ASSIGNMENT

ON

Questionnaire Design
COURSE TITLE: BUSINESS RESEARCH METHOD

SUBMITTED TO
Mohammed Harisur Rahman Howlader
Associate professor
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT
UNIVERSITY OF CHITTAGONG

SUBMITTED BY

TILAK KARMAKAR
ID: 16302124
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT
UNIVERSITY OF CHITTAGONG

Date of Submission: 09/07/2020

BBA, 8th Semester
Session: 2015-16
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT
UNIVERSITY OF CHITTAGONG
Question no.01: Discuss the different types of questionnaires?
Answer: A questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions for the purpose
of gathering information from respondents. That can be carried out face to face, telephone,
computer, or post. In the following, some different types of questionnaire are discussed-

Open questions: Open questions that allow people to express what they think in their own words.
Open-ended questions enable the respondent to answer in much specific and detailed as they like
in their own words.

For example: Can you tell me what you know about quarantine? What should you do if you tested
positive for covid19?

a) ………………………
b) ………………………

List questions: A set of fixed-alternative questions that allow the respondent to provide multiple
answers for a given single question. The respondent answer through past experiences, knowledge,
preferences, and the like merely by checking the given items.

For example: What are the symptoms of Covid19? Identify with (√) mark.

Cough Fever

Fatigue Shortness of Breath

Dry Cough Tiredness

Rating questions: A rating question asks survey respondents to compare different items using a
common scale rating of 1-10, where 1 is not very important and 10 is very important or in some
cases agree-disagree. For example: Using a scale of 0= Not agree to 5= Highly agree. Please rate
the following aspect of the personality test.

Ranking questions: The Ranking question asks respondents to compare items to each other by
placing them in order of preference. Ranking questions are important when you need to rank
multiple items from best to worst. For example:

Category questions: A category question can contain individual questions or other question
categories where the interviewer listens to the respondents' answers and markdown as appropriate.

Quantity questions: A quantity questions can contain an amount, specific measure, or number
that will be a response of the respondent in a question. The answer to the question numeric form.
Example: What is your age? What is your year of birth?
Computer questionnaire: Respondents are asked to answer the questionnaire which is sent by
mail. The advantages of computer questionnaires include their inexpensive price, time efficiency,
and respondents do not feel pressured, therefore can answer when they have time, giving more
accurate answers. However, the main shortcoming of the mail questionnaires is that sometimes
respondents do not bother answering them and they can just ignore the questionnaire.

Telephone questionnaire: The researcher may choose to call potential respondents to get them to
answer the questionnaire. The advantage of the telephone questionnaire is that it can be completed
during a short amount of time. The main disadvantage of the phone questionnaire is that it is
expensive most of the time. Moreover, most people do not feel comfortable answering any
questions asked through the phone and it is difficult to get a sample group to answer questionnaires
over the phone.

In-house survey: This type of questionnaire involves the researcher visiting respondents in their
houses or workplaces. The advantage of an in-house survey is that more focus towards the
questions can be gained from respondents. However, in-house surveys also have a range of
disadvantages which include being time-consuming, more expensive and respondents may not
wish to have the researcher in their houses or workplaces for various reasons.

Mail Questionnaire: This sort of questionnaires involve the researcher to send the questionnaire
list to respondents through the post, often attaching a pre-paid envelope. Mail questionnaires have
the advantage of providing a more accurate answer because respondents can answer the
questionnaire in their spare time. The disadvantages associated with mail questionnaires include
them being expensive, time-consuming and sometimes they end up in the bin put by respondents.

Multiple choice questions: Respondents are offered a set of answers they have to choose from.
The downsizing of a questionnaire with multiple-choice questions is that, if there are too many
answers to choose from, it makes the questionnaire, confusing and boring, and discourages the
respondent to answer the questionnaire.

Dichotomous Questions: This type of question gives two options to respondents – yes or no, to
choose from. It is the easiest form of a questionnaire for the respondent in terms of responding to
it.

Question no. 02: What should be and should not be to make an effective
questionnaire?
Answer: Research experience has yielded some guidelines that help to identify what should do and
prevent what should not do when designing an effective questionnaire. Here are what should be
and should not be in a questionnaire :-
1. Avoid Complexities and should use simple conversational language:
The words used in the questionnaires should be readily understandable to all
respondents. The researchers have the difficult task of adopting lower educated people
language so they are a standard form of education that should be maintained. When
designing the questionnaire by the interviewer, there required a specific focus on
vocabulary that will be used should not confuse respondents.
2. Should avoid leading and loaded questions:
Leading and loaded questions are a major source of bias in question-wording. The
leading question provides a link of certain answers which creates a bias in the research
process. Loaded questions are questions that suggest socially desirable answers and
appeal emotional aspect in the questionnaire.
3. Avoid Ambiguity and should be as specific as possible:
Items on questionnaires often are ambiguous because they are too general. Consider
such indefinite words as often, occasionally, regularly, frequently, many, good, and
poor. An interviewer needs to understand how a question can be ambiguous and
interpreted differently by different individuals. While we might not be able to eliminate
ambiguity. But we can use words or descriptions that have universal meaning, replacing
terms with specific response categories, and defining the situation surrounding the
question, we can improve our business research questionnaires.

4. We should avoid Double-Barreled items:

Question covering several issues at a time is referred to as a double-barreled question
and should always be avoided.
Making the mistake of asking two questions rather than one is easy—for example, “Do
you feel our hospital emergency room waiting area is clean and comfortable?”.
5. Should avoid making assumptions:
The researchers should not place the respondent in that sort of bind by including an implicit
assumption in the question. Another frequent mistake is assuming that the respondent had
previously thought about an issue. For example, the following question appeared in a
survey concerning Jack-in-the-Box: “Do you think Jack-in-the-Box restaurants should
consider changing their name?” Respondents have not likely thought about this question
beforehand. Most respondents answered the question even though they had no prior
opinion concerning the name change. Research that induces people to express attitudes on
subjects they do not ordinarily think about is rather meaningless.
6. Should avoid burdensome questions that may tax the respondent’s memory:
A common fact of the human brain is that people forget. Researchers writing questions
about past behavior or events should recognize that certain questions may make serious
demands on the respondent’s memory. Writing questions about prior events requires a
conscientious attempt to minimize the problems associated with forgetting.
 Telescoping and squishing are two additional consequences of respondents' forgetting
the exact details of their behavior. The telescoping error occurs when respondents
believe that past events happened more recently than they did. The opposite effect,
squishing error, occurs when respondents think that recent events took place longer ago
than they did. A solution to this problem may be to refer to a specific memorable event.

Question no. 03: What are the ways of administering a questionnaire? Discuss.
Answer: There are two ways of administering the questionnaire. The two ways are listed and
discussed the following:-

Self-administered: A self-administered questionnaire (SAQ) refers to a questionnaire that has

been designed specifically to be completed by a respondent without the intervention of the
researchers collecting the data.

Such questions are administered electronically using the internet [Internet mediated
questionnaires] or intranet [Intranet-mediated questionnaires],

posted to respondents to return them by post after completion [postal or mail questionnaire],
or delivered by hand to each respondent and collected later [delivery and collection
questionnaire].
Response to interviewer-administered questionnaires is recorded by the interviewer based on
each respondent's answer. The questionnaire administered using the telephone is known as a
telephone questionnaire.

The final category, structured interviews refers to those questionnaires where interviewers
physically meet respondents ask questions face to face.
Question no. 4: Develop online-based survey tools using open questions,
category questions, rating questions, and ranking questions to measure the
"Factor affecting human behavior to follow the guideline during the pandemic
time."

Answer: Due to COVID-19, a pandemic time arise. Here is a survey tool that means
questionnaires for measuring this-

1. What is your age group? (Category)

>Below 18 > 18-30 > 31-45 > 46-60 > Above 60

2. What is your gender? (Category)

Male Female I Prefer not to say

3. What is your employment status? (Category)

o Employed

o Unemployed

o Student

o Retired

o Others

4. What is your educational qualification? (Category)

o Less than high

o High school degree

o College degree

o Bachelor’s degree o Master’s degree

o Doctorate

5. Where do you live? (Category)

[*] Rural area

[*] Urban area

6. Do you have children living at home with you?

[*] Yes

[*] No

7. How many people live in your household, including yourself? (open)

[*] I live alone

[*] I live with 1 or more persons

8. What social platform effect you most during the lockdown? (Category)

Facebook

YOUTUBE

Whatsapp

So on….

9. What the fact makes you feel stress most of the time during the pandemic? Identify
with (√) mark. (Category)
Career growth

Job

Financial freedom

Domestic dispute

10. Can you tell me what you know about quarantine? What should you do if you tested
positive for covid19? (open)

a) …………………………….
b) …………………………….

11. How would you rate your knowledge level on how to prevent the spread of the
novel coronavirus? (Rating)

Very poor Poor Considerable Good Very good

12. Does any of your family members tested COVID positive? (Category)

o Yes

o No

o Do not want to tell

13. Are you, or have you been, infected with the novel coronavirus? (Category)

[*] Yes, tested and the result was positive

[*] Yes, suspected but not confirmed by a test

[*] No, tested and the result was negative

[*] No

[*] Don't know

14. What should you do when you get infected with COVID19? Please number each
of the factors listed below in order of preference you will do. (Ranking)

Factors Preference

Stay home except to get medical care [x]

Separate yourself from other people [x]

Monitor your symptoms [x]

Clean your hands often [x]

Cover your coughs and sneezes [x]

Call ahead before visiting your doctor [x]

Avoid sharing personal household items [x]

Clean all "high-touch" surfaces every day [x]

15. Which answer is correct? (Category)

There is a drug to treat the novel coronavirus.

There is a vaccine for the novel coronavirus.

There is both a drug for the treatment and a vaccine for the novel coronavirus.
 There is currently no drug treatment or vaccine for the novel coronavirus.

Don’t know

16. What do you think about the government decision which has been taken to prevent
COVID-19? (Open)

a) …………………..

b) …………………………..

17. How do you see your future after COVID-19? (Open)

a) ………………………

b) ………………………..

18. Are you satisfied with the government's decision about COVID-19? (Rating)

Strongly agree Disagree Agree

Strongly disagree Neither disagree nor agree

19. I am exhausted for this lockdown situation. (Rating)

<> Strongly agree <> Agree <> Neither agree or disagree

<>Strongly disagree <>Disagree

20. Rank the following factors that you believe in need of removing COVID-19? (Ranking)

Awareness

Vaccine

Hygienic lifestyle