Travel

10
Lead-in
1
a Which words can you see in the photos?

bicycle bus car coach ferry lorry moped

motorbike plane taxi train van

b In pairs, ask and answer questions about what pairs of

words from the box have in common.
A: What do a van and a car have in common?
B: They both use petrol and …

2
a Make verb phrases with the verbs from the box and the forms of transport
from exercise 1. Each verb can be used with several forms of transport.

catch get into/out of get on/off go by miss ride take

b What is the difference between …

commuter/traveller journey/voyage passenger/pedestrian

3
Correct the underlined words. Then ask and answer the questions in pairs.
1 Have you ever lost a plane or train?
2 Do you ever go to work/school on bicycle?
3 Have you ever got in a train without a ticket?
4 Have you ever got out of a moving train or bus?
5 What transport do travellers in your city use to go to work?
6 What do you do when you’re a pedestrian on a long car journey?

99
10.1 Travel companions 10.1
Grammar Present Perfect Simple: just, yet, already
Can do describe a holiday
Grammar | Present Perfect Simple: just, yet,
already
Reading 3
Now read a summary of Lucy’s blog. Which three things are
different from her blog? 5
Look at the sentences (1–4) and complete the Active
1
Work in pairs and discuss the questions. grammar box with just, yet and already.
1 Have you ever been on holiday with
Lucy and Andy are friends from school. They met each other
1 I’ve just met Andy.
friends? What was it like? by chance when they were both in Rio de Janeiro. On Saturday,
Lucy was worried because they decided to travel together. When 2 Andy has already started to annoy me.
2 Who would your perfect travel 3 He hasn’t stopped talking yet.
they were travelling to Salvador, Andy annoyed Lucy because
companion be? Why?
he talked a lot. When he fell asleep on Monday afternoon, he 4 Has Lucy told him yet?
3 Which things from the box would annoy
started talking in his sleep. When they were sunbathing on the
you most about a travel companion?
beach on Tuesday, Lucy was very tired. She was upset because
Andy was complaining about lots of things. On Wednesday Active grammar
he/she talks a lot he/she is lazy
afternoon, Andy was shouting a lot and annoying Lucy. Now, she
he/she snores We often use just, yet and already with the
feels she can’t travel with him anymore.
he/she complains a lot Present Perfect Simple.
4
a Lucy decides she doesn’t want to travel with Andy A __________ means something has happened
before now (probably sooner than expected). It is
2
Read the extract from Lucy’s travel blog. anymore. Work in pairs and write (a) what you think she says
usually used in positive sentences, directly before
Which things about travel companions and (b) how he reacts. Then practise your conversation.
the main verb or at the end of the sentence.
from question 3 in exercise 1 are b 2.28 
Listen to Lucy and Andy’s conversation and B __________ in negative sentences means
mentioned? compare it with yours. What is the same/different? something has not happened, but will
probably happen at some point in the future. Speaking and listening
In questions, we use it to find out if something 8
2.29 
Listen to Lucy telling a friend about
has happened before now. It usually comes at the holiday she’s just had and answer the
My backpacking holiday in Brazil by Lucy Briggs the end of the negative sentence/question.
C __________ means something has happened
questions.
1 Is she generally positive or negative about
a short time ago. It is usually used in positive
her holiday?
Sat 3rd sentences, directly before the main verb.
2 Who were Lucy’s two travel companions?
I can’t believe it! I’m in an internet café in Rio, 3,500 miles from home, and I’ve just
3 What does she say about her photos?
met Andy, an old school friend from years ago. I didn’t know he was here. It’s great
to see him again and it’s good to have a travel companion. We’re going sightseeing see Reference page 107
in Rio this afternoon and we’re going to travel to Salvador together. It’s a long way,
but we’ve decided not to rent a car. We’re going to use local transport and go by Pronunciation | showing interest
bus. I might practise my Portuguese with some of the other passengers. 6
Add just, already or yet to each sentence. Use the notes
Posted in Rio | no comments
in brackets to help you. 9
a 2.30  To show interest, we change the
I’ve bought my plane ticket. (I bought my plane ticket five tone of our voice. Listen and notice the
Mon 5th intonation in two dialogues. Which one
minutes ago.) I’ve just bought my plane ticket.
We’re staying in a really nice hotel here. But there’s bad news. It’s 10:15 a.m. and sounds more interested?
Andy has already started to annoy me. He never stops talking! He didn’t stop talking 1 Simon’s arrived at the bus station. (I saw him arrive a
minute ago.) 1 A: I met an old school friend of mine called
on the bus all the way from Rio to Salvador … that’s nearly twenty-four hours! Oh
well … I’m sure it’ll get better. I hope it will … . More later! 2 Diana hasn’t phoned from the airport. (I expected her
Andy.
Posted in Salvador | no comments to phone earlier.) B: That’s great!
Mon 5th 3 I’ve spent all my holiday money. (I didn’t expect to 2 A: I met a really nice woman called Emily.
Me again! 3:30 p.m. I can’t stand it! Andy hasn’t stopped talking yet. I now know spend it all so early.)
B: That’s great!
everything about his friends, his family, even his neighbour’s cat! He’s just fallen 4 Have you written any postcards? (I’m not sure if you
asleep, but it isn’t really any better because now he’s started snoring! Aggh! wrote them before now.) b Listen again and repeat. Try to copy the
Posted in Salvador | 2 comments 5 My parents have come back from holiday. (They came intonation.
Tues 6th back two hours ago.) see Pronunciation bank page 148
12:30 p.m. – I’m exhausted! I didn’t get any sleep because of HIM. And I’ve just spent 6 She’s booked the flight. (I didn’t expect her to book so
the whole morning sunbathing on a really idyllic beach listening to Andy complaining soon.) 10
a Imagine you’ve just come back from a
about the weather, the food and even the beach! What am I going to do?
holiday and you want to tell your partner
Posted in Salvador | 1 comment 7
Work in A/B pairs and look at page 132. Read the list of about it. Make notes (e.g. Where did you go?
Wed 7th things to do for you and your partner. Ask and answer Who did you go with? What did you do?).
In a café – 2:30 p.m. Now he’s started singing to himself. I have to tell him I can’t questions about the things you have/haven’t done.
b Work in pairs and take turns to talk about
travel with him anymore. It isn’t going to be easy, but he’s driving me crazy. I’ll have A: Have you booked your holiday yet?
to think of a reason for travelling on my own because I really don’t want to offend your holidays. When you’re listening, make
B: Yes, I have. sure you ask questions and make comments
him by telling the truth. I’m not sure what I’m going to say though!
Posted in Salvador | no comments to show you’re being a good listener.

100 101
10.2 Customs worldwide D
10.2
Grammar verbs with two objects
Can do make generalisations about customs
4
a Group A: read the text again. What is the 7
a Find the mistake in each sentence and
A C significance of the words/phrases from the box? correct it.
1 You should always a tip give to your waiter
a clock four flowers a leather briefcase pens after a meal.
red flowers silver goods 2 It’s traditional to send to your mother a
bunch of flowers on Mother’s Day.
b Work with a student from Group B. Ask your partner 3 It’s usual for people a seat on the bus to
the questions about his/her text. offer old people.
1 Should you use first names in Germany? 4 When guests come to my house for dinner, I
2 In which part of the world do people stand closest to like them to me bring a gift.
each other? 5 It’s best to tell to someone the truth if you
B ADVICE FOR 3 Why don’t American people like you to stand too close don’t like the food they’ve cooked.

UK BUSINESS TRAVELLERS 4
to them?
Should you show how strong you are when you shake
6 It’s bad manners to owe to people who are
not in your family money.
hands? b Work in groups. Do you agree with the
GIVING GIFTS
5 Do Asian people ever shake hands? statements from exercise 7a? Why/Why not?
Japan
Unlike the UK, in Japan it is very important to give people gifts 6 Do business people kiss each other in Russia?
and it usually happens at the end of a visit. Pens are a good c Now answer your partner’s questions about your text. 8
a Write five Have you ever …? questions.
idea or something not available in Japan. Japanese people are Use the verbs from the end of the Active
generally quite superstitious, so if you give them flowers, avoid grammar box.
giving four or nine flowers as these are unlucky numbers.
5
In groups, read the saying and discuss the questions.
‘When in Rome, do as the Romans do.’
Have you ever lent someone some money
China which they never paid back?
1 What does the saying mean?
Vocabulary | greetings and gifts Chinese people will probably refuse your gift several times, but
2 Do you agree with it? Why/Why not? b In pairs, ask and answer your questions.
it is polite to continue offering it to them. Do not give clocks to
1
Match the words with the photos (A–E). Chinese people as the Chinese word for ‘clock’ is similar to the

a bow a gift a handshake

word for ‘death’.
Grammar | verbs with two objects Speaking
Middle East
a kiss a wave
Give gifts of highest quality leather, silver or crystal. Remember 6
Look at the Active grammar box. How many of the 9
Look at the How to… box and complete each
to avoid alcohol and leather from pigs. sentences (1–4) are correct? sentence with one word. Check your answers
1 Do not give Chinese people clocks.
with the texts from exercise 3 (pages 102
2
a Complete the sentences with the correct South America and 132).
form of the verbs. Gift-giving is less formal in South America, but still an 2 Do not give them clocks.
important part of the culture. Avoid leather, as many of the 3 Do not give to Chinese people clocks.
bow shake hands (with) kiss world’s best leather products come from South America. 4 Do not give clocks to Chinese people.
How to… make
give a gift wave Australia, Canada, US and Europe
Gift-giving in these countries is informal and not always expected.
generalisations
In Japan, you should give a gift using both However, it is polite to bring your host flowers, chocolates or Active grammar 1 __________ Asians follow the bow
hands. wine when visiting their house. In some European countries, you with a handshake.
should avoid red flowers (associated with romance). Some verbs can be followed by two objects.
1 In most countries, people __________ when 2 People in South America __________
In Japan, it is very important to give people gifts.
they say goodbye. to stand quite close to each other.
E indirect direct
2 In most Western countries, people usually
object object 3 In the Middle East, they __________
__________ when they meet in a business The indirect object is usually a person and stand even closer.
situation. usually comes first, especially when the indirect 4 You __________ only kiss people you
object is a pronoun (me, him, them, etc.). know well.
3 In Asia, people usually __________ when
they meet in a business situation. verb + indirect object + direct object 5 Chinese people will __________
refuse your gift several times.
4 In the UK, men don’t __________ on the It is polite to bring your host flowers./It is polite
cheek when they meet in a business to bring her flowers.
situation.
We can also put the direct object first, but we
b Work in pairs and discuss the questions. need to add to.
10
Work in pairs. Prepare advice for visitors to
your country. Use the topics from the box
1 Which of the customs from exercise 2a exist verb + direct object + to + indirect object and your own ideas.
in your country? Reading It is polite to bring flowers to your host.
2 How do you usually greet your friends/your an important national festival birthdays
colleagues/your boss? 3
Work in two groups and follow the instructions. Common verbs which take two objects are: give,
giving gifts visiting someone’s house
bring, offer, lend, owe, send, show, tell, promise
3 When do you give gifts to people (apart Group A: read the text above. Which customs from
from birthdays)? exercise 2a are mentioned in your text?
Group B: complete exercises 3 and 4 on page 132. see Reference page 107
102 103
10.3 Travel movies 10.3
Grammar Past Perfect Simple
Can do recommend a film
Grammar | Past Perfect Simple Pronunciation | using fillers:
anyway
8
a Look at the sentences (1–4) in the Active grammar box. In
each sentence, which of the actions in bold came first? 11
2.32  We often say anyway as a filler
when we tell a story. Listen to two
b Look at the rules (A and B) in the Active grammar box and
extracts from the radio programme from
choose the correct underlined words.
exercise 2 and tick (3) the correct answer.
We use anyway to show that …
Active grammar a we are responding to someone’s
questions.
1 Before he arrived in Cuba, he had lived in Argentina b we are returning to the story after
with his family. giving some extra, background
2 They had become much more grown up by the time information.
they reached the end of the trip.
see Pronunciation bank page 148
3 Before I saw this film, I hadn’t thought of visiting
South America.
4 Had he starred in any other films, before he made Speaking
this one?

Listening Vocabulary | -ed and -ing adjectives A We use the Past Perfect Simple to talk about an
action (or actions) that happened before/after
1
Look at the photo and answer the questions. 5
Look at the underlined adjectives in the another action in the past.
1 What do you know about the film in the photo? sentences. Which adjective describes (a) B Past Perfect Simple: had + past participle/infinitive
2 Do you think it is a film you would like to see? Why/ how the speaker feels, (b) what makes the
Why not? speaker feel this way?
1 I was inspired by the two main characters. see Reference page 107
2
2.31 
Listen to part of a radio programme called 2 All their adventures were really inspiring.
Travellers’ Tales in which TV reporter, Ben Gardner, is 9
Choose the correct words in italics.
talking about the film The Motorcycle Diaries. Which 6
Choose the correct words in italics. Check your 1 We arrived/had arrived at the cinema late and the film
topics does he mention? answers with audioscript 2.31 on page 158. began/had begun.
1 The film follows them on their amazed/ 2 I saw/had seen a motorbike by the side of the road. It broke
the main actors/characters the scenery amazing eight-month-long trip. down/had broken down.
the name of the director the soundtrack 2 They have some really excited/exciting 3 He read/had read the book, so he knew/had known the plot
the supporting actors/characters adventures. of the film.
where and when the film is set
3 I was fascinated/fascinating to see how 4 I didn’t go/hadn’t been to Argentina before. It was/had been
their personalities grow and change. my first time.
3
Listen again and write true (T) or false (F). 4 The hospital was a depressed/depressing 5 Before I went/had been to the airport, I checked-in/had
place. checked-in online.
1 The Motorcycle Diaries is set in the 1960s.
5 I was surprised/surprising by the incredible 6 She arranged/had arranged something else, so she didn’t
2 The main characters travel through five countries
beauty of this continent. come/hadn’t come to the cinema.
on their trip.
6 I’m sure you won’t be disappointed/
3 Ben is interested in how the men change
throughout the trip.
disappointing. 10
Complete the sentences with the Past Perfect Simple or Past
Simple form of the verbs in brackets.
4 Ben talks about a hospital on the border of Peru
and Colombia.
7
In pairs, ask and answer questions. 1 As soon as I saw her, I __________ (realise) I __________
Student A: look at page 132. (meet) her before.
5 Ben says the actors in supporting roles were very good.
Student B: look at page 134. 2 A: __________ (he/finish) the book when you __________
6 Ben says the best scenery in South America is in
In each answer, use at least two adjectives (see) him?
Colombia and Venezuela.
from the box and give details. B: Yes, he __________ .
12
a Prepare to talk about a film which
you enjoyed or which inspired you.
4
Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 3 When I __________ (arrive) at the station, the train
Look at the topics from exercise 2
amazed/amazing annoyed/annoying __________ (leave).
1 Has the radio programme changed your opinion about and make notes. Include at least two
bored/boring depressed/depressing 4 When the driver __________ (ask) to see my ticket, I realised
question 2 from exercise 1? Why/Why not? sentences with the Past Perfect Simple.
disappointed/disappointing I __________ (lose) it.
2 Which other films about travelling would you b Now work in small groups and talk
excited/exciting frightened/frightening 5 When we __________ (get) there, we realised we __________
recommend? Why? inspired/inspiring interested/interesting about your films.
(not pack) enough warm clothes.
3 Would you like to do a road trip on a motorbike? Why/ relaxed/relaxing surprised/surprising
Why not?
6 I __________ (want) to read a book on the plane, but I c Which film that you heard about do
tired/tiring __________ (forget) to buy one at the airport. you most want to see? Why?

104 105
 10 Communication 10 Reference
Can do talk about a journey

Present Perfect Simple: just, Past Perfect Simple

yet, already We use the Past Perfect Simple to talk about an action
or actions that happened before another action in the
We often use just, yet and already with the Present
past.
Perfect Simple.
When I saw him I realised I’d met him before.
Present Perfect Simple: has/have + past participle.
already means something has happened before now I had met him I saw him now
(probably sooner than expected). It is usually used in x x x
positive sentences, directly before the main verb or at Past Perfect Simple: had + past participle.
the end of the sentence.
By the time we got to the restaurant, I hadn’t eaten
You’ve already told me that. all day.
He’s taken his driving test six times already. Had you been to that cinema before yesterday?
yet in negative sentences means something has not
happened, but will probably happen at some point ! saying/thinking:
The Past Perfect Simple is common after verbs of

in the future. In questions, we use it to find out if

I told her we had bought the tickets.
something has happened before now. It usually comes
She realised she’d met him before somewhere.
at the end of the negative sentence/question.
I haven’t bought the tickets yet. The Past Perfect Simple is common after when:
Have you seen Dave yet? When he’d finished the washing-up, he turned the TV on.
just means something has happened a short time ago.
It is usually used in positive sentences, directly before Key vocabulary
the main verb.
Transport and travel
I’ve just seen a really great film. bicycle bus car coach ferry lorry moped
Have you just arrived? motorbike plane taxi train van
commuter traveller passenger pedestrian
Verbs with two objects journey voyage
catch a bus/a ferry/a plane/a taxi/a train
Some verbs can be followed by two objects (a direct get into or get out of a car/a lorry/a taxi/a van
object and an indirect object).
get on or get off a bicycle/a bus/a coach/a ferry/
1
Look at the photos and answer the questions. The indirect object is usually a person and usually a moped/a motorbike/a plane/a train
1 What problems are the people having? comes first, especially when the indirect object is a go by bicycle/bus/car/coach/ferry/moped/motorbike/
2 What other problems might you have when pronoun (me, you, him, her, it, us, them). plane/taxi/train
travelling? verb + indirect object + direct object miss a bus/a coach/a ferry/a plane/a train
He gave his wife some earrings for her birthday. ride a bicycle/a moped/a motorbike
2
a 2.33 
Listen to a man talking about an He gave her some earrings for her birthday. take a bus/a coach/a ferry/a plane/a taxi/a train
unusual/difficult journey. What two problems did We can also put the direct object first, but we need to Greetings and gifts
he have? add to. shake hands (with someone) a handshake
b Listen again and complete the How to… box. verb + direct object + to + indirect object bow (to someone) a bow kiss (someone) a kiss
He gave some earrings to his wife for her birthday. wave (to someone) a wave give a gift (to someone)
a gift
He gave some earrings to her for her birthday.
How to… tell a story in an -ed and -ing adjectives
engaging way
3
a Prepare to talk about an unusual, difficult or Common verbs which take two objects are:
interesting journey that you’ve had. Make notes amazed amazing annoyed annoying bored
give, bring, offer, lend, owe, send, tell, promise, buy,
for each question. boring depressed depressing disappointed
Start the Something really frightening teach, show, write.
disappointing excited exciting frightened
story in an happened to me the other day. 1 Where were you going and why? Don’t forget that you owe him ten pounds. frightening inspired inspiring interested
engaging way Do you know what happened 2 How did your journey start? Could you lend me that book, please? interesting relaxed relaxing surprised
to me yesterday? 3 What happened next? She showed the photos to everyone in the office. surprising tired tiring
I heard an amazing story last 4 What happened in the end? I wrote a long letter to the train company.
week.
b Add two or three sentences from the How to… Listen to these words.
Emphasise (1) It’s hard to believe, but box to make your story more engaging for your
something _______________ .
listener.
interesting or (2) Believe it or not,
amazing _______________ .
4
a Now work in small groups and tell your stories. see Writing bank page 144
(3) It’s incredible, I know, but
_______________ . b Whose story was the most engaging to listen
to? Why?
106 107
 10 Review and practice
1
Choose the correct words in italics. 4
Complete each sentence with one verb in the Past
A: Where are you going on holiday this year? Simple and one verb in the Past Perfect Simple.
B: I’ve haven’t decided yet/already. I wanted (want) to read something, but I hadn’t
1 A: Do you want to see that film? packed (not pack) my book.
B: No, I’ve seen it yet/already. 1 She __________ (decide) to buy the bag she
2 A: Have you booked the tickets just/yet? __________ (see) the day before.
B: No, I’ll do it today. 2 When I __________ (arrive) at the airport, I
realised I __________ (miss) my plane.
3 A: Why is your hair wet?
3 As soon as I __________ (close) the door, I
B: I’ve just/already had a shower.
remembered I __________ (leave) my keys
4 A: Have you cleaned the kitchen?
inside.
B: No, I haven’t done it already/yet.
4 When I __________ (eat) my breakfast, I
5 A: Would you like some lunch? __________ (feel) better.
B: No, thanks. I’ve yet/just eaten. 5 When I __________ (see) the exam question, I
6 A: I’d like to buy Louise that new CD. realised I __________ (not study) enough.
B: She’s yet/already got it. 6 When she __________ (try) to pay for something
7 A: Have you started jogging just/yet? in the shop, she realised she __________ (forgot)
B: No, I’ll start next week. her credit card.

2
Write complete sentences using the prompts. 5
Find the mistakes in six of the underlined verbs
Make any necessary changes. and correct them.
Tom’s only seventeen and he/visit eleven countries.
(already) to buy my train ticket.
I went to the ticket office
Tom’s only seventeen and he’s already visited for the ticket, I had
When I had tried to pay t
eleven countries. wallet. I remembered tha
realised I didn’t have my me.
eone pushed past
1 I hope Katya is OK. She/not phone me. (yet) when I got off the bus, som
rson took my wallet.
2 Do you like these flowers? Natalia/bring them. I had realised that this pe
(just)
3 I’d love to see your new flat. You/move in? (yet)
4 A: The sitting room looks lovely.
B: I/paint it. (just) 6
Complete the sentences with the correct form
5 I really want to read that book. You/finish it? (yet) of the words from the box. There are three extra
6 A: Could I speak to Alex, please? words.
B: She/go home. (already)
7 I hope it isn’t too late to invite Pietro. I/not ask bow catch commuter drive miss
him. (yet) passenger pedestrian ride shake wave

Most commuters in my city travel to work by bus.

3
Put the words in the correct order.
1 Should I __________ hands with the boss when I
anyone/You/money/shouldn’t/to/lend
meet her?
You shouldn’t lend money to anyone.
2 The new traffic lights make it safer for
1 all my secrets/told/I/him __________ to cross the road.
2 owes/a lot of money/me/Juan 3 Sorry I’m late. I __________ the bus and had to
3 I/Can/some tea/you/offer? wait for another one.
4 a pay rise/He/this month/me/promised 4 I prefer driving a car to being a __________ .
5 always/me/My grandmother/really good advice/ 5 The train left the station and we all __________
gives goodbye to them.
6 the nurse who looked after me/I/some flowers/ 6 I don’t like __________ my bicycle in the city as
sent/to it’s too dangerous.
7 the bill/us/Could/bring/please/you?

108