MOBILE POWER

Product Selector Guide

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Table of Contents

Introduction.............................................................3 Improve Boost Efficiency in Battery

Applications with Auto-Track................................................ 29
Power Management ICs (PMICs)............................3
Increase Battery Life with True Shutdown.......................... 30
High-Performance Smartphone PMIC ....................................4
High-Efficiency Buck-Boost Regulator.................................. 31
Single-Cell Power Supply for Wireless Hearables ................ 5
LED Drivers.......................................................... 34
Single-Cell Lithium-Ion Battery-Operated
Systems with Display..................................................................7 LED Driver Topologies..............................................................35

Single-Cell Power Management for Portable Music Transmissive LCD LED Backlight Driver...............................36
Players............................................................................................8
Single WLED Camera Flash Driver........................................37
Smart Power Selector Convenient Charging ........................9
LED Ambient Temperature Derating
Battery Chargers and Fuel Gauges.......................11 Protection...................................................................................38

Li+ Battery Charge Termination.............................................. 11 Dual-Phase Step-Up Converter and LED Driver.................39

Single-Cell Battery Charger for Handheld List of Figures....................................................... 41

Gaming Devices .................................................................. 12
Related Resources............................................... 43
Linear vs. Switch-Mode Charging ......................................... 12
Trademarks.......................................................... 43
Wireless Sensor Node Battery Charger.......................... 13

Single-Cell Digital Camera Battery Charger.................. 13 List of Tables

Integrated Battery Charger and Fuel Gauge........................ 14 Table 1. Power Management IC Product Selector............... 10

Single-Cell Wireless Speaker Charger and Fuel Gauge... 15 Table 2. Battery Charger Product Selector........................... 16

Fuel Gauges and the ModelGauge m5 Algorithm.............. 17 Table 3. Fuel Gauges with SHA-256 Authentication......... 19

Featured Technology: EZ Config...................................... 17 Table 4. ModelGauge Fuel Gauge Product Selector..........23

MAX17055 High-Accuracy Fuel Gauge.......................... 18 Table 5. Buck Converter—Remote Sensing

and Voltage Positioning Product Selector........................32
Counterfeit Battery Prevention with
SHA-256 Fuel Gauge Authentication.................................... 19 Table 6. Boost Converter Product Selector..........................33

Low-Power Fuel Gauge for Wireless Sensors...................... 21 Table 7. Buck-Boost Converter Product Selector................33

Multi-Cell Fuel Gauge for Robots and Drones....................22 Table 8. LED Driver Product Selector................................... 40

DC-DC Converters................................................25
Remote Sense Enhances Regulation and
Load Transient Response.........................................................26

Voltage Positioning Increases Load

Transient Immunity...................................................................27

USB Type-C Port Controller Power Supply.......................... 28

Mobile Power Product Selector Guide www.maximintegrated.com

Introduction
This edition of the Mobile Power Product Selector Guide highlights
our most popular power solutions for battery-powered devices.
You’ll find insights to key features that enable longer battery life and
reduced system size for mobile devices, including the advantages
they deliver for battery-operated systems. Several applications are
highlighted to demonstrate the benefits of these features. At Maxim,
we are committed to providing the technology you need to empower
design innovation for your mobile system designs.

Power Management ICs (PMICs) mobile systems. PMIC solutions may include DC-DC
converters, LDOs, battery chargers, fuel gauges, LED drivers
High-performance mobile devices employ a variety of
and a variety of additional features that allow for monitoring
processors and/or FPGAs to perform target applications.
and control of system performance. These highly integrated
These systems are typically battery-operated and require
solutions provide the high performance and small size
multiple low-voltage rails and protection. They may also
demanded by mobile applications, all with high efficiencies to
include application-specific features. PMICs (Figure 1) offer
maximize battery life.
highly integrated solutions for modern high-performance

PROCESSOR
BATT POWER

MEMORY
POWER

PMIC
CONTROL IO POWER
(SERIAL/IO)

AUXILLARY
POWER

Figure 1. Typical CPU Power Rails Provided by a PMIC

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High-Performance Smartphone PMIC Key Features of MAX8660

Smartphones require multiple voltage rails that support • Configurable Power Performance
– Four Step-Down DC-DC Converters
aggressive load transients to power high-end processors.
– Four LDO Regulators
High efficiency and small size are necessary characteristics for
– Adjustable Soft-Start Ramp-Rate
DC-DC converters in this application. The MAX8660 PMIC – Power Sequencing
(Figure 2) supplies a total of eight voltage rails designed – I2C Serial Interface
for high-performance compact systems. Two dynamically
• Small Solution Size
controlled step-down converters allow for in-system dynamic
– 2MHz Switching Frequency Allows for Small Components
voltage management (DVM) to optimize system performance
– 40-Pin TQFN Package
during normal operation. Monitoring and control are
provided via I2C serial communication for effective software • Extends Battery Life
– 20μA Deep-Sleep Current
management. Additional features include hardware ON/OFF
– Automatic Switching Between FPWM and Light-Load
output voltage control, low-battery indicator, and reset output.
Operation
Altogether, these features provide a high-performance system
in a 40-pin TQFN package. • Integrated Protection
– Thermal Overload Protection
– Input Under/Overvoltage Lockout
– Internal Off-Discharge Resistors

I/O

V1
Li+ HIGH-SPEED
BATTERY MEMORY
V2
CPU

V3 CORE

V4
MAX8660 SRAM

V8
I2C CONTROL
BACKUP
V7 BATTERY
MCU
I/O CONTROL
V6
V5

USIM CARD

REMOVABLE
STORAGE

AUDIO
CODEC

Figure 2. Smartphone Block Diagram Using MAX8660 PMIC

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Single-Cell Power Supply for Wireless Hearables The MAX77650 SIMO buck-boost PMIC features low-
quiescent power consumption and minimizes the solution
Hearable devices have evolved from simple headsets
size by efficiently providing a total of 3 DC outputs using a
(speakers and microphones) with wired analog connectors
single inductor. This compact PMIC provides the multiple rails
to highly integrated audio systems capable of wirelessly
that are required by modern headphone applications utilizing
transmitting and receiving digital audio data. This evolution
both tethered and untethered system architectures. Tethered
has allowed systems to eliminate the need for wired audio
headphones use a physical connection between the left and
connectors, such as the iconic 3.5mm jack, in favor of wireless
right speakers, while untethered headphones use a wireless
communication using Bluetooth®. Additionally, an in-system
link between the left and right speakers. Therefore, untethered
audio digital signal processor (DSP) enhances the overall
headphones require independent supplies for both the right
listening experience, and is paired with captive speaker loads
and left speakers. Figures 3 and 4 demonstrate application
that enable efficient, low-noise amplifier technologies.
systems for wireless hearables using the MAX77650 PMIC,
Wireless hearable form-factors place size limitations on both the MAX17048 fuel gauge and the MAX98090 low-power
system design and battery selection, and thus small-scale high-performance CODEC. For size-constrained applications,
PMICs are required to provide system power from a battery the MAX9867 CODEC is recommended.
source with high efficiency and low quiescent current.

LEGEND

POWER SUPPLY
MAX98090 LEFT RIGHT
CONTROL DATA MAX9867 HP HP
DIGITAL AUDIO BT RX/TX TETHER
AUDIO CODEC AMICS OR
ANALOG AUDIO DMICS

MCU MAX77650
(DSP) SIMO

3.3μH

Figure 3. Tethered Bluetooth Headset Application Using the MAX77650 SIMO

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MAX98090 LEFT RIGHT MAX98090

MCU MAX9867 HP HP MCU
MAX9867
(AUDIO DSP) AMICS OR (AUDIO DSP)
AUDIO CODEC AMICS OR AUDIO CODEC
DMICS DMICS

NO
TETHER

BATTERY BATTERY
MAX77650 MAX77650
BT RX/TX BT RX/TX
SIMO SIMO

3.3μH 3.3μH

LEGEND

POWER SUPPLY
CONTROL DATA
DIGITAL AUDIO
ANALOG AUDIO

Figure 4. Untethered Bluetooth Headset Application Using MAX77650 SIMO

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Single-Cell Lithium-Ion Battery-Operated Systems Key Features of MAX8662

with Display • Two 95% Efficient Buck Regulators
The small size of battery-operated devices requires a high • Four Low-Dropout Linear Regulators
level of integration to fit all the required functions into the • White LED Driver
limited space available. These systems typically require – 30mA (max)
battery charging and several voltage rails. The MAX8662 – PWM and Analog Dimming Control
PMIC (Figure 5) provides seven voltage rails and a single-cell
• Adaptive Battery Charger
lithium-ion (Li+) battery charger for small-scale portable
– Smart Power Selector
systems. The integrated battery charger uses proprietary
Smart Power Selector™ technology to automatically distribute • Integrated Protection
power between the source, battery, and system without the – IC Thermal-Overload Protection
need for external switches. Backlighting typically required by – NTC Thermistor Input
mobile displays is regulated using a 30mA white LED driver – Input Under/Overvoltage Lockout
with versatile PWM and analog dimming control. Integrated – Input Overcurrent Protection
protection features increase system reliability using only a few
external components.

DC/USB TO SYSTEM
DC SYS
INPUT POWER
BAT
PWR OK POK Li+
BATTERY
CHARGE MAX8662
CHG
STATUS OUT1
LX1 0.98V TO VIN/1.2A
CHARGE
CEN
ENABLE OUT2
LX2
EN1 0.98V TO VIN/0.9A
LX3 TO SYS
EN2

EN3 OUT3
30mA
EN4
WLED
EN5 CS
EN6
OUT4 500mA
EN7
OUT5 150mA
OUT4–OUT7
SL1 300mA
VOLTAGE OUT6

SELECT SL2 OUT7 150mA

Figure 5. MAX8662 Typical Operating Circuit

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Single-Cell Power Management for Portable Music charger with Smart Power Selector technology seamlessly
Players distributes power between the charger input, battery, and
load. This reduces processor overhead and provides a stand-
Portable music players often include displays to provide
alone battery power solution for small handheld devices
visual feedback to the user. Many displays require lighting
such as portable music players. The robust features of the
to enhance display brightness using an LED backlight. The
MAX8662 are offered in a small 48-pin TQFN (37.2mm2
MAX8662 PMIC has an integrated LED driver to provide
package), which enables small form-factors for portable and
backlighting for small displays in portable applications.
handheld applications. An example application circuit for a
Additional rails include 2 buck converters for MCU or a
portable music player is shown in Figure 6 demonstrating the
Bluetooth controller power supply and 4 LDOs for additional
MAX8662 PMIC’s robustness.
sensors or peripheral functions. An integrated battery

DISPLAY BACKLIGHT

USB
ADAPTER
INPUT MAX8662

Li+
BATTERY LDOs
MAX98090
CODEC

MAX17058
FUEL GAUGE
SENSORS/
PERIPHERAL
FUNCTIONS

Wi-Fi® OR
BLUETOOTH DSP
CONTROLLER

*Contact us for information on multi-cell audio solutions.

Figure 6. Portable Music Player Application Using MAX8662 PMIC

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Smart Power Selector Convenient Charging 2. When the battery is connected and there is no external power
Smart Power Selector technology employs an internal charge- input, the system is powered from the battery (Figure 9).
pump supply and internal FETs to seamlessly distribute
power between the external input, battery, and system load.
Configuration is internally optimized and does not require SYS

external components. Smart Power Selector technology is SYSTEM

LOAD
ideal for frequently charged/discharged battery-operated
systems, such as handheld devices. Q2
BATTERY-TO-SYS
SWITCH
Basic Functions of Smart Power Selector Technology (DISCHARGE PATH) BAT BATTERY

1. With both the external power supply and battery connected.

a) When the system load requirements exceed the capacity GND

MAX8662
of the external power input (Figure 7), the battery supplies
MAX8663
supplemental current to the load.
THM RTHM

AC ADAPTER
OR Q1 INPUT-TO-SYS
Figure 9. Power Path With Battery, But No External Supply
USB INPUT SWITCH SYS
DC

SYSTEM
LOAD

3) When an external power input is connected and there is no

Q2 battery, the system is powered from the external power input
BATTERY-TO-SYS
SWITCH
(DISCHARGE PATH) BAT
(Figure 10).
BATTERY

AC ADAPTER
OR
GND USB INPUT SYS
DC SWITCH

MAX8662
MAX8663 SYSTEM
LOAD

THM RTHM

Figure 7. Power Path When ILOAD > IDC

b) When the system load requirements are less than the

capacity of the external power input (Figure 8), the battery is MAX8662
MAX8663
charged with residual power from the input.

AC ADAPTER
OR
USB INPUT
DC
Q1 INPUT-TO-SYS
SWITCH SYS
Figure 10. Power Path With External Supply, But No Battery

SYSTEM
LOAD

Q3
(CHARGE
PATH)
BAT BATTERY

GND

MAX8662
MAX8663
THM RTHM

Figure 8. Power Path When ILOAD < IDC

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Table 1. Power Management IC Product Selector

Smallest
LCD/LED/ Available
Flash/CCD Operating Package
Part Number of GPIO Fea- VIN Range VOUT Range Frequency (max with pins)
Number Primary Topology Outputs tures (V) (V) Max. IOUT (A) (kHz) Package/Pins (mm2)

MAX8660 Step-down 2.6 to 6 0.725 to 3.3 1.6 2000 TQFN/40 26

MAX8662 Step-down White LED 2.6 to 8 1 to 3.3 1.2 1000 TQFN/48 37.2

MAX8819 Step-down White LED 4.1 to 5.5 1 to 5.3 0.5 1000, 2000 TQFN/28 16.8

MAX77812 Step-down 1-4 2 GPIO 2.5 to 5.5 0.25 to 1.525 20 2000 WLP/64 11.5

MAX77874 Step-down 1 nIRQ, DVS 2.7 to 4.8 0.25 to 1.3 16 2000 WLP/48 6.5

0.8 to
MAX77503 Step-down 1 POK 3 to 14 1.5 1000 WLP/12 2.6
99%Vin

MAX77324 Step-down 1 2.5 to 4.8 0.6 to 2 1.5 2000 nominal WLP/6 1.0

MAX77756 Step-down 1 POK 3 to 24 1 to 99%Vin 0.5 1000 WLP/15 3.3

MAX77596 Step-down 1 3.5 to 24 1 to 10 0.3 1700 TDFN/10 5

SINGLE-INDUCTOR MULTI-OUTPUT

SIMO
MAX77650 LED sink
H-Bridge 1-4 4.1 to 7.25 0.8 to 5.25 0.3 Up to 3000 WLP/30 5.9
MAX77651 1 GPIO
Step-Up/Down
SIMO
MAX17270 0.8 to 4.6
H-Bridge 1-3 2.7 to 5.5 0.3 Up to 3000 WLP/16 32
MAX17271 0.8 to 5.175
Step-Up/Down
SIMO
MAX77278 H-Bridge 1-4 8 GPIOs 2.8 to 5.5 0.85 to 5.5 0.3 Up to 3000 WLP/35 6.8
Step-Up/Down
SIMO
MAX77640 0.8 to 3.95
H-Bridge 1-4 1 GPIO 2.7 to 5.5 0.3 Up to 3000 WLP/30 5.9
0.8 to 5.25
Step-Up/Down
SIMO
MAX77680 0.8 to 1.5875
H-Bridge 1-3 2.7 to 5.5 0.3 Up to 3000 WLP/30 5.9
MAX77681 2.4 to 5.25
Step-Up/Down

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Battery Chargers and Fuel Gauges termination method. Our battery chargers offer a broad range of
fast-charge termination methods to suit your design needs.
Mobile devices require high-capacity rechargeable batteries
to provide system power. These systems typically use Li+ In the top-off stage, the remaining battery capacity is
batteries due to their light weight and high energy density. charged with constant voltage. The top-off charging current
Our battery chargers offer a variety of features, which enable is terminated based on a timer, which begins count at the
accurate and robust designs to ensure safe battery-charging beginning of the top-off stage. This stage maximizes capacity to
solutions. Our fuel gauges monitor remaining battery charge deliver the most from your battery.
using a proprietary ModelGauge™ algorithm to provide high Charge Control Methods
accuracy. In addition, they offer SHA-256 authentication to
Fast-charging is complete once the requirement of primary
prevent battery pack cloning. Together, our battery chargers
termination is met. Primary termination comes in a variety of
and fuel gauges (Figure 11) provide the efficiency, accuracy, and
approaches that are battery chemistry dependent. Below is a
protection required to support Li+ battery applications.
list of fast-charge termination methods compatible with Li+
batteries.
Current Limit — Sets a maximum charging current limit.
Charger remains in constant current (CC) mode at the
specified limit until either a maximum voltage is detected,
and/or a timer expires. Both maximum voltage and timer are
adjustable limits, and thus provide design flexibility.

(CONSTANT CURRENT)

(CONSTANT VOLTAGE)
PREQUALIFICATION

FAST-CHARGE

FAST-CHARGE

TOP-OFF

DONE
Figure 11. Li+ Battery Charging and Fuel Gauging

Li+ Battery Charge Termination VBATREG

BATTERY VOLTAGE

Proper charge termination is imperative to all rechargeable

battery-operated devices for extended battery life. Moreover,
Li+ batteries require specialized care to avoid disastrous effects
due to improper charging. Our Li+ chargers incorporate three VPLTH

charging stages to accommodate safe charging. These charging

stages include prequalification, fast-charge, and top-off TIME
(Figure 12). However, additional stages may be included to
increase battery protection and performance. IFCHG

In the case of severely depleted Li+ batteries, a large current

BATTERY CHARGE CURRENT

may potentially cause damage to the battery. Prequalification

measures and determines an acceptable battery voltage to
allow safe charging. The battery is charged using a low current
until the voltage rises above a specified limit. Once the battery IPQ
is at a safe voltage level, fast-charging begins.
0
Fast-charging requires high current to quickly charge the
battery. Charge current is determined by the battery capacity TIME
and required charge time; however, battery manufacturers
will specify a maximum charge current. The maximum
charge current limits the time in which the battery may be Figure 12. Charging Stages for Safe Charging
safely charged. The fast-charging phase ends with a primary

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Limits are adjustable either through hardware or I2C/ Single-Cell Battery Charger for Handheld Gaming Devices
SMBus. This method offers fast charging and flexibility in an The fast-growing video game industry continually develops new
integrated package. products with increasingly smaller form-factors while adding
Minimum Charge Current — The charger initially provides more features to enhance user experience. Handheld gaming
a fixed constant current. Charge current is reduced as the devices require large batteries to support video processing,
battery approaches maximum voltage. Charging ends once a real-time motion sensing, wireless communication, and
specified minimum charge current is reached. peripheral sensors. This entails a battery charger that must
External Control — These devices typically have an supply a high fast-charge current to quickly charge the battery,
input to control charge current. This allows designers to while maintaining a small solution size. The MAX8971 can
implement proprietary charging algorithms using an external deliver up to 1.55A of fast-charge current and is available in
microcontroller. These devices offer simplicity and flexibility a 2.18mm x 1.62mm WLP package. A safeout LDO provides
in a wide variety of applications with a simple microcontroller. power to 5V low-power USB PHY. This battery charger IC is
JEITA-compliant, which provides safe charging over a wide
Smart Battery Control — A smart battery has integrated temperature range. In addition, the device supports a GSM test
battery management, which communicates charging mode that provides a 2.3A peak pulse current at 217Hz with a
specifications with a smart charger using SMBus. Charging 12.5% on-duty cycle. This test mode allows the manufacturer
follows guidelines set by the Smart Battery Charger to test battery performance with transient loads expected from
Specification Revision 1.1. GSM transceivers. This enhances reliability for gaming devices
Timer — Charging terminates based on an expired timer with location and/or data services. Figure 13 is an example
count. Timer begins count when the charging phase is application circuit demonstrating the use of the MAX8971 in a
enabled. This method is also used as protection to prevent typical handheld gaming system.
runaway charging current.
Linear vs. Switch-Mode Charging
Maximum Temperature — Charging terminates based on
battery temperature. A set thermal limit prevents battery Battery chargers come in a variety of topologies, each
overheating, which provides battery protection. This method optimized for specific design goals. Mobile applications
requires a local battery thermistor to accurately detect require low battery voltages; thus, battery chargers are
battery temperature. normally step-down devices. Two of the most common
battery-charging solutions use either linear or switching
topologies to regulate charge current.

DISPLAY
GSM MODULE MODULE

Wi-Fi OR
BLUETOOTH
L RSENSE CONTROLLER
ADAPTER/USB
POWER
LX1, CS SPEAKER
DC1, LX2
DC2 BAT PMIC MAX98090
+ MIC
NTC
Li+
MAX17260 AUDIO CODEC
MAX8971 BATTERY
FUEL GAUGE
CS+ CS-
THM
HAPTIC ACTUATORS
RSENSE
MAX98357
5V USB AVL AUDIO AMPLIFIER/
SFO
PHY HAPTIC DRIVER
I2C CONTROL FPGA/
SDA/ MCU
SCL PROCESSOR

*Contact us for information on multi-cell audio solutions.

Figure 13. Typical Handheld Gaming System Using MAX8971 Battery Charger

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L​ inear chargers adjust the resistance across a high-side FET Wireless Sensor Node Battery Charger
to regulate charging current to a battery load. Switch-mode Linear battery chargers are a great fit in small systems with
chargers employ a buck topology, which regulates charging low battery capacities such as wireless sensor nodes. These
current by adjusting the duty cycle and/or frequency of a low battery capacity systems require little charge current.
PWM power signal. The PWM power signal is then filtered to The low IQ of linear battery chargers enable longer battery
achieve the desired charge current. life. Figure 14 demonstrates a typical application circuit for a
Benefits of Linear Charging wireless sensor node using the MAX8814 linear charger set
for 500mA of fast charge current.
• Low-Cost
– Reduced Component Count MAX17048

– No Magnetic Components FUEL GAUGE

• Small Size USB ADAPTER

INPUT
IN BATT
Li+
LDO

– Only Input/Output Capacitors

MAX8814 BATTERY
2.2μF

GND POK
– No Filtering Required SENSOR

MCU/
• Reduced EMI 15.8kΩ
ISET EN
PROCESSOR

– No Switching Noise ABI ABO

Benefits of Switch-Mode Charging

• Maximum Charging Current > 1A Figure 14. Wireless Sensor Node Using MAX8814 Linear Battery Charger
– Limited by AC and DC Characteristics of Internal
Switching FETs
Single-Cell Digital Camera Battery Charger
• Wide Input Voltage Range
For applications with large battery capacities, greater charge
– Limited by Duty Cycle
current is required. Switch-mode chargers are ideal for these
• Greater Efficiency applications due to high efficiency at higher charge currents.
– Low Power Dissipation Handheld cameras need large batteries to support video
– Less Thermal Generation processing and encoding. This will require a larger charging
current to quickly charge the battery. The MAX8903 high-
efficiency charger provides up to 2A fast-charge current.
A 4MHz switching frequency reduces inductor sizing and
overall system size. The dual input allows the user to charge
the camera from either an AC adapter or USB input. Figure 15
demonstrates battery charging in a digital camera application.

WLED
DRIVER

ADAPTER
SPEAKER
POWER
(4.15 TO 16V) MAX98090
CODEC MIC
DC SYS
OR

MAX8903 MAX98357 SPEAKER

USB POWER DIGITAL
USB AMPLIFIER
(5V)

2A FAST CHARGE
BATT
Li+ I/O CONTROL
BATTERY MAX17260 MCU
FUEL GAUGE
CS+ CS-

RSENSE

*Contact us for information on multi-cell audio solutions.

Figure 15. Digital Camera Application Using the MAX8903

Switch-Mode Charger

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Integrated Battery Charger and Fuel Gauge Key Features of MAX77818

Ever-shrinking mobile systems require small solutions with a • Dynamic Charging Capabilities
high level of integration. The MAX77818 (Figure 16) integrates – 3A Switch-Mode Charger
both a battery charger and fuel gauge to deliver the most from – Adapter/USB Input
battery-operated applications with system configurability – Wireless Charging Input
through an I2C serial interface. The battery charger integrates – Smart Power Selector
low-loss switches that operate at a 4MHz switching frequency • ModelGauge m5 Battery Fuel Gauge
to reduce size. A ModelGauge m5 fuel gauge also provides high – ±1% State-of-Charge Accuracy
accuracy and additional configurability to extend battery life. – No Calibration Cycles
The charger is re-purposed to support USB On-The-Go (OTG) – Time-to-Empty and Time-to-Full Prediction
up to 5.1V at 1.5A using reverse boost capabilities. Altogether,
• Integrated Protection
the MAX77818 is a great fit for battery-operated mobile
– Under/Overvoltage Lockout
systems where small size and system integration is required.
– Adjustable OCP
– Charge Safety Timer
– Die Temp Monitor with Thermal Foldback

VUSB/VADP MAX77818
CHGIN BYP
CHGIN VBYP

BST 5.05V
+3.2V TO + 14V OPERATING (REVERSE BOOST MODE)
UP TO 4.0A INPUT CURRENT
CHGIN INPUT CURRENT
LIMIT SWITCH
WIRELESS BUCK/BOOST CHGLX
WCIN VSYS
WCIN CONTROLLER

WCIN INPUT CURRENT CHGPGND

LIMIT AND 5.9V
AVL OVERVOLTAGE SWITCH
SYS

CHARGE AND
SMART REVERSE
PVL POWER PATH BLOCKING
CONTROLLER
BATT
UP TO 3.0A
CHARGE CURRENT

Figure 16. MAX77818 Typical Operating Circuit

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Single-Cell Wireless Speaker Charger and Fuel Gauge charger that delivers 3A of fast-charge current in a small
Wireless speakers allow us to hear music without being 3.87mm x 3.61mm WLP package. Dual-charging inputs allow
bound to a wall outlet. This modern invention has grown in the user to charge the device from either an adapter or from a
complexity to include features such as artificial intelligence. wireless charging input. The adapter input offers reverse boost
These features require larger batteries with greater capacity capabilities and may be used to power USB-OTG devices.
to support the power demanded by power-hungry processors. To add another level of integration, an internal ModelGauge
It becomes necessary to provide larger charging current to m5 fuel gauge keeps track of the state-of-charge (SOC) to
charge the battery within a reasonable time. However, it is also 1% accuracy and offers both time-to-empty and time-to-
important to keep a small solution size to minimize overall full predictions. These features enhance wireless speaker
system size. The MAX77818 (Figure 17) is a switch-mode performance by providing feedback and additional features to
the user.

BLUETOOTH
CONTROLLER
USB-OTG
CHGLX
CHGIN SYS MAX8660

ADAPTER/USB
POWER FPGA/ MIC
MAX77818 PROCESSOR
I2C CONTROL
MCU

MAX77950 WCIN
WPT BATT
RECEIVER Li+
BATTERY

MAX98357
DIGITAL
LEGEND AMPLIFIER
SPEAKER
POWER SUPPLY OR

CONTROL DATA
MAX98304
DIGITAL AUDIO AUDIO
AMPLIFIER
ANALOG AUDIO

*Contact us for information on multi-cell audio solutions.

Figure 17. Wireless Speaker Application Using MAX77818 Battery Charger and Fuel Gauge

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Table 2. Battery Chargers Product Selector

Smallest
Available
Package
Protected (max
Part VIN (max) Charger Charge Rate Max. Package/ with pins)
Number Cell Chemistry (V) Voltage (V) Set By ICHG (A) Key Features Pins (mm2)

SWITCH-MODE CHARGERS

4.2 to 4.41
MAX77860 1-cell Li+ 16 I2C/SMBus 3.15 Power path, USB-C CC and BC1.2 detection WLP/81 15.3
(12.5mV steps)

3.625 to 4.7 Dual input, power path, ModelGauge m5

MAX77818 1-cell Li+ 16 I2C/SMBus 3 WLP/72 14.0
(25mV Steps) fuel gauge

4.1, 4.15, 4.2,

MAX8903 1-cell Li+ 20 Preset, resistor 2 Standalone, firmware-free, power path TQFN/28 16.8
4.35

4.1, 4.15, 4.2,

MAX8971 1-cell Li+ 22 I 2C/SMBus 1.55 High voltage, JEITA compliant WLP/20 3.5
4.35

3.5 to 12.7
MAX77950 — 20 (100mV I2C/SMBus 1.5 Wireless receiver for WPC(Qi) /PMA WLP/54 9.9
steps)

Multi-cell Standalone, firmware-free, switch mode or

DS2715 16.5 — Resistor — SOIC(N)/16 61.9
NiMH linear charge controller

Standalone, firmware-free, thermistor, SOIC(N)/16

DS2712 1/2-cell NiMH 5.5 — Resistor — 33.4
timer TSSOP/16

DS2710 1-cell NiMH 5.5 — Resistor — Standalone, firmware-free, thermistor TDFN/10 11.3

LINEAR CHARGERS

External source, Standalone, firmware-free, power path,

MAX8895 1-cell Li+ 16 4.2 1.85 WLP/25 7.9
Resistor USB BC1.1 detection
1-cell Li+, 3-cell 4.1, 4.2, Standalone, firmware-free, multi-chemis-
MAX1501 14 Resistor 1.4 TQFN/16 26
NiMH 4.5, 4.95 try, temperature-regulated charging
Logic input, Standalone, firmware-free, dual input,
MAX8934 1-cell Li+ 16 4.075, 4.2 1.5 TQFN/28 16.8
resistor power path, JEITA compliant
Logic input, Standalone, firmware-free, dual input,
MAX8677 1-cell Li+ 16 4.2 1.5 TQFN/24 16.8
resistor power path
Logic input, Standalone, firmware-free, power path,
MAX8606 1-cell Li+ 16 4.2 1 TDFN-EP/14 9.6
resistor timer
Logic input,
MAX8856 1-cell Li+ 16 4.2 1 Standalone, firmware-free, power path TDFN-EP/14 9.6
reset, resistor
Standalone, firmware-free, temperature
MAX8808 1-cell Li+ 16 4.2 Resistor 1 TDFN-EP/8 4.2
regulation
4.1, 4.15, Power path, USB BC1.1 detection, JEITA
MAX77301 1-cell Li+ 16 I2C/SMBus 0.9 WLP/25 6.0
4.2, 4.05 compliant
3.5 to 12.7
MAX77950 — 20 I2C/SMBus 1.5 Wireless receiver for WPC(Qi) /PMA WLP/54 9.9
(100mV steps)
Standalone, firmware-free, switch-mode,
DS2715 Multi-cell NiMH 18 — Resistor — SOIC(N)/16 61.9
or linear charge controller
Standalone, firmware-free,thermistor, SOIC(N)/16
DS2711 1/2-cell NiMH 6 — Resistor — 33.4
timer TSSOP/16

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Mobile Power Product Selector Guide www.maximintegrated.com

Fuel Gauges and the ModelGauge m5 Algorithm data to implement the OCV method. Battery current is not
measured using this method; thus, a current-sense resistor
Mobile systems require high-accuracy fuel gauging to estimate
is not required, which reduces bill of materials cost and
remaining capacity and maximize battery life. The ModelGauge
size. OCV-based ModelGauge is very stable over time.
m5 fuel gauge algorithm accurately estimates SOC using
open-circuit voltage (OCV) and coulomb counting. In addition, Coulomb Counting – Coulomb counting measures battery
adaptive mechanisms learn battery capacity as it ages. This current to determine the amount of charge the battery has
ensures a longer battery run-time and is offered in a small gained or lost. Coulomb counting by itself offers better
solution size. Additional features beyond SOC include time- short-term accuracy than OCV, but over the longer term,
to-full, and time since first power-up. ModelGauge m5 also it injects offset drift error that severely degrades accuracy.
logs thirteen critical parameters over battery lifetime. These ModelGauge m5 combines the short-term accuracy of
parameters are used for fault analysis to provide robust safety coulomb-counting with long-term stability of OCV-based
and security. The following list of ModelGauge m5 features ModelGauge.
constitute a highly accurate SOC Cycle+ – Age forecasting algorithm to predict battery end-
OCV – The original ModelGauge algorithm estimates the of-life, due to degradation with age and use.
battery open-circuit voltage (OCV), even during current Converge-to-Empty – Eliminates SOC error that occurs
flow. A battery characterization process is required and near empty.
SOC is determined using OCV and battery characterization

Featured Technology: EZ Config

Previous algorithms require data from a factory-based

battery characterization. For most batteries, EZ Config
provides high-accuracy fuel gauging without in-depth
battery characterization, which allows fast time-to-market
designs. EZ Config logs the user-specified battery type and
characteristics needed by the m5 algorithm.

EZ Config Parameters
1. Cell Size (mAH)
2. Empty Voltage
3. Pack Configuration

A graphical user interface (GUI) is available for all m5

devices, as pictured on the right. The GUI comes equipped
with a battery configuration wizard, battery performance
metrics, and real-time performance graphs. This enables
designers to quickly evaluate battery and system perfor-
mance. EZ Config is only offered on select ModelGauge
m5 devices; however, characterization services are still
available for the entire ModelGauge family of devices. ModelGauge m5's EZ Config Tool Interface

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Mobile Power Product Selector Guide www.maximintegrated.com

MAX17055 High-Accuracy Fuel Gauge

PACK + SYSPWR
The combined features of ModelGauge m5 result in a highly
accurate SOC estimation throughout the battery’s lifetime.
Effects such as cell aging, temperature, and discharge rate
BATT ALRT
are automatically and internally compensated. Moreover, 0.1µF
ModelGauge m5 EZ devices, such as the MAX17055,
SDA
allow rapid prototyping by eliminating the need for a
battery characterization process (Figure 18). This reduces MAX17055
PROTECTOR SCL
development costs without sacrificing fuel gauge accuracy. THRM
Over 300 different batteries were tested using the EZ 10kΩ
THRM
configuration. Performance results show that 97% of batteries AIN
have less than 3% error during discharge. The high-accuracy
REG
and rapid development capabilities of the MAX17055 fuel 10kΩ
NTC
CSP EP CSN 0.47µF
gauge allow for implementation in a wide variety of single-cell
Li+ applications (Figure 19). The following are key features that
govern the outstanding capabilities of the MAX17055. PACK - RSENSE SYSGND
BATTERY SYSTEM 0.010Ω
Key Features of MAX17055
• ModelGauge m5 EZ Figure 18. MAX17055 Fuel Gauge in a Battery Pack System
– No Battery Characterization Required
– Robust Against Battery Variation
– Eliminates Near-Empty Voltage Error
SYSPWR
– Eliminates Coulomb Counter Drift
– Current, Temperature, and Age-Compensated
– Does Not Require Empty, Full, or Idle States
BATT ALRT
• Low 7μA Operating Current 0.1µF

• Wide Sense Resistor Range SDA

– 1mΩ to 1000mΩ MAX17055
– PCB Metal Sensing + Temperature Compensation PROTECTOR SCL
THRM
• Supports Li+ and Variants Including LiFePO4
• ±1°C Internal Temperature or Thermistor AIN
• Dynamic Power Estimates Power Capability During REG
CSP EP CSN
Discharge 0.47µF

• Predicts Remaining Capacity Under Theoretical Load

• Alert Indicator for Voltage, SOC, Temperature, Current, RSENSE SYSGND
0.010Ω
and 1% SOC Change

Figure 19. MAX17055 Fuel Gauge in a Captive Battery System

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Counterfeit Battery Prevention with SHA-256 Fuel Alternatively, a simpler scheme using a precomputed
Gauge Authentication challenge-response pair stored in the MCU memory may also
be implemented.
Systems with replacement batteries, sensors, peripherals,
modules, or other consumables are commonly targeted by The MAX172xx family of SHA-256 fuel gauges (Table 3)
unauthorized after-market companies. These unauthorized offer secure authentication to prevent unauthorized battery-
companies produce counterfeit modules that introduce pack cloning. SHA-256 allows the system host to verify a
safety concerns, reduce the quality of the application, and replacement battery. SHA-256 authentication between system
generally negatively impact the OEM solution. Introducing host and battery pack slave is accomplished via challenge and
secure authentication into the solution enables the host response. In challenge-and-response authentication, the host
system to test sensor or module authenticity, and acts if a sends a challenge by providing a unique code.
counterfeit device is detected (Figure 20). Batteries are a
common counterfeit target, since they are found in all mobile
devices. Fuel gauge authenticators combine the SOC accuracy Table 3. Fuel Gauges with SHA-256 Authentication
of ModelGauge m5 with the security of SHA-256 encryption
(Figure 21). The result is a highly accurate fuel gauge with Fuel Gauge Battery Type Interface
increased reliability. Figure 22 is a demonstration of battery MAX17201 1-Cell Li+ 2-Wire
authentication using the MAX17201 SHA-256 fuel gauge for a MAX17205 Multi-Cell Li+ 2-Wire
single-cell battery pack.
MAX17211 1-Cell Li+ 1-Wire®
In the configuration shown by Figure 22, the system host sends
an authentication command via the host microcontroller unit MAX17215 Multi-Cell Li+ 1-Wire
(MCU). Once authentication is complete, the MCU enables Note: Given the secure and application-sensitive nature of secure
the system PMIC for power distribution. If the MAX17201 authentication products, device details are omitted from this
returns an invalid authentication result to the MCU, the MCU document. The full version of individual device data sheets, available
does not enable the PMIC and power is not distributed to the under a nondisclosure agreement (NDA), provides this information.
system. SHA-256 authentication is performed internally in
both the fuel gauge and the MCU.

AUTHENTIC BATTERY

COUNTERFEIT BATTERY

Figure 20. Counterfeit Battery Prevention Using Authentication

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Mobile Power Product Selector Guide www.maximintegrated.com

The slave device then responds with a 256-bit message

authentication code (MAC). The MAC is generated using a
SHA engine, which contains the secure hash algorithm (SHA). HOST
The SHA engine uses the host's challenge along with a slave CHALLENGE
secret, user memory, and additional data to generate the MAC SECRET SHA
ENGINE
response. The response of the slave device is a unique MAC,
which is then sent back to the host for verification. Once the DEVICE DATA
ELEMENTS
host verifies the response MAC, the battery pack is considered
SLAVE MAC
authentic. RESPONSE

Figure 21. Authentication Procedure Block Diagram

AUTHENTIC BATTERY PACK

Ibatt > 0A
PACK+
BATT PMIC
EN
POWER

VBATT
Li+ 1-WIRE SYSTEM
BATTERY MAX17201 DQ MCU LOADS
CSP CSN
GND

Rsense PACK-

BATTERY PACK SYSTEM

NON-AUTHENTIC BATTERY PACK

PACK+ Ibatt = 0A

X BATT PMIC
EN

POWER

UNAUTHORIZED 1-WIRE SYSTEM

BATTERY PACK MCU LOADS

GND

PACK-

BATTERY PACK SYSTEM

Figure 22. Battery Pack Authentication Using the MAX17201 Fuel Gauge

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Low-Power Fuel Gauge for Wireless Sensors

Wireless sensor networks consist of many autonomous devices IQ ≈ 3μA
VDD SDA SENSOR
working together to sense the environment around them. These
sensors may have different functionalities, but they all require CELL SCL
WIRELESS
MCU
three main components which include a battery, a sensor, and a Li+ MAX17048
BATTERY
radio. An important aspect of the wireless sensor is its lifetime, 0.1μF CTG ALRT

which is directly related to the battery life. Our fuel gauges GND QSTRT

provide a measure of the remaining battery capacity with

minimal power consumption to enable longer battery life. As
an example, the MAX17048 uses the ModelGauge algorithm Figure 23. MAX17048 Fuel Gauge in Hibernate Mode
to predict an accurate SOC. More importantly, the MAX17048
typically consumes only 3μA of quiescent current in hibernate
mode (Figure 23), while still providing accurate fuel gauging.
This allows wireless sensors to estimate battery capacity
without excessively draining the battery. Hibernate mode
IQ ≈ 23μA
works best in applications where the battery load is less than VDD SDA SENSOR

the C/4-rate, which is ideal for wireless sensors that consume

CELL WIRELESS
little current. Often, the battery load can significantly increase SCL
MCU
MAX17048
during a communication event in the radio module. During such Li+
BATTERY
CTG ALRT
heavy loads, the devices can be forced into active mode (Figure 0.1μF

24) to ensure accurate gauging. The low quiescent current and GND QSTRT

versatile configurability of the MAX17048 is well-suited for fuel

gauging in wireless sensor nodes.
Key Features of MAX17048 Figure 24. MAX17048 Fuel Gauge in Active Mode

• ModelGauge Algorithm
– Provides Accurate State-of-Charge
– Compensates for Temperature and Load Variation
– Does Not Accumulate Errors, Unlike Coulomb Counters
– Eliminates Current-Sense Resistor
• Ultra-Low Quiescent Current
– 3μA Hibernate
– 23μA Active
• Battery-Insertion Debounce
• Programmable Reset for Battery Swap
• Configurable Alerts
– Low SOC
– 1% Change in SOC
– Battery OV/UV
– VRESET Alert

• I2C Interface

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Mobile Power Product Selector Guide www.maximintegrated.com

Multi-Cell Fuel Gauge for Robots and Drones Monitoring the SOC of the battery pack allows the user to
maximize battery run-time and lifetime. The MAX17215
Robots and drones require multiple Li+ battery cells to obtain
uses the ModelGauge m5 EZ Config to determine a highly
higher operating voltages. The higher operating voltage is
accurate SOC without any battery characterization procedure.
required to drive the motors in these systems. Due to varying
In addition, the MAX17215 provides SHA-256 authentication
capacities between stacked cells, the operating voltage of each
to ensure the battery pack is genuine, thus increasing
individual cell will diminish at different rates during operation.
system reliability. Figure 25 shows an example application
Cell balancing is used to maintain equivalent voltages across
demonstrating the MAX17215 in a drone application.
all cells, which extends the life of the battery pack. The
MAX17215 can cell balance up to three cells and is a stand-
alone fuel gauge, which is also beneficial to this application.

PACK+
PROTECTION BATT PMIC
CIRCUIT
EN

10Ω
VBATT
POWER
1nF
MAX17215
1-WIRE SYSTEM
10Ω
CELL2 DQ MCU LOADS
1nF

GND
10Ω
CELL1

1nF
CSP CSN

RSENSE
PACK-

Figure 25. MAX17215 Multi-Cell Fuel Gauge for Robot/Drone Applications

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Table 4. ModelGauge Fuel Gauge Product Selector

Host-Side Implementation

Smallest Available
Part Battery Parameters Package (max with
Number Functions Type Interface Measured Special Features IQ Package/Pins pins) (mm2)

MODELGAUGE m5

Battery charger, fuel

MAX77818 1-cell Li+ I2C 50µA WLP/72 2.1
gauge

1-cell Li+, TDFN/14

MAX17260 Fuel gauge, EZ config Primary I2C 5.1µA WLP/9 2.2
cell State-of-charge,
Fuel gauge, EZ config, capacity, TDFN/14
MAX17262 integrated current sense 1-cell Li+ I2C time-to-empty, 5.2µA WLP/9 2.2
resistor time-to-full,
Dynamic power, unique ID,
age, TDFN/10
alerts
MAX17055 Fuel gauge, EZ config 1-cell Li+ I2C voltage, 7µA WLP/9 2.1
current,
temperature
Multi-
cell Li+,
MAX17261 Fuel gauge, EZ config I2C 5.1µA WLP/9 2.2
Primary
cell
1-cell Li+/
LED driver, pushbutton
Multi-cell
MAX17263 input, fuel gauge, EZ I2C 8.2µA TDFN/14 9.6
Li+
config

MODELGAUGE

State-of-charge, TDFN/8,
MAX17048 Fuel gauge 1-cell Li+ I2C Alerts 3µA 4.4
voltage WLP/8

State-of-charge,
MAX17058 Fuel gauge 1-cell Li+ I2C Alerts 25µA WLP/8 4.4
voltage

State-of-charge,
MAX17050 Fuel gauge 2-cell Li+ I2C Alerts 3µA WLP/8 4.4
voltage

State-of-charge,
MAX17059 Fuel gauger 2-cell Li+ I2C Alerts 25µA WLP/8 4.4
voltage

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Mobile Power Product Selector Guide www.maximintegrated.com

Table 4. ModelGauge Fuel Gauge Product Selector (Continued)

Pack-Side Implementation

Smallest Available
Part Battery Parameters Package (max with
Number Functions Type Interface Measured Special Features IQ Package/Pins pins) (mm2)

2-level protector, SHA-

MAX17301 256 authentication, fuel 1-cell Li+ I2C 18µA WLP/15 4.3
gauge, EZ config

2-level protector, SHA-

MAX17311 256 authentication, fuel 1-cell Li+ 1-Wire State-of-Charge, 18µA WLP/15 4.3
gauge, EZ config Capacity,
JEITA-compliance,
Protector, SHA-256 au- Time-to-Empty,
Charger watchdog,
MAX17302 thentication, fuel gauge, 1-cell Li+ I2C Time-to-Full, 18µA WLP/15 4.3
Dynamic power,
EZ config Age,
Alerts,
Age Forecast,
Protector, SHA-256 au- Unique ID,
Voltage,
MAX17312 thentication, fuel gauge, 1-cell Li+ 1-Wire User data storage NVM 18µA WLP/15 4.3
EZ config Current,
Temperature

MAX17303 Fuel gauge, EZ config 1-cell Li+ I2C 18µA WLP/15 4.3

MAX17313 Fuel gauge, EZ config 1-cell Li+ 1-Wire 18µA WLP/15 4.3

SHA-256 authentication, TDFN/14,

MAX17201 1-cell Li+ I2C 9µA 3.8
fuel gauge, EZ config WLP/15

State-of-Charge,
SHA-256 authentication, Capacity, TDFN/14,
MAX17211 1-cell Li+ 1-Wire Time-to-Empty, Dynamic power, 9µA 3.8
fuel gauge, EZ config WLP/15
Time-to-Full, Alerts,
Age,
Unique ID,
Age Forecast,
SHA-256 authentication, User data storage NVM
Multi-cell Voltage, TDFN/14,
MAX17205 balancing, fuel gauge, EZ I2C 12µA 3.8
Li+ Current, WLP/15
config
Temperature

SHA-256 authentication,
Multi-cell TDFN/14,
MAX17215 balancing, fuel gauge, EZ 1-Wire 12µA 3.8
Li+ WLP/15
config

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DC-DC Converters Buck-boost converters provide dual functionality to both step

down and step up the input voltage; hence, these converters
Mobile devices typically require multiple voltage rails from
are useful in mobile applications where the battery voltage
a single battery, which requires highly efficient power
may vary above and below the output voltage. These solutions
conversion in a small footprint. Our broad range of high-
provide the power required by processors, memory, and/
frequency inductor-based switching converters provide the
or other peripheral functions in mobile systems. In addition,
small form-factor demanded by mobile applications, while
many of these solutions have SPICE models for design and
maintaining high efficiency (Figure 26). The required output
simulation. Our EE-Sim® DC-DC Converter Design Tool allows
voltage rails may be either greater or less than the battery
for rapid design and customization using these models.
voltage. Buck converters are used to step down the input voltage,
while boost converters are used to step up the input voltage.

BUCK

DC
VOUT < VBATT
DC

BOOST

DC
VOUT > VBATT
DC

BUCK/BOOST

DC
VBATT(LOW) < VOUT < VBATT(FULL)
DC

Figure 26. Typical DC-DC Converters for Battery-Powered Applications

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Remote Sense Enhances Regulation and Load Our high-performance DC-DC converters are tailored to
Transient Response processor and/or FPGA operation by providing remote-
sense connections to compensate for return-path parasitics.
High-performance mobile devices typically employ processors
These converters, such as the MAX8649/MAX8649A,
or FPGAs to accomplish computationally expensive tasks.
integrate a differential amplifier to accurately measure the
These systems require an accurate low-voltage supply with
differential voltage across the load, as shown in Figure 28.
high-current capability. Voltage accuracy becomes challenging
Remote sensing compensates for return-path parasitics to
in these applications, since the high-current path will generate
provide high-accuracy regulation. In addition, high-frequency
voltage drops due to parasitic resistances. In addition,
currents generated by a load step will have minimal effect on
sudden load changes produce high-frequency currents,
the accuracy of the load voltage. It is important to note proper
which generates noise due to component and PCB parasitic
Kelvin sense connections are required for the remote sense
impedances. If not properly designed, a load change may
pins to accurately measure the feedback voltage. Figure 29
cause instability in the converter.
demonstrates proper Kelvin Sense connections.
Feedback compensates for voltage drops due to high-current
paths; however, conventional converters do not compensate
2.5V TO
for the high-current load return path, as shown in Figure 27. 1.8V TO MAX8649
5.5V
3.6V MAX8649A
The return path will exhibit a voltage drop between both the
IN2
load processor and converter due to the return-path parasitics. VDD
10μF 0.1μF
In the event of a load step, the feedback amplifier will observe 0.1μF 1μH
2.5V TO
the voltage across the load (VLOAD) as well as the voltage 5.5V SCL
LX VOUT
10μF 0.1μF (0.75V TO
drop created by the load step and return path parasitics SDA 1.38V)
11Ω PGND
(VDROP). Naturally, this will cause inaccuracies in the output IN1
voltage and may even cause instability. 2.2μF 0.1μF FSYNC

EN SNS+ +
VID0 VOUT
CPU
INPUT OUTPUT LOAD
VID1
IN LX SNS-
-
AGND ZGND
C1
10µF BUCK
CONVERTER - VDROP +

PGND
Figure 28. MAX8649/MAX8649A with Differential Feedback to Bypass
FB GND Impedance

LOAD VLOAD
GND ZGND OUTPUT
– BULK
– + CAPACITOR
VDROP

OUTPUT + OUTPUT
SOURCE GROUND
Figure 27. Buck Converter Ground Impedance Affects Feedback Signal TRACE TRACE

KELVIN SENSE
TRACES TO ERROR
AMPLIFIER

SNS+ SNS-

Figure 29. Proper Kelvin Sense Connections

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Voltage Positioning Increases Load Transient which effectively reduces the output voltage undershoot and
Immunity overshoot during load transients (Figure 31).
Rapid load transients in processor and FPGA applications Voltage positioning (Figure 32), for the MAX1556/
cause the output voltage to momentarily shift while the MAX1556A, places the output voltage slightly above nominal
controller compensates for the sudden load change. Voltage regulation at no load and slightly below nominal regulation
undershoot occurs when the load quickly transitions from at full load. As output load changes, a small but controlled
a low current to a high current. This causes the output amount of load regulation (“load-line”) error occurs on
capacitors to discharge faster than they can be charged; thus, the output voltage (Figure 33). This voltage positioning
causing a drop in output voltage. Similarly, voltage overshoot architecture allows the output voltage to respond to sudden
occurs when the load transitions from a high current to a load transients in a critically damped manner, effectively
low current. Overshoot and undershoot may be as much reducing the amount of output capacitance needed when
as 5% or greater of the nominal output voltage (Figure 30). compared to classical PWM control.
Voltage positioning compensates for sudden load changes,

LOAD TRANSIENT LOAD TRANSIENT

VIN = 12V
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT 50mV/div
100mV/div VOUT AC-COUPLED

Undershoot Overshoot

500mA/div
IOUT 500mA/div
0A
0A IOUT
IOUTMIN = 180mA

20µs/div 20μs/div

Figure 30. Load Step Without Voltage Positioning Figure 31. Load Step with Voltage Positioning

OUTPUT
INPUT L1 0.75V TO VIN
2.6V TO 5.5V 3.3µH
1.2A 1.0
INP LX
CHANGE IN OUTPUT VOLTAGE (%)

C1 0.5
R1 MAX1556 C2
100Ω 10µF
MAX1556A 22µF
0
VIN = 3.6V
IN PGND -0.5 VIN = 5.5V

C4
-1.0
0.47µF D1
VOLTAGE OUT VIN = 2.6V
SELECT -1.5
D2
SS
ON C3 -2.0
OFF SHDN 1000pF
GND -2.5
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
LOAD CURRENT (mA)

Figure 32. MAX1556/MAX1556A Typical Operating Circuit Figure 33. MAX1556 Voltage Positioning Load Line

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USB Type-C Port Controller Power Supply Key Features of MAX77596

Prevailing USB Type-C technology provides greater power • Wide Input Voltage Range
transfer by increasing USB voltage from 5V to either 9V, – VIN = 3.5V to 24V
15V, or 20V. Mobile devices employ USB port controllers to • Extends Battery Life
negotiate battery-charging conditions. Moreover, the port – IQ = 1.1μA
controller power supply requires a wide input voltage range – 86% Peak Efficiency (12VIN, 3.3VOUT)
to support USB Power Delivery 3.0 (PD) specifications. The
• Small Solution Size
MAX77596 (Figure 34) regulates output voltage from the
– 1.7MHz Operating Frequency
default 5V USB voltage or up to 24V to meet all PD 3.0 voltage
– 10-Pin TDFN (2mm x 2.5mm)
range specifications. In addition, the port controller is always-
on to monitor when a device is plugged in. This requires a low • Integrated Protection
IQ to reduce power consumption and extend battery life. The – Short-Circuit, Thermal Protection
MAX77596 provides a 1.1μA quiescent current to continuously – Soft-Start
power the port controller without excessive battery drain. The – Tolerates 42V Input Transients
features of the MAX77596 make it an ideal power supply for
USB port controllers.

VBUS (5V/9V/15V/20V)
USB MAX1736
SWITCH (WIDE VIN CHARGER)

BATT POWER MAX77596

ON (WIDE VIN LOW IQ)

BATT
TYPE-C RECEPTACLE
(USB-PD) USB TYPE-C
PORT
D+/- CONTROLLER

Figure 34. MAX77596 Wide VIN Buck Converter for USB Type-C Port Controller

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Improve Boost Efficiency in Battery Applications Key Features of MAX8969

with Auto-Track • Flexible System Integration
Battery-operated devices often require boost converters to – Up to 1A Output Current
increase battery voltage for peripheral device power. The – 2.5V to 5.5V Input Voltage Range
boost converter must maintain high efficiency throughout – 3.3V to 5.7V Output Voltage Options
battery life, where battery voltage will vary. The MAX8969 • Extend Battery Life
(Figure 35) features Auto-Track Mode (ATM) to maintain – Over 90% Efficient
high efficiency for a wide range of input voltages. ATM turns – True Shutdown™
on the output FET when the input voltage exceeds 95% of – Light-Load Skip Mode
the output voltage. This allows the output voltage to follow
• Small Package and Components
the input voltage and eliminates switching losses for higher
– 9-Bump 1.25mm x 1.25mm WLP Package
efficiency. When the input voltage is between 80% and 95%
– 3MHz PWM Switching Frequency
of the output voltage, switching occurs at a reduced frequency,
which reduces switching losses and provides greater • Integrated Protection
efficiency. Switching between regulation states provides – Soft-Start
high efficiencies across battery life, where battery voltage is – Input Undervoltage Lockout
expected to fluctuate. – Short-Circuit Protection
– Overtemperature Shutdown

L1
1µH

INPUT OUTPUT
2.5V TO 5.5V LX_ 3.7V, 1A
IN OUT_
CIN COUT
4.7µF 22µF
MAX8969

EN

TREN
GND_

Figure 35. MAX8969 Auto-Track Boost Converter Typical Application Circuit

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Increase Battery Life with True Shutdown When shutdown mode is enabled, the traditional boost
converter exhibits current draw through the body diode,
Step-up converters exhibit a DC path between input and
whereas the True Shutdown boost blocks current. This extends
output through the inductor and output FET body diode. If a
battery life by reducing quiescent power draw from the battery
load is present, this path will source current from the input
when the boost converter is not active.
even when the converter is off. In synchronous switching, the
body diode of the output NFET is forward-biased in shutdown Benefits of True Shutdown:
and allows current flow from the battery to the output. If the • Reduces System Size and Cost
load cannot be shut down, an external switch is required to – No Load Switch Required
avoid depleting the battery during shutdown. A proprietary
• Increases Battery Life
design uses an output PFET to position the body diode and
– No Current Draw From Load (When Converter Off)
prevent conduction. This allows the output to fall to GND in
shutdown and eliminates the connection between the input • Battery Protection
and output. True Shutdown is critical for battery-powered – Load Separation (When Converter Off)
devices that require a higher bus voltage than what is provided
by the battery. Figures 36 and 37 demonstrate a typical boost
converter and the True Shutdown boost. The output voltage is
only required for short durations; thus, shutdown occurs often.

TYPICAL BOOST SHUTDOWN: IOUT > 0A

LX_ P1 BODY DIODE OUT_

IN

N1 = SWITCHING LOAD
P1 = SWITCHING

Figure 36. Typical Boost Converter in Shutdown

TRUE SHUTDOWN:
IOUT = 0A

LX_ P1 BODY DIODE

OUT_
IN

N1 = OFF LOAD
P1 = OFF

Figure 37. True Shutdown Boost Converter

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High-Efficiency Buck-Boost Regulator Key Features of MAX77801

• Design Flexibility
In many battery applications, it is necessary to regulate a
−− Up to 2A of Output Current
system voltage that is within the voltage range of the battery.
−− Digitally Adjustable VOUT (2.6V to 4.1875V,
This becomes a challenge, since the battery voltage can be 12.5mV Steps)
above or below the system voltage, depending on the battery’s −− High-Speed I2C Interface (Up to 3.4MHz)
SOC. For these applications, it becomes essential to have a
• Extended Battery Life
converter with both buck and boost functionality.
−− 55μA Quiescent Current
A common solution to this issue is the use of a buck-boost −− Up to 97% Peak Efficiency
regulator to provide output voltage regulation. The MAX77801 • Small Solution Size
(Figure 38) utilizes a 4-switch H-bridge configuration to −− 2.5MHz Switching Frequency
support both buck and boost operating modes using only a −− WLP and TQFN Packages
single inductor. The unique control algorithm allows high-
• Integrated Protection
efficiency, outstanding line-/load-transient response and −− POK Output
seamlessly transitions between buck and boost modes. The −− Soft-Start
MAX77801 also features a dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) −− True Shutdown
logic input to switch between two pre-programmed voltages −− Thermal Shutdown
with programmable rising/falling slew-rate control. −− Short-Circuit Protection
Altogether, these features are offered in either a small WLP or
TQFN package.

1µH

LXBB1 LXBB2
VIN INBB OUTBB VOUT
VSYS FB_BB 47µF
10µF 1µF PGNDBB

MAX77801
VIO VIO
0.1µF
1.5kΩ 1.5kΩ 100kΩ
POK EN
POK EN
SDA DVS
SDA DVS
SCL
SCL GND

Figure 38. MAX77801 Typical Operating Circuit

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Mobile Power Product Selector Guide www.maximintegrated.com

Table 5. Buck Converter—Remote Sensing and Voltage Positioning Product Selector

Smallest
Available
VIN VIN VOUT1 VOUT1 IOUT1 ICC Oper. Package
Part (min) (max) (min) (max) Preset VOUT (max) Switch Sync. (max) DC-DC Freq. (max with
Number (V) (V) (V) (V) (V) (A) Type Switch. (mA) Outputs (kHz) Package/ Pins pins) (mm2)
REMOTE SENSING SOLUTIONS

MAX8952 2.5 5.5 0.77 1.4 2.5 Internal Yes 0.08 1 3250 WLP/16 4.5

1.05, 1.23,
MAX8649 2.5 5.5 0.75 1.38 1.8 Internal Yes 0.07 1 3250 WLP/16 4.5
1.27

MAX8973A 2.6 4.5 0.6 1.4 1, 1.2 9 Internal Yes 0.19 1 2000 WLP/28 6.6

VOLTAGE POSITIONING SOLUTIONS

MAX1556_ 2.6 5.5 0.75 5.5 1.8, 2.5, 3.3 1.2 Internal Yes 0.016 1 1000 TDFN-EP/10 9.6

MAX1557 2.6 5.5 0.75 5.5 1, 1.3, 1.5 0.6 Internal Yes 0.016 1 1000 TDFN-EP/10 9.6

MAX1733 2.7 5.5 1.25 2 0.25 Internal Yes 0.07 1 1200 SOT23/5 9

MAX8560 2.7 5.5 0.6 2.5 0.5 Internal Yes 0.08 1 4000 TSOT/5 8.3

1, 1.1,
μDFN/6,
MAX8640Y 2.7 5.5 0.8 2.5 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, 0.5 Internal Yes 0.048 1 2000 1.6
SC70/6
1.8, 2.5

1.1, 1.2, 1.3, μDFN/6,

MAX8640Z 2.7 5.5 1.1 1.8 0.5 Internal Yes 0.048 1 4000 1.6
1.5, 1.8 SC70/6
3.3,
MAX77596 3.5 24 1 10 0.3 Internal Yes 0.003 1 1700 TDFN/10
5

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Table 6. Boost Converter Product Selector

Smallest
Shutdown Available
VIN VIN VOUT1 VOUT1 Preset IOUT1 Supply Operating Package
Part (min) (max) (min) (max) VOUT (max) ICC (max) Current DC-DC Frequency (max with pins)
Number (V) (V) (V) (V) (V) (A) (mA) (typ) (μA) Outputs (kHz) Package/Pins (mm2)
BOOST CONVERTER FOR VOLTAGE POSITIONING

MAX8969 2.5 5.5 3.3 5 3.3, 5 1 0.045 5 1 3000 WLP/9 1.7

BOOST CONVERTERS WITH TRUE SHUTDOWN

MAX1606 0.8 5.5 1.25 28 0.02 0.32 0.1 1 500 μMAX®/8 15.6

MAX1795 0.7 5.5 2 5.5 3.3, 5 0.18 0.045 2 1 μMAX/8 15.6

1.8, 1.9,
MAX1947 0.7 3.6 1.8 3.3 2.5, 2.7, 0.25 0.11 1 TDFN-EP/8 9.6
3, 3.3

MAX8570
SOT23/6,
MAX8571 2.7 5.5 2.7 28 15 0.025 0.035 0.05 1 4.2
μDFN/6
MAX8574

MAX8614 2.7 5.5 3 24 0.125 0.8 0.1 2 1000 TDFN-EP/14 9.6

MAX8969 2.5 5.5 3.3 5 3.3, 5 1 0.045 0.8 1 3000 WLP/9 1.7

MAX17220
MAX17221
0.085,
MAX17222 WLP/6,
0.4 5.5 1.8 5 0.2, 0.0006 0.001 1 2000 1.23
MAX17223 μDFN/6
0.4
MAX17224
MAX17225

Table 7. Buck-Boost Converter Product Selector

VIN VIN VOUT1 VOUT1 Preset IOUT1 Output Power- ICC Oper. Smallest Available
Part (min) (max) (min) (max) VOUT (max) Adjust. Good (max) DC-DC Freq. Package (max with
Number (V) (V) (V) (V) (V) (A) Method Signal (mA) Outputs (kHz) Package/Pins pins) (mm2)
BUCK-BOOST CONVERTERS

MAX1701 0.7 5.5 2.2 5.5 0.8 Resistor Yes 0.11 1 400 QSOP/16 30.9

MAX1705 0.7 5.5 2.5 5.5 0.8 Resistor Yes 0.19 1 400 QSOP/16 30.9

MAX1706 0.7 5.5 2.5 5.5 0.4 Resistor Yes 0.19 1 400 QSOP/16 30.9

1.25,
MAX1765 1 5.5 1.25 5 0.8 Resistor No 0.2 1 1000 QSOP/16 30.9
2.85

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Mobile Power Product Selector Guide www.maximintegrated.com

LED Drivers electromagnetic and interference issues. High step-up ratios

and efficiency are easily maintained over a wide range of
Mobile and handheld applications often incorporate LEDs for
input-to-output voltage ratios. Furthermore, higher output
either backlighting, camera flash, or status indicators
voltages allow for more LEDs in a series configuration.
(Figure 39). Our LED drivers are optimized to achieve high
efficiencies at a reduced system footprint for a variety of Charge-pump solutions are simpler to implement, often
portable applications. LED drivers include switch-mode smaller and with lower costs, since they rely only on small
(inductor-based), charge-pump (capacitor-based), and capacitors for voltage conversion. Charge-pump converters
linear topologies to deliver optimum performance for any are typically only efficient when generating discrete multiples
application. of their input voltages (e.g., 1.5x, 2x). However, newer
charge-pump controllers have emerged to provide higher
White LED (WLED) drivers provide high efficiency and
efficiencies for a wide range of input-to-output voltage ratios.
brightness matching for backlighting in LCD displays. To
Charge-pump solutions are generally used in the LED parallel
control brightness, these drivers regulate LED currents.
configuration.
The LEDs may be arranged in either a serial and/or parallel
configuration. Linear current regulator solutions have the advantage of
simplicity, small size, and low cost. They are much less efficient
Traditionally, inductor-based LED drivers have been the
than the switching solutions, but provide tight current regulation
best choice for efficiency and battery life. Since they require
to reduce brightness variation and avoid EMI concerns.
an inductor, careful layout and design is needed to avoid

BACKLIGHT
INDICATORS

LED DRIVERS

WLED FLASH

Figure 39. Typical LED Driver Applications

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LED Driver Topologies VBATT

L
D1
VOUT

Inductor-Based (MAX1698/MAX1698A) (Figure 40) VCC VCC EXT

COUT

• Many LEDs On One String MAX1698

MAX1698A
– Large Output Voltage OFF
ON
SHDN CS ILED

REF PGND
• Supports Bright LEDs
ADJ
– High Output Current FB
GND
RFB RN

• Superior Heavy Load Efficiency

• Wide Input Voltage Range
Figure 40. MAX1698/MAX1698A Inductor-Based LED Driver
• Higher Cost
• Greater EMI C3 C2
1μF 1μF

• Greater Design Complexity

C1P C1N C2P C2N TP7
VIN
2.7V TO 5.5V IN INVERTING NEG

Charge Pump (MAX8647/MAX8648) (Figure 41) C1

1μF
CHARGE PUMP C4
1μF
EP

• Small Form-Factor
GND

SEL

– Few External Capacitors Required 1MHz

MIN

OSCILATOR

• Superior Light-Load Efficiency CURRENT

REGULATOR VIN

• Total LEDs in String Limited By Rated Output Current LED1

VDD (ENA)

• Exhibits EMI Due to Switching

I2C OR BIAS
SCL (ENB) CURRENT
SERIAL PULSE
SOURCE
INTERFACE CONTROL
SDA (ENC) AND
CURRENT LED2

• Optimum Efficiency Over a Narrow Range of Input

CONTROL
REGULATOR

THERMAL

Voltages SHUTDOWN

LED3
CURRENT
REGULATOR

• Resistor Required for Each LED

– Conduction Losses Reduce Efficiency MAX8647 CURRENT LED4
REGULATOR

MAX8648
Linear Control (MAX1916) (Figure 42) CURRENT LED5

• Controlled Current Source REGULATOR

– ±3% Tight Current Regulation CURRENT LED6

– Reduced Brightness Variation

( ) ARE FOR THE MAX8648 REGULATOR

• No EMI Concerns
Figure 41. MAX8647/MAX8648 Charge-Pump LED Driver
• Total LEDs in String Limited by Input Voltage
• Low Efficiency
VCTRL V+
ON
OFF

RSET

EN SET LED1 LED2 LED3

THERMAL
SHUTDOWN

1X 230X 230X 230X

MAX1916
1.215V
UVLO REF

GND

Figure 42. MAX1916 Linear LED Driver

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Transmissive LCD LED Backlight Driver the MAX8901A in a typical transmissive LCD backlight
application. The MAX8901A provides up to 24.75mA and a
Transmissive LCD technology requires an LED backlight to
maximum efficiency of 91%. The device operates with a 70μA
view graphics on the display when there is little to no external
quiescent current for minimal parasitic power draw from
light available. Transmissive LCD displays are common to
the battery. The low-power shutdown mode only requires
mobile devices that provide visual feedback to the user. Proper
10nA of shutdown current and blocks current into the LEDs.
LED lighting control is required to regulate brightness with
Protection features include LED overvoltage protection, input
little variation and provide protection to the LED backlight
undervoltage/overvoltage lockout, internal soft-start, and
string. Our LED drivers provide the protection and control
thermal shutdown. Figure 43 illustrates LED dimming via a
required by LED backlight displays with high efficiencies
PWM input from a microcontroller.
and low IQ for single-cell lithium battery operation. An
example application is shown in Figure 43 to demonstrate

22μH

IN DISPLAY BACKLIGHT

Li+ LX
BATTERY 1μF
OVP 0.1μF

MAX8901A

PWM DIMMING
MCU ON
CS

20Ω

Figure 43. Transmissive LCD LED Backlight Using MAX8901A LED Driver

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Single WLED Camera Flash Driver Shutdown Mode: Reduces supply current to 0.1μA, which
dramatically reduces power consumption to increase battery
Many of today’s mobile devices integrate cameras for
life.
photography, surveillance, documentation, imaging, and a
variety of other applications. These devices operate in both
light and dark environments; therefore, cameras must be able Additional Features:
to illuminate dim or dark scenery. Digital cameras typically • Supports High-Power White LEDs
use WLEDs for illumination, due to their relatively small size – Flash Mode Current Up to 1.5A
and high light-conversion efficiency. The MAX8607 – 84% Efficiency at 1.1A
(Figure 44) provides the high pulse current required by
high-current WLEDs for camera flash applications. To allow • Low-Power Shutdown (0.1μA)
versatility in camera lighting designs, the MAX8607 provides • Small External Components
four modes of operation: – 1MHz PWM at All Loads
Flash Mode: Provides a 1.5A peak pulse current for driving • Integrated Protection
WLEDs in camera flash applications. – LED Temperature Derating Thermal Protection
Movie Mode: Provides a continuous 360mA current to – Output Under/Overvoltage Protection (2.38V/5.7V)
provide a constant light source. – Soft-Start

Disco Mode: Drives 80mA of continuous LED current, while

maintaining the output voltage at a fixed 5V. Disco mode
allows constant LED illumination with the ability to provide up
to 1A current for auxiliary functions using the 5V rail.

WHITE LED FLASH

2.2μH
LX
OUT
Li+ OUTS
10μF 10μF
BATTERY

MAX8607

I/O CONTROL
LED
MCU EN1/EN2

Figure 44. MAX8607 Typical Operating Circuit

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LED Ambient Temperature Derating Protection Thermal derating in our LED drivers extend LED lifetime by
reducing LED current in proportion to an increase in junction
The final operating temperature for an LED is often not well
temperature. It is especially critical to understand thermal
known during the evaluation stage, and may vary considerably
derating in mobile systems, since end applications avoid
from one environment to another. Mobile devices operate in
forced cooling due to size constraints. The temperature
numerous environments, which requires designers to consider
derating function of select LED drivers allows LED current
a range of temperatures and their impact on LED performance.
to be safely set higher at normal operating temperatures,
Overheating may result in damage or a degraded LED lifetime;
thereby allowing either a brighter display or fewer LEDs
thus, care must be placed on the junction temperature of an
to be used for normal display brightness. In addition, an
LED to ensure reliability.
exposed paddle provides thermal conduction between the
Figure 45 demonstrates the maximum allowable LED current die junction and PCB, which allows the die temperature to be
vs. ambient temperature for LEDs with various junction-to- very close to board temperature. This also allows the derating
ambient thermal resistances. An LED with greater thermal function to be based on the ambient system temperature.
resistance will have a greater rise in junction temperature Figure 46 demonstrates a comparison between the ambient
for the same amount of dissipated power and ambient temperature derating curve of the MAX8595 and MAX8596
temperature; therefore, it will require derating at a lower without temperature derating. The designer must ensure that
ambient temperature. LED manufacturers typically provide a the temperature derating of the LED driver complies with the
thermal derating curve like the one shown Figure 45 to ensure manufacturer’s specifications.
designers do not overheat the LED.

MAXIMUM CURRENT LED CURRENT

vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
1200 26

24 MAX8596,
1000 ILED = 25mA,
MAXIMUM CURRENT (mA)

22 TA = +25°C
LED CURRENT (mA)

800 20

18
600 MAX8595,
16 ILED = 15mA

400 14
RJ-A = 10°C/W
RJ-A = 15°C/W 12
200 RJ-A = 20°C/W
10
RJ-A = 25°C/W
0 8
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)

Figure 45. Example of LED Temperature Derating from LED Manufacturer Figure 46. LED Temperature Derating Profile for MAX8595/MAX8596

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Dual-Phase Step-Up Converter and LED Driver Key Features of MAX77387

Highly integrated mobile devices have a variety of features that
• Extended Battery Life
place great demand on the device’s battery. A typical feature
−− Adaptive Output Voltage Regulation
many mobile devices share is an integrated LED for either
−− Over 90% Peak Efficiency
camera flash or torch-lighting applications. The bright LED
−− Skip Mode for Light Loads
flash requires a burst of battery current that may result in a
−− True Shutdown
battery undervoltage condition. To prevent such an event from
occurring, the designer must account for all peak system loads • I2C Programmable
and ensure they do not overload the battery. −− Output Current
−− Safety Timer
The MAX77387 dual-phase step-up converter (Figure 47) −− Ramp-Up/Down Rate
with integrated LED drivers has a variety of features to limit −− High-Speed I2C Interface (Up to 3.4MHz)
LED current under various system events. Dual Tx logic inputs • Small Solution Size
are used to limit LED flash current during high-current events, −− 4MHz Switching Frequency Per Phase
such as a GSM or WCDMA transmission. Additionally, the −− Small 0.47µH Inductor Per Phase
device features MAXFLASH 2.0 technology, which adjusts −− 2.1mm x 1.73mm WLP Package
LED current based on a user-defined input voltage threshold.
Together these features provide increased protection to • Integrated Protection
prevent a battery undervoltage condition. Furthermore, an I2C −− NTC Monitoring for LED Temperature
interface allows the user to dynamically adjust a host of control −− Overvoltage Protection
and protection features to allow system flexibility. −− Thermal Shutdown
−− Open/Short LED Detection

MAX77387

0.47μH LX_A
4MHz OUT_A
DC-DC
PGND_A STEP UP
CONVERTER

BATTERY
2.5V TO 5.5V 0.47μH LX_B
4MHz OUT_B
DC-DC
PGND_B STEP UP
CONVERTER MAX77387

IN
REGIN

UVLO AND
MAXFLASH FLED1
AGND

FLED2
VDD

SDA
SCL

TX1_MASK
REGISTERS
AND
TX2_MASK
CONTOL
LOGIC
TORCH_EN

FLASH_STB

NTC

Figure 47. MAX77387 Typical Operating Circuit

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Mobile Power Product Selector Guide www.maximintegrated.com

Table 8. LED Driver Product Selector

ILED Smallest
per Available
LED Configuration Channel Dimming ICC LED String Oper. Package
Regulation (MAX LEDs/ LED (max) Ratio Dimming POUT VIN Range (max) Voltage Freq. (max with
Part Number Topology Channels) (A) (max) Control (W) (V) (mA) (max) (V) (kHz) Package/Pins pins) (mm2)

TEMPERATURE DERATING LED DRIVERS

Series Analog,
MAX1579 Inductor-based 0.025 0.9 2.7 to 5.5 5 32 1000 TQFN/24 16.8
(8 LEDs, 1 Ch.) PWM
Series Analog,
MAX8596 Inductor-based 0.025 1 2.6 to 6 0.7 32 1000 TDFN-EP/8 9.6
(9 LEDs, 1 Ch.) PWM

Inductor-based, Parallel
MAX8607 1.5 Digital 6 2.7 to 5.5 4 5.5 1000 TDFN-EP/14 9.6
linear (1 LED, 1 Ch.)

Parallel I2C
MAX8647 Charge pump 0.024 240 0.6 2.7 to 5.5 0.1 5 1000 TQFN/16 9.6
(6 LEDs/6 Ch.) serial
Parallel Serial
MAX8648 Charge pump 0.024 240 0.6 2.7 to 5.5 0.2 5 1000 TQFN/16 9.6
(6 LEDs/6 Ch.) pulse
Parallel I2C
MAX8821 Charge pump 0.025 256 0.6 2.7 to 5.5 0.12 5.5 1000 TQFN/28 16.8
(6 LEDs/6 Ch.) serial
LED DRIVERS
Series Analog,
MAX1554 Inductor-based 0.02 10 0.8 2.7 to 5.5 0.65 40 250 TDFN-EP/8 9.6
(10 LEDs, 1 Ch.) PWM
Series Analog,
MAX1561 Inductor-based 0.02 0.9 2.6 to 5.5 0.55 26 1000 TDFN-EP/8 9.6
(6 LEDs, 1 Ch.) PWM
Series Analog,
MAX1599 Inductor-based 0.02 0.9 2.6 to 5.5 0.55 26 500 TDFN-EP/8 9.6
(6 LEDs, 1 Ch.) PWM
Series-parallel
MAX1698 Inductor-based 0.35 20 Analog 5 2.7 to 5.5 0.5 60 300 μMAX/10 15.4
(50 LEDs, 4 Ch.)
Series Analog,
MAX8595 Inductor-based 0.025 1 2.6 to 6 0.7 32 1000 TDFN-EP/8 9.6
(9 LEDs, 1 Ch.) PWM

PWM, See the

Series
MAX8901A Inductor-based 0.025 serial 0.6 2.6 to 5.5 0.135 24 750 MAX8901A
(6 LEDs, 1 Ch.)
pulse data sheet

40 www.maximintegrated.com/mobilepower
Mobile Power Product Selector Guide www.maximintegrated.com

List of Figures
Figure 1. Typical CPU Power Rails Provided by a PMIC ...............................................................................................................................................3
Figure 2. Smartphone Block Diagram Using MAX8660 PMIC................................................................................................................................. 4
Figure 3. Tethered Bluetooth Headset Application Using the MAX77650 SIMO............................................................................................... 5
Figure 4. Untethered Bluetooth Headset Application Using MAX77650 SIMO..................................................................................................6
Figure 5. MAX8662 Typical Operating Circuit..............................................................................................................................................................7
Figure 6. Portable Music Player Application Using MAX8662 PMIC......................................................................................................................8
Figure 7. Power Path When ILOAD > IDC...........................................................................................................................................................................9
Figure 8. Power Path When ILOAD < IDC...........................................................................................................................................................................9
Figure 9. Power Path With Battery, But No External Supply.......................................................................................................................................9
Figure 10. Power Path With External Supply, But No Battery.....................................................................................................................................9
Figure 11. Li+ Battery Charging and Fuel Gauging........................................................................................................................................................11
Figure 12. Charging Stages for Safe Charging................................................................................................................................................................11
Figure 13. Typical Handheld Gaming System Using MAX8971 Battery Charger................................................................................................ 12
Figure 14. Wireless Sensor Node Using MAX8814 Linear Battery Charger......................................................................................................... 13
Figure 15. Digital Camera Application Using the MAX8903 Switch-Mode Charger......................................................................................... 13
Figure 16. MAX77818 Typical Operating Circuit.........................................................................................................................................................14
Figure 17. Wireless Speaker Application Using MAX77818 Battery Charger and Fuel Gauge........................................................................ 15
Figure 18. MAX17055 Fuel Gauge in a Battery Pack System....................................................................................................................................18
Figure 19. MAX17055 Fuel Gauge in a Captive Battery System..............................................................................................................................18
Figure 20. Counterfeit Battery Prevention Using Authentication...........................................................................................................................19
Figure 21. Authentication Procedure Block Diagram.................................................................................................................................................20
Figure 22. Battery Pack Authentication Using the MAX17201 Fuel Gauge.........................................................................................................20
Figure 23. MAX17048 Fuel Gauge in Hibernate Mode.............................................................................................................................................. 21
Figure 24. MAX17048 Fuel Gauge in Active Mode.................................................................................................................................................... 21
Figure 25. MAX17215 Multi-Cell Fuel Gauge for Robot/Drone Applications..................................................................................................... 22
Figure 26. Typical DC-DC Converters for Battery-Powered Applications........................................................................................................... 25
Figure 27. Buck Converter with Ground Impedance Affects Feedback Signal.................................................................................................... 26
Figure 28. MAX8649/MAX8649A with Differential Feedback to Bypass GND Impedance......................................................................... 26
Figure 29. Proper Kelvin Sense Connections............................................................................................................................................................... 26
Figure 30. Load Step Without Voltage Positioning.................................................................................................................................................... 27
Figure 31. Load Step with Voltage Positioning............................................................................................................................................................. 27
Figure 32. MAX1556/MAX1556A Typical Operating Circuit.................................................................................................................................. 27

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Mobile Power Product Selector Guide www.maximintegrated.com

List of Figures (continued)

Figure 33. MAX1556 Voltage Positing Load Line........................................................................................................................................................ 27
Figure 34. MAX77596 Wide VIN Buck Converter for USB Type-C Port Controller........................................................................................... 28
Figure 35. MAX8969 Auto-Track Boost Converter Typical Application Circuit................................................................................................ 29
Figure 36. Typical Boost Converter in Shutdown........................................................................................................................................................30
Figure 37. True Shutdown Boost Converter..................................................................................................................................................................30
Figure 38. MAX77801 Typical Operating Circuit........................................................................................................................................................ 31
Figure 39. Typical LED Driver Applications.................................................................................................................................................................. 34
Figure 40. MAX1698/MAX1698A Inductor-Based LED Driver............................................................................................................................. 35
Figure 41. MAX8647/MAX8648 Charge-Pump LED Driver................................................................................................................................... 35
Figure 42. MAX1916 Linear LED Driver........................................................................................................................................................................ 35
Figure 43. Transmissive LCD LED Backlight Using MAX8901A LED Driver....................................................................................................... 36
Figure 44. MAX8607 Typical Operating Circuit........................................................................................................................................................ 37
Figure 45. Example of LED Temperature Derating from LED Manufacturer....................................................................................................... 38
Figure 46. LED Temperature Derating Profile for MAX8595/MAX8596............................................................................................................ 38
Figure 47. MAX77387 Typical Operating Circuit....................................................................................................................................................... 39

42 www.maximintegrated.com/mobilepower
Mobile Power Product Selector Guide www.maximintegrated.com

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Trademarks
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ModelGauge, Smart Power Selector, True Shutdown are trademarks and EE-Sim, 1-Wire, μMAX are registered trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

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www.maximintegrated.com/mobilepower
Rev 1; July 2019

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