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Assignment #3 DBMS (2019-SE-206) PDF

The document is an assignment submission for a database management systems course. It contains answers to three questions: 1) The possible candidate keys for a relation with attributes A, B, C, D, E, F and functional dependencies are BC, BE, and BF. 2) Data anomalies include update anomalies when records need updating, insert anomalies when required data is unavailable, and delete anomalies when deletion of data causes other data to be deleted as well. 3) For relations F and G with given functional dependencies, none of the relations cover each other as their canonical covers are not equal.

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Fahad Siddiqui
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132 views4 pages

Assignment #3 DBMS (2019-SE-206) PDF

The document is an assignment submission for a database management systems course. It contains answers to three questions: 1) The possible candidate keys for a relation with attributes A, B, C, D, E, F and functional dependencies are BC, BE, and BF. 2) Data anomalies include update anomalies when records need updating, insert anomalies when required data is unavailable, and delete anomalies when deletion of data causes other data to be deleted as well. 3) For relations F and G with given functional dependencies, none of the relations cover each other as their canonical covers are not equal.

Uploaded by

Fahad Siddiqui
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE MANAGMENT SYSTEM
(SWE 209)

ASSIGNMENT # 3

Submitted by :
Muhammad Fahad Siddiqui (2019-SE-206)
Semester: 4th
Batch: 2019
Section: E

Submitted to :
Sir Shariq-uz-Zaman Durrani

1
ASSIGNMENT # 3
Question 1
Find all possible candidates keys? R (A, B, C, D, E, F)
FD’S = {AB → C, C → DE, E → F, F →A}

Answer.

AB→C
C→DE
E→F
F→A
(B)+ →B
[BC]+ →B
[BE]+ →BCDEFA
[BE]+ →BEFA
[BE]+ →BFA

[BC, BE, BF]

Question 2
Define anomalies with its types? Use your own examples only

Answer.
ANOMALIES AND ITS TYPE:-
The anomalies naturally occur and result in data that
does not match the real-world the database purports to represent Anomalies are caused when there
is to too much redundancy in the database’s information.
There are three types of Data Anomalies.

Update Anomalies:
It is used when the person has to keep the records current and accurate
for example:
If we have to change or update Students information and detail in a university database then we use
update anomalies

2
Insert Anomalies:
The nature of the database may be such that it is not possible to add a
required piece of data unless another piece of unavailable data is also needed.
For example:
It refers to that if you have some raw data then you have to insert it in a table to make it more
systematic.

Delete Anomalies:
It occurs when the deletion unwanted information causes desired information
to be deleted as well.
For example:
If you delete students name from the database table so the whole information of student will be
deleted.

Question 3
Find the canonical covers of F and G
F= {A → B, AB → C, D → AC , D →E }
G = {A →BC, D → AB }
Which of the following condition is true?
1) F Covers G
2) G covers F
3) Both are equal
4) None of the above.

Answer.

First of all:
A→B
AB→C
D→A
D→C by decomposition
D→E

We will do
𝐴+ 𝐵+
𝐴𝐵 𝐵

Now
A→B
A→C now all the attributes are singleton.
D→A
D→C
D→E

𝐴+ 𝐴+ 𝐷+ 𝐷+
𝐴𝐶 𝐴𝐵 𝐷𝐶𝐸 𝐷𝐴𝐶𝐸𝐵

3
So, D→C is a redundant functionally and we will remove it
For G:
A→B
A→C
D→A
D→B

𝐴+
𝐴𝐶

So, None of them cover to each other.

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