PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

Grade Level: Grade 12

NAME: DIANE SAGUN

GRADE12-WELLINGTON
MODULE 4-5

SLA No. 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields and Nature of Variables
Subject Code/Number: APLD03
Subject Title: Practical Research 2
Teacher: Blanche A. Maspara

III. Self-Learning Activities

Activity 1. Information Association

I. MATCHING TYPE. Match item in COLUMN A with those of COLUMN B by placing the letter of the
correct answers in the space provided in column A.
COLUMN A COLUMN B

_B____1. What Effect do Punitive Behavioral Control A. QUANTI & ANTHROPOLOGY

Statements have on Classroom? v
__C___2. The Relationship between the Mushrooming B. QUANTI & COMMUNICATION
of Fast Food Chains and Obesity of Children in
Kuopo, Eastern England. C. QUANTI & SPORTS MED.
___I__3. Effect of Tourism to the Cultural System of
Villagers in Southern Cordillera. D. QUANTI & MEDICAL ED.
___E__4. Relationship of Verbally Aggressive Behavior to
the Physical Aggression of a Person. E. QUANTI & BEHAVIORAL SCI.
__D___5. Factors Affecting Quality of Medical Education
in Saint Louis University. F. QUANTI & EDUCATION
___D__6. Factors Affecting Crime Rates in Burgos, La Union.
__E___7. Video Integration in Teaching Science in Grade 12 G.QUANTI & PSYCHOLOGY
of Upper Tumapoc National High School
___B__8. Communicative Behaviors Associated in Different H. QUANTI & ABM
Stages of a Romantic Relationship
___A__9. Ethnographic Study: Changes of Aeta Behaviors I. QUANTI & STEM
in past 5 years.
___C__10. Relationship of Physical Activity to the Amount
of Adipose Tissue and Endurance Fitness of Children
Aged 15-22 in Burgos, La Union.

II. ESSAY. Briefly explain what is asked below.

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Grade Level: Grade 12

1. What are variables?

-is a measurable characteristic that varies. It may change from group to group, person to person, or
even within one person over time.
- Simply refers to a person, place, thing, or phenomenon that you are trying to measure in some
way. The best way to understand the difference between a dependent and independent variable is
that the meaning of each is implied by what the words tell us about the variable you are using.

2. What are the kinds of variables?

-1. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES – Those that probably cause, influence, or affect outcomes. They are
invariably called treatment, manipulated, antecedent or predictor variables. This is the cause variable or
the one responsible for the conditions that act on something else to bring about changes.

2. DEPENDENT VARIABLES – those that depend on the independent variables; they are the outcomes
or results of the influence of the independent variable. That is why it is also called outcome
variable.

3. INTERVENING OR MEDLING VARIABLES – Variables that “stand between” the independent and
dependent variables, and they show the effects of the independent variable on the dependent
variable.
v

4. CONTROL VARIABLES – A special types of independent variables that are measured in the study
because they potentially influence the dependent variable. Researchers use statistical procedures
(e.g. analysis of covariance) to control these variables. They may be demographic or personal
variables that need to be “controlled” so that the true influence of the independent variable on the
dependent variable can be determined.

5. CONFOUNDING VARIABLES – Variables that are not actually measured or observed in a study. They
exist but their influence cannot be directly detected in a study. Researchers comment on the
influence of confounding variables after the study has been completed, because these variables
may have operated to explain the relationship between the independent variables and dependent
variable, but they were not or could not be easily assessed.

6. EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES – An almost infinite number of extraneous variables (EV) exist that might
conceivably affect a given relationship. Some can be treated as independent or moderating
variables, but most must either be assumed or excluded from the study. Such variables have to be
identified by the researcher. In order to identify the true relationship between the independent and
the dependent variable, the effect of the extraneous variables may have to be controlled. This is
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Grade Level: Grade 12

necessary if we are conducting an experiment where the effect of the confounding factors has to be
controlled. Confounding factors is another name used for extraneous variables.

3. How important quantitative research across fields? Cite at least five fields and explain how
quantitative research is interconnected with it.

III. INDENTIFICATION. Identify which is the independent and the dependent variables.

Sugar or Salt. 1. Do kids prefer sugar or salt? Which is the IV?

Amount of exercise 2. How does the amount of exercise affect your pulse rate? Which is the IV?
Affect speed 3. How does the size of a motor affect speed? Which is the DV?
Different masses . 4. How many minutes will a glider stay in the air with different masses? Which is
the DV?
Amount of lights 5. How to earthworms respond to different amounts of light? Which is the IV?
Dark room 6. If the plant is in the dark room, it will stop growing. Which is the IV?
v
Shape of the car 7. Is the speed of the roller coaster dependent on the shape of the car? Which is
the DV?
Weight of a mouse 8. The effect of the amount of water on the weight of a mouse. Which is the IV?
Most energy. 9. Which vitamin gives people the most energy? Which is the DV?
Improve test grades 10. Will asking questions in class improve test grades? Which is the DV?

Activity 2. Content Evaluation

I. IDENTIFICATION. Identify what is being asked in each number. Write your answer after the statement.
Choose your answer from the box below.

VARIABLE DEPENDENT INDEPENDENT

CONTROL CONTINUOUS INTERVENING
CONFOUNDING INTERVAL NOMINAL
ORDINAL RATIO ABSTRACT
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Grade Level: Grade 12

1. It refers to the characteristics that have two or more mutually exclusive values or properties.
 VARIABLE
2. Variables that represent categories that cannot be orders in any particular way.
 -NOMINAL
3. Special kind of independent variables that are measured in a study because they potentially influence
the dependent variable.
 -CONTROL
4. Variables that have values that lie along an evenly dispersed range of numbers when there is an
absolute zero, as opposed to net worth, which can have a negative debt-to-income ratio-level variable.
 -RATIO
5. Kind of variable that are not actually measured or observed in a study. They exist but their influence
cannot be directly detected in a study.
 -CONFOUNDING
v variables, and they show the effects of the
6. It “stands between” the independent and dependent
independent variable on the dependent variable.
 -INTERVENING
7. Variables that represent categories that can be ordered from greatest to smallest.
 --ORDINAL
8. Kind of variable that probably cause, influence, or effect outcomes. They are variably called
treatment, manipulated, antecedent or predictor variables.
 --INDEPENDENT
9. Variables that depend on independent variables; they are the outcomes or results of the influence of
the independent variable.
 --DEPENDENT
10. Variables that have values that lie along an evenly dispersed range of numbers.
 -INTERVAL
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Grade Level: Grade 12

II. DETERMINATION. Determine if what type of variable are the following. Write I if the variable is
Interval, N if Nominal, R if Ratio and O if Ordinal.

___N________1. Military Title

___I________ 2. Temperature in degree Celsius
___N________3. Birthplace
___N________4. Year Level
___N________5. Favorite Type of Music
___N________6. Clothing such as hat, shirt, shoes
___O________7. A score in 5- item quiz in Math
___N________8. Feeling for today
___R________ 9. Means of Transportation
___O_______ 10. How internet is used at home
___N_______11. Freshman, Sophomore
____I_______12. Person’s net worth v
___N_______13. Male or female
___I________14. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
___N_______15. Political Affiliation