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Programming in C

This document provides an overview of the C programming language, including: - C was developed in 1972 at AT&T Bell Laboratories and was designed for developing the Unix operating system. It is a simple, general purpose, high-level programming language that enables easy communication with computer hardware. - The C compilation process involves writing C source code, compiling it using a C compiler to generate object code, and linking the object files together with a linker to create an executable program. Integrated development environments provide tools to facilitate the programming process. - The structure of a basic C program includes preprocessor directives, comments, and a main function. Functions like printf() and scanf() are commonly used for input and output

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Yanis Kemoun
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322 views22 pages

Programming in C

This document provides an overview of the C programming language, including: - C was developed in 1972 at AT&T Bell Laboratories and was designed for developing the Unix operating system. It is a simple, general purpose, high-level programming language that enables easy communication with computer hardware. - The C compilation process involves writing C source code, compiling it using a C compiler to generate object code, and linking the object files together with a linker to create an executable program. Integrated development environments provide tools to facilitate the programming process. - The structure of a basic C program includes preprocessor directives, comments, and a main function. Functions like printf() and scanf() are commonly used for input and output

Uploaded by

Yanis Kemoun
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Programming In C

Part I
Introduction to C
Programming Language
• It is used to convert an algorithm into a
computer program.
• It has a fixed set of words and rules (syntax
and grammer) that are used to write
instructions.
• Three types of programming languages:
– Machine language
– Assembly language
– High level language
C Programming

• It is developed at AT&T Bell laboratories of


USA in 1972, designed and written by Denis
Ritchie.
• At the beginning it was designed for
developing the Unix Operating System, then
proved itself as powerful general purpose
programming language.
• C is a structured programming language and
provides modularity.
Why using C?
• C is simple high level language. It contains only 32
keywords
• C programs run faster than programs written in
most other languages
• C is the basis for many other languages(Java, C++,
C#, and Php...).
• C enables easy communication with computer
hardware
• C is portable. Standard compilers exist for
virtually every processor.
Developing Programs in C
• There are mainly three steps in developing a
program in C:
– Writing the C program
– Compiling the program
– Executing the program
The C Compiler
• The C compiler is a program that converts a C
program (referred to as source code) into
machine language (object code).
• A compiler generates object code files
(machine language) from source code.
• A linker combines these object code files into
an executable.
Programming Environment
• To facilitate the task of computer
programmers, they are provided with a
software application know as Itegrated
Development Envirement (IDE).
• IDE consists of source code Editor, compiler,
and other tools.
• Example of IDEs for C programming: DevC++,
CodeBlocks, Eclipse, …etc.
The Programming Process in IDE
Structure of C Program
• The general structure of a C program is:
First C Program
Preprocessor directive (header file). It is called header because it is written at the beginning
of the program. It tells the compiler to include that file during compilation as a part of the
program.
Preprocessor Directives
Preprocessor Directives (header files)

Examples of some C header files:


Preprocessor Directives (define)
Comments
Main Function
Some functions defined in stdio.h
• Two function defined in the header file stdio.h
and which are used in almost all C programs
are:
– printf()
– scanf()
Printf()
Format specifier
• It tells the printf() function the format of the
output to be printed.
• Examples of format specifiers:
Escape sequence
• It is used in the printf() function to do
something to the output.
• Examples:
Scanf()
Second C Program

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