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Conduction

This document discusses heat transfer through conduction. It defines conduction as the transfer of energy from more energetic particles to adjacent less energetic particles due to particle interactions. Conduction can occur in solids, liquids, and gases. The document also discusses steady and transient conduction, conduction through various shapes like plane walls, cylinders, and spheres, and how conductivity may vary with temperature. It provides examples of calculating heat transfer through walls and insulated pipes. It also discusses concepts like overall heat transfer coefficients and heat sources within solids.

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andreyan P.N
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246 views43 pages

Conduction

This document discusses heat transfer through conduction. It defines conduction as the transfer of energy from more energetic particles to adjacent less energetic particles due to particle interactions. Conduction can occur in solids, liquids, and gases. The document also discusses steady and transient conduction, conduction through various shapes like plane walls, cylinders, and spheres, and how conductivity may vary with temperature. It provides examples of calculating heat transfer through walls and insulated pipes. It also discusses concepts like overall heat transfer coefficients and heat sources within solids.

Uploaded by

andreyan P.N
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONDUCTION

HEAT TRANSFER
1 Dimension
Conduction
• Conduction is the transfer of energy from the more energetic particles of a
substance to the adjacent less energetic ones as a result of interactions between
the particles. Conduction can take place in solids, liquids, or gases.
Steady and Transient Conduction
Conduction on a Plane Wall
Various Thermal Conductivity
• If the thermal conductivity varies with temperature according to some linear
relation
Various Thermal Conductivity
• Temperature gradients in three materials
Analogy to Electrical Series
Example 1
• An exterior wall of a house may be approximated by a 4-in layer of common
brick [k = 0.7 W/m・ ◦C] followed by a 1.5-in layer of gypsum plaster [k
=0.48 W/m・ ◦C]. What thickness of loosely packed rock-wool insulation [k
=0.065 W/m・ ◦C] should be added to reduce the heat loss (or gain)
through the wall by 80 percent?
Conduction on aCylinder
Conduction on a Sphere
Example 2
• A thick-walled tube of stainless steel [18% Cr, 8% Ni, k =19 W/m・ ◦C] with
2-cm inner diameter (ID) and 4-cm outer diameter (OD) is covered with a 3-
cm layer of asbestos insulation [k =0.2 W/m・ ◦C]. If the inside wall
temperature of the pipe is maintained at 600◦C, calculate the heat loss per
meter of length. Also calculate the tube–insulation interface temperature.
Assignment
• 2-2
• 2-4
• 2-8
• 2-9
• 2-10
• 2-11
• Heat Transfer 10th edition (JP Holman)
Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient
Example

Water flows at 50◦C inside a 2.5-cm-inside-diameter tube such


that hi =3500 W/m2 ・ ◦C. Thetube has a wall thickness of 0.8 mm
with a thermal conductivity of 16 W/m・ ◦C. The outside of the
tube loses heat by free convection with ho =7.6W/m2 ・ ◦C.
Calculate the overall heat-transfer coefficient and heat loss per
unit length to surrounding air at 20◦C.
Heat Source Systems
• It is assumed that the dimensions in the other
directions are sufficiently large that the heat flow
may be considered as one dimensional.
• The heat generated per unit volume is ˙q,
• and we assume that the thermal conductivity
does not vary with temperature.
• Because the temperature must be the same on each side of the wall,
C1 must be zero.
• The temperature at the midplane (x=0) is denoted by T0.
• At steady-state conditions the total heat generated must equal the heat lost at the
faces.

• To and Tw as boundary conditions


Cylinder with Heat Source

• With To and Tw as boundary conditions


Fins
Thermal Contact
Resistance
There are two principal contributions
to the heat transfer at the joint:
1. The solid-to-solid conduction at
the spots of contact
2. The conduction through entrapped
gases in the void spaces created by
the contact
Thermal Contact Resistance
Assignment
• 2-33
• 2-34
• 2-99
• 2-143
THANK YOU

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