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Answers For Tutorial No. 2: ME1202 Introduction To Thermodynamics - Academic Year 2017

1) A cylinder containing air is fitted with a piston connected to a spring. Heat supplied causes the piston to move, compressing the spring. The problem is to determine the heat required for the piston to move 2cm. 2) A closed system undergoes four processes - heating at constant volume, cooling while work is done at constant pressure, and an adiabatic process returning it to the initial state. The problem is to analyze the processes on P-V diagrams, determine internal energies, and calculate work done. 3) Air at an initial state of temperature and pressure is given heat at constant volume. The problem is to determine the final temperature and pressure if volume or pressure remains constant, and to calculate

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1K views

Answers For Tutorial No. 2: ME1202 Introduction To Thermodynamics - Academic Year 2017

1) A cylinder containing air is fitted with a piston connected to a spring. Heat supplied causes the piston to move, compressing the spring. The problem is to determine the heat required for the piston to move 2cm. 2) A closed system undergoes four processes - heating at constant volume, cooling while work is done at constant pressure, and an adiabatic process returning it to the initial state. The problem is to analyze the processes on P-V diagrams, determine internal energies, and calculate work done. 3) Air at an initial state of temperature and pressure is given heat at constant volume. The problem is to determine the final temperature and pressure if volume or pressure remains constant, and to calculate

Uploaded by

manaraj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Answers for Tutorial No.

2
ME1202 Introduction to Thermodynamics -Academic Year 2017

Use following information for air when necessary:

Q2 A cylinder of 8cm diameter is fitted with a piston loaded by a coil spring of


stiffness 140kN/m of compression. The cylinder contains 0.0005m3 of air at 15oC
and 3bar. Find the amount of heat which must be supplied for the piston to
move a distance of 2cm.

Volume after moving the piston:

Page 1 of 9
Applying NFEE

Q3 A closed system receives 168.7kJ of heat at constant volume. It then rejects 177kJ of
heat while it 40kJ of work is done on it at constant pressure. An adiabatic process
restores the system to its initial state.
(i) Sketch the processes on P – V axes
(ii) Determine internal energy of the system after constant volume process and
adiabatic processes taking initial internal energy as zero
(iii) Work done during the adiabatic process

Answer

Heat supplied = 168.7kJ at constant volume


Heat rejected = 177kJ while 40kJ of work done on the system at constant pressure
Adiabatic process restores the system

(i)
p
3 2

V
(ii) For process 1 – 2 apply NFEE (Non-Flow Energy Equation)

For process 2 – 3, apply NFEE

Page 2 of 9
(iii) For process 3 – 1

Alternative method

Net heat in = Net work out [because of a closed cycle]

Q4. 1800kJ of heat is transferred to 1m3 of air at 14bar and 200oC.

Find
(a) Final temperature and pressure if the volume remains constant
(b) Final temperature and volume if the pressure remains constant.

When the air is then expanded isothermally to a pressure of 7bar, what is the final
volume in each case?

Answer

Q=1800kJ
Q2. (a)

V1 = 1m3 V2 = 1m3
p 1= 14bar p 2= ?
T1 = 200oC T2 = ?

When volume remains constant,

Using NFEE

Page 3 of 9
From (1)

(b) When pressure remains constant,

For isothermal processes

From (2) to (4) isothermal process

Page 4 of 9
From (3) to (5) isothermal process

Q5. 0.75kg of air has a pressure of 3bar and a temperature of 125oC. After it has
received 900kJ of heat at constant volume, find the final temperature and
pressure.

If the air then expands adiabatically doing 915kJ of work, by how much is its
internal energy changed during the expansion.

Answer

Applying NFEE from (1) to (2),

Page 5 of 9
Applying NFEE from (2) to (3),

Q6. One kg of gas expands adiabatically, falling its temperature from 240oC to 115oC
while its volume is doubled. The gas does 90kJ of work in the process. Find the
value of cv and cp, and the molar mass of the gas.

Answer

W= 90kJ

T1 = 240C T1 = 115C
V1 = V V2 = 2V
m1 = 1kg Q =0 m2 = 1kg

Applying NFEE from (1) to (2),

Applying ideal gas equation

Page 6 of 9
From (1) and (2)

Molar mass

Q7. A mass of 0.12kg of steam initially saturated at 10bar expands reversibly in a


cylinder until the pressure is 1bar. The volume is then found to be 0.17m3.
Assuming that the process is polytropic, find the index of expansion and the heat
transferred during the process.

Answer

Initial specific volume: v1 = 0.1944m3/kg (saturated vapor, from steam tables at 10bar)

v2 = 0.17/0.12 = 1.417m3/kg

Using pVn = C

Since at 1bar

State 2 is in the wet region.

Page 7 of 9
Neglecting vf terms

Work transfer

From first law of thermodynamics

Q8. A piston cylinder device contains 0.1m3 of a gas, initially at 500kPa. A spring exerts a
force on the piston, which is proportional to the displacement of the piston. Heat is
transferred to the gas, causing the piston to rise and compress the spring until the volume
inside the cylinder doubles and pressure becomes 1MPa. If the cross sectional area of the
piston is 0.2m2, determine the spring constant.

Page 8 of 9
Force on the piston

If the initial compression of the spring is x1 and the spring constant is k

Similarly for state 2:

(2) – (1)

But,

Therefore,

Page 9 of 9

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