12 -13 mm mortar thickness. Plaster

outside 12mm
Calculate net surface area of the wall (minus
window, door etc.

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Purpose of estimation at stages

12mm
Calculate the surface area of bricks as
positioned including mortar joint.
Brick size say 225×125×75 mm3
Surface area= (225+12)×(75+12)=?
Net area/ surface area of brick in row 1+ Net
area/ surface area of brick in row 2 … = Now
of brick required. Let say N
Brick estimated is N×1.5 or N×1.1 with 5-10%
wastage.

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Quantity of mortar

t=mortar thickness, W,L and H are brick

width, length and height
Mortar volume=1.25×N×Q(m); 25% extra as waste
More volume of mortar may be needed if gap
between the rows are also to be filled.
Unit weight of mortar × volume=mass, then
determine cement and sand quantity
accordingly.
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Reinforcement bars (Rebar)

Grades in India Fe 415, Fe500 etc.

ASTM grades 40(280 MPa)

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Bar Sizes
Linear
Nominal (no Cross-
Reinforcement steel bar
Metric mass
rib< actual ) sectional Grade 500 Class N (Normal
bar size density
diameter (mm) area (mm²) ductility)
(kg/m)
6,0 0.222 6 28.3 Nomi
Cross- Mass per
8,0 0.395 8 50.3 -nal
sectional metre
10,0 0.617 10 78.5 Diam
area (mm length,
12,0 0.888 12 113
-eter
sq) kg/m
(mm)
14,0 1.21 14 154
16,0 1.58 16 201 12 113 0.888
20,0 2.47 20 314 16 201 1.58
25,0 3.85 25 491 20 314 2.47
28,0 4.83 28 616 24 452 3.55
32,0 6.31 32 804 28 616 4.83
40,0 9.86 40 1257 32 804 6.31
50,0 15.4 50 1963
36 1020 7.99

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Rebar Quantity
12φ TMT @ 150mm c/c

Slab
Circular
column
No of Bars N=L/s+1
Length of bar l
Bar dia=φ
Weight=
mass/length×l×N Epoxy coated bars

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Rebar Quantity
12φ TMT @ 150mm c/c
10φ TMT
10φ TMT
125mmc/c Circular
2.5m

Column
Height 3.5m

32φ TMT
40 mm
clear Length of 10 mm bars 18m
cover = 18-2×cover depth d No of Bars N=L/s+1
d=25mm=0.025m N=18000/150+1=121
L=18.0-2×0.025=17.05m l=2.5-2cover (s) = 2.5-
0.04+0.025 =2.435
Mass=4×0.617×17.05
=42.1 kg Quantity=
Total=261.7+42.1 mass/length ×l × N
=303.8kg =0.888×121×2.435=261.7 kg

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Rebar Quantity (Beam Bar bending schedule)

No of Bars at bottom 2
nos 20φ
l=4000+2×228-
D 2×40+2×290 =4596mm

Quantity=
6
6
mass/length×l×N
=2.47×2×4.596 =24.48 kg

1 no 16 φ at the bottom bent at 45° as shown, 2 numbers of 10φ bars straight at

top. Stirrups 10φ bars at 180 mm spacing c/c for 4000 mm.

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Rebar Quantity (Bar bending schedule)

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Rebar Quantity (Bar bending schedule)

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Rebar Quantity (Bar bending schedule)

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Rebar Quantity (Bar bending schedule)

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Rebar Quantity (Bar bending schedule)

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THANK YOU
FOR HEARING

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