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The document discusses Fritz-Albert Popp's research on biophotons and their potential role in biological processes like communication and coherence within living organisms.

Biophotons are ultra-weak photons emitted from living cells. Studies have found evidence that they may play a role in processes like biocommunication, energy transfer, and memory/information storage through mechanisms like microtubules in the brain.

The primo vascular system is a newly discovered circulatory system that includes vessels found in the brain and spinal cord. It is hypothesized to act as an optical communication channel in the brain that could be involved in regeneration and biophoton transfer.

1. Popp, Fritz Albert, and Qiao Gu. Recent advances in biophoton research and its applications.

World

scientific, 1992.

2. Popp, Fritz-Albert, Qiao Gu, and Ke-Hsueh Li. "Biophoton emission: Experimental background and

theoretical approaches." Modern Physics Letters B 8.21n22 (1994): 1269-1296.

3. Chang, Jiin-Ju, Joachim Fisch, and Fritz-Albert Popp, eds. Biophotons. Springer Science &

Business Media, 2013.

4. Popp, Fritz-Albert, et al. "Evidence of non-classical (squeezed) light in biological systems." Physics

letters A 293.1-2 (2002): 98-102.

5. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology; Vol 41 (5) 2003: Popp, Fritz-Albert. "Properties of

biophotons and their theoretical implications."

6. Cohen, S., and Fritz-Albert Popp. "Biophoton emission of human body." (same site, May 2003).

7. Popp, Fritz-Albert, and Lev V. Beloussov, eds. Integrative biophysics: biophotonics. Springer

Science & Business Media, 2013.

8. Popp, Fritz-Albert. "Some essential questions of biophoton research and probable answers." Recent

advances in biophoton research and its applications. 1992. 1-46.

9. Popp, Fritz-Albert. "Biophotons—background, experimental results, theoretical approach and

applications." Integrative biophysics. Springer, Dordrecht, 2003. 387-438.

10. Popp, Fritz-Albert. "About the coherence of biophotons." Boston University and MIT (eds)

Macroscopic Quantum Coherence, Proceedings of an International Conference of the Boston

University. World Scientific www. datadiwan. de/iib/ib0204e_1. htm. 1999.

11. Popp, Fritz-Albert, and Yu Yan. "Delayed luminescence of biological systems in terms of coherent

states." Physics letters A 293.1-2 (2002): 93-97.

12. Popp, Fritz-Albert, and Jinzhu Zhang. "Mechanism of interaction between electromagnetic fields

and living organisms." SCIENCE IN CHINA SERIES C LIFE SCIENCES-ENGLISH EDITION- 43.5

(2000): 507-518.

13. Popp, Fritz-Albert. "On the coherence of ultraweak photonemission from living tissues."

Disequilibrium and self-organisation. Springer, Dordrecht, 1986. 207-230.


14. Popp, Fritz-Albert, and Jinzhu Zhang. "Mechanism of interaction between electromagnetic fields

and living organisms." SCIENCE IN CHINA SERIES C LIFE SCIENCES-ENGLISH EDITION- 43.5

(2000): 507-518.

15. Popp, Fritz-Albert. "On the coherence of ultraweak photonemission from living tissues."

Disequilibrium and self-organisation. Springer, Dordrecht, 1986. 207-230.

16. Yan, Yu, et al. "Further analysis of delayed luminescence of plants." Journal of Photochemistry

and Photobiology B: Biology 78.3 (2005): 235-244.

17. Popp, Fritz-Albert. "Cancer growth and its inhibition in terms of coherence." Electromagnetic

biology and medicine 28.1 (2009): 53-60.

18. Popp, Fritz-Albert. "About the Coherence of Biophotons. Published in:" Macroscopic Quantum

Coherence." Proceedings of an International Conference on the Boston University, edited by Boston

University and MIT, World Scientific. 1999.

19. Niggli, Hugo J., et al. "Ultraweak photon emission in assessing bone growth factor efficiency using

fibroblastic differentiation." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 64.1 (2001): 62-68.

20. Slawinski, Janusz, and Fritz-Albert Popp. "Temperature hysteresis of low level luminescence from

plants and its thermodynamical analysis." Journal of plant physiology 130.2-3 (1987): 111-123.

21. Popp, Fritz-Albert. "Evolution as the expansion of coherent states." Recent Advances in Biophoton

Research and Its Applications. 1992. 445-456.

22. Popp, Fritz-Albert. "Principles of complementary medicine in terms of a suggested scientific basis."

(2008). IJEB, Vol 46 (5); 2008

23. Popp, Fritz-Albert. "Essential differences between coherent and non-coherent effects of photon

emission from living organisms." Biophotonics. Springer, Boston, MA, 2005. 109-124.

24. Popp, Fritz-Albert, et al. "Evidence of light piping (meridian-like channels) in the human body and

nonlocal emf effects." Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine 24.3 (2005): 359-374.

25. Zhang, Jinzhu, et al. "Spontaneous and light-induced photon emission from intact brains of chick

embryos." Science in China Series C: Life Sciences 40.1 (1997): 43-51.

26. Liu, T. C. Y., Liu, S., Popp, F. A., & Tang, A. Q. (1996, September). Identical particle model on

biophoton emission. In Lasers in Medicine and Dentistry: Diagnostics and Treatment (Vol. 2887, pp.

162-169). International Society for Optics and Photonics.

27. Popp, Habil Fritz-Albert. "Some elements of homoeopathy." British Homoeopathic Journal 79.3

(1990): 161-166.
28. Schlebusch, Klaus-Peter, Walburg Maric-Oehler, and Fritz-Albert Popp. "Biophotonics in the

infrared spectral range reveal acupuncture meridian structure of the body." Journal of Alternative &

Complementary Medicine 11.1 (2005): 171-173.

29. Bischof, Marco. "Biophotons—the light in our cells." Journal of Optometric Phototherapy (2005).

30. Slawinski, Janusz. "Biophotons from stressed and dying organisms: toxicological aspects." (2003).

IJEB, Vol41(5)2003

31. Ho, Mae-Wan, and Fritz-Albert Popp. "Bioelectrodynamics and Biocommunication—An Epilogue."

Bioelectrodynamics and Biocommunication. 1994. 431-436.

32. 顾樵, and Popp Fritz—Albert. "Biophoton Emission as a Potential Measure of Organizational

Order." Science in China (Series B) 9 (1994): 009.

33. Niggli, H. J. "Biophotons: ultraweak light impulses regulate life processes in aging." J Gerontol

Geriat Res 3.2 (2014): 143.

34. Niggli, Hugo J. "Ultraweak electromagnetic wavelength radiation as biophotonic signals to regulate

life processes." Journal of Electrical & Electronics 3.2 (2014): 1.

35. Medical Hypotheses

Volume 62, Issue 2, February 2004, Pages 169-172


FGrass HKlima SKasper
a b

Biophotons, microtubules and CNS, is our brain a

“Holographic computer”?

Abstract

Several experiments show that there is a cell to cell communication by light in


different cell types. This article describes theoretical mechanisms and subcellular
structures that could be involved in this phenomenon. Special consideration is given
to the nervous system, since it would have excellent conditions for such mechanisms.
Neurons are large colourless cells with wide arborisations, have an active
metabolism generating photons, contain little pigment, and have a prominent
cytoskeleton consisting of hollow microtubules. As brain and spinal cord are
protected from environmental light by bone and connective tissue, the signal to noise
ratio should be high for photons as signal. Fluorescent and absorbing substances
should interfere with such a communication system. Of all biogenic amines nature
has chosen the ones with the strongest fluorescence as neurotransmitters for mood
reactions: serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. If these mechanisms are of
relevance our brain would have to be looked upon as a “holographic computer”.

Rahnama, Majid, et al. "Emission of mitochondrial biophotons and their effect on electrical activity of
membrane via microtubules." Journal of integrative neuroscience 10.01 (2011): 65-88.

Hagan, Scott. "An Hypothesis Involving Biophoton Emission in the Microtubular Cytoskeleton of the
Brain." Origins: Brain and self organization (1994): 153.

Rahnama, Majid, Jack Tuszynski, Vahid Salari, Michal Cifra, Istvan Bokkon, and Peyman Sardar.
Emission of biophotons and neural activity of the brain. No. arXiv: 1012.3371. 2010.

Kumar, Sourabh, et al. "Possible existence of optical communication channels in the brain." Scientific
reports 6 (2016): 36508.

Salari, V., et al. "Ultraweak photon emission in the brain." Journal of integrative neuroscience 14.03
(2015): 419-429.

Salari, Vahid, István Bókkon, Roohollah Ghobadi, Felix Scholkmann, and Jack A. Tuszynski.
"Relationship between intelligence and spectral characteristics of brain biophoton emission:
Correlation does not automatically imply causation." Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences 113, no. 38 (2016): E5540-E5541.

Ostovari, Mohsen, Abolfazl Alipour, and Alireza Mehdizadeh. "Entanglement between bio-photons and
Tubulins in brain: implications for memory storage and information processing." NeuroQuantology 12.3
(2014).

Journal of the Korean Physical Society


March 2012, Volume 60, Issue 6, pp 903–906 |
Light and primo vascular system in the brain
• Min-Ho Nam; Seung-Hoon Choi; Kwang-Sup Soh

Abstract

Ultra-weak light emission (biophoton) from cells and organs of all types
of living organisms has been studied since the early 1920s. The optical
communication channel hypothesis in an animal’s body, in conjunction
with this cellular light emission and acupuncture meridians, was
proposed. In this review we consider a concrete realization of this
hypothesis with the recently found primo vascular system in the brain.
The primo vascular system is an anatomical structure corresponding to
the acupuncture meridians. It is a new circulatory system that is
distributed throughout the whole body of an animal, including a human.
Its main function is regeneration of damaged or aging tissues. Recently,
techniques to observe the primo vascular system in the brains of rabbits
and rats have been developed. The primo vessel in the fourth ventricle of
the brain was floating in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and it ran along
the central canal of the spinal cord of a rat or rabbit. It was visualized by
using fluorescent nanoparticles that were injected into the CSF of the
lateral ventricle and were preferentially absorbed by the primo vessel.
Possible applications of the primo vascular system combined with
biophotons for the treatment of various brain diseases, like Alzheimer’s
disease are envisioned.
Bókkon, István, and Vahid Salari. "Hypothesis about brilliant lights by bioluminescent photons in near
death experiences." Medical hypotheses 79.1 (2012): 47-49.

Enaki, N. A., Koroli, V. I., Bazgan, S., Nistreanu, A., Palistrant, S., Bogoev, D., ... & Patel, S. (2016).
Quantum information processes in protein microtubules of brain neurons. In 3rd International
Conference on Nanotechnologies and Biomedical Engineering (pp. 245-249). Springer, Singapore.

Persinger, Michael A., and Christina F. Lavallee. "Theoretical and experimental evidence of
macroscopic entanglement between human brain activity and photon emissions: implications for
quantum consciousness and future applications." Journal of Consciousness Exploration & Research 1,
no. 7 (2010).

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