Scribd
Upload
100 views25 pages

6problem Solving and Reasoning LM

This document discusses inductive and deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning involves forming a general conclusion based on specific examples, while deductive reasoning uses general principles or assumptions to reach a conclusion. Some examples are provided to illustrate inductive reasoning, such as concluding all chairs in a house are blue based on observing specific chairs, and deductive reasoning, like determining someone eats rice by applying the general rule that all Filipinos eat rice. The key difference between these types of reasoning is whether a general conclusion or specific conclusion is being derived from evidence.

Uploaded by

Elsha Damolo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
100 views25 pages

6problem Solving and Reasoning LM

This document discusses inductive and deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning involves forming a general conclusion based on specific examples, while deductive reasoning uses general principles or assumptions to reach a conclusion. Some examples are provided to illustrate inductive reasoning, such as concluding all chairs in a house are blue based on observing specific chairs, and deductive reasoning, like determining someone eats rice by applying the general rule that all Filipinos eat rice. The key difference between these types of reasoning is whether a general conclusion or specific conclusion is being derived from evidence.

Uploaded by

Elsha Damolo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 25

Problem Solving

and Reasoning
Teresita Dulay
Inductive and Deductive
Reasoning
Inductive and Deductive Reasoning
Inductive Reasoning
The type of reasoning that forms a
conclusion based on the examination
of specific examples is called
inductive reasoning.
The conclusion formed by using
inductive reasoning is often called a
conjecture,
since it may or may not be correct.
Definition:
Inductive Reasoning
Inductive reasoning is the process
of reaching a general conclusion
by examining specific examples.
Inductive Reasoning
Examples:
1. The teacher uses power point in
the last three classes.
Inductive Reasoning
Examples:
1. The teacher uses power point in
the last three classes.
Therefore the teacher will use
power point tomorrow.
Inductive Reasoning
Example:
2. The chair in the living room is
blue.
Inductive Reasoning
Example:
2. The chair in the living room is
blue.
The chair in the dining room is blue.
Inductive Reasoning
Example:
2. The chair in the living room is
blue.
The chair in the dining room is blue.
The chair in the bedroom is blue.
Inductive Reasoning
Example:
2. The chair in the living room is
blue.
The chair in the dining room is blue.
The chair in the bedroom is blue.
Therefore, all the chairs in the house
is blue.
Inductive Reasoning
Example 3:
Jose is a grandfather.
Inductive Reasoning
Example 3:
Jose is a grandfather.
Jose is bald.
Inductive Reasoning
Example 3:
Jose is a grandfather.
Jose is bald.
Therefore, all grandfathers are
bald.
Deductive Reasoning:
Deductive Reasoning
Another type of reasoning is called
deductive reasoning.
Deductive reasoning is distinguished
from inductive reasoning in that it
is the process of reaching a
conclusion by applying general
principles and procedures.
Definition:
Deductive Reasoning
Deductive reasoning is the process
of reaching a conclusion by
applying general assumptions,
procedures, or principles.
Examples:
Example: 1
All men are mortal.
(Major premise)
Examples:
Example: 1
All men are mortal.
(Major premise)
President Rody is man.
(Minor premise)
Examples:
Example: 1
All men are mortal.
(Major premise)
President Rody is man.
(Minor premise)
Therefore, Rody is mortal.
(Conclusion)
Can you definitely say that the major
premise is correct?
Examples:
Example: 1
All men are mortal.
(Major premise)
President Rody is man.
(Minor premise)
Therefore, Rody is mortal.
(Conclusion)
Deductive Reasoning
Example 2.
All Filipinos eat rice.
Deductive Reasoning
Example 2.
All Filipinos eat rice.
Juan is a Filipino.
Deductive Reasoning
Example 2.
All Filipinos eat rice.
Juan is a Filipino.
Therefore, Juan eats rice.
Deductive Reasoning
Example 3.
All first-year students in the new
curriculum take mathematics in the
Modern World.
Deductive Reasoning
Example 3.
All first-year students in the new
curriculum take mathematics in the
Modern World.
Rosa is a first year college student in
the new curriculum.
Deductive Reasoning
Example 3.
All first-year students in the new
curriculum take mathematics in the
Modern World.
Rosa is a first year college student in
the new curriculum.
Therefore, Rosa takes Mathematics in
the Modern World.

You might also like