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Method 1:: From The Statement of Problem, It Is Known That: U V

This document describes two methods for proving that the cross product of vectors U and V is zero, where U = kV for some scalar k. Method 1 uses the property that the cross product of parallel vectors is zero. It shows that U and V are parallel by substituting U = kV into the cross product formula. Method 2 expresses U and V in terms of their components, then calculates their cross product using a determinant. The determinant evaluates to zero, showing the cross product is zero. Both methods rely on the fact that the cross product of parallel vectors is zero.

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Zain Ul Abedin
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55 views4 pages

Method 1:: From The Statement of Problem, It Is Known That: U V

This document describes two methods for proving that the cross product of vectors U and V is zero, where U = kV for some scalar k. Method 1 uses the property that the cross product of parallel vectors is zero. It shows that U and V are parallel by substituting U = kV into the cross product formula. Method 2 expresses U and V in terms of their components, then calculates their cross product using a determinant. The determinant evaluates to zero, showing the cross product is zero. Both methods rely on the fact that the cross product of parallel vectors is zero.

Uploaded by

Zain Ul Abedin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Method 1:

(this method involves the proof of given statement by applying the cross-vector rule which
states that “the cross product of two parallel vectors or cross product of same vector is zero
because angle between them is zero”
Lets us see cross product before going to solution:
the cross product or vector product is a binary operation on two vectors in three-dimensional
space , and is denoted by the symbol. Given two linearly independent vectors U and V, the
cross product,  U × V  (read "U cross V"), is a vector that is perpendicular to
both U and V, and thus normal to the plane containing them.
If two vectors have the same direction or have the exact opposite direction from one another
(i.e., they are not linearly independent), or if either one has zero length, then their cross product
is zero)

From the statement of problem, it is known that:

U×V = |U||V |sin θ n^


(step 1: this is the formula of cross product. where θ is the angle between  |U| and  |V | in the
plane containing them (hence, it is between 0° and 180°), |U| and |V | are the magnitudes of
vectors U and V, and n is a unit vector perpendicular to the plane containing U and b, in the
direction given by the right-hand rule (illustrated). If the vectors U and V are parallel (i.e., the
angle θ between them is either 0° or 180°), by the above formula, the cross product
of U and V is the zero vector 0)

If U = kV. Then
(step 2: U = kV is given in the statement. Where V is vector and k is scalar quantity. Putting this
value as follow)

U×V = kV × V
= k(V × V)
= 0⃗
(step 3: when we put the kV in place of U, we get cross product of vector V with itself. Both V
vectors have same direction and same magnitude. As we know that the cross product of two
same vectors with same direction is zero, so we get zero. But how we get this zero value, we will
see it below)
Because,
V×V = |V |2 sin 0 n^
=0 : sin 0 = 0
(step 4: we know that the formula of cross product is |U ||V |sin θ n^ . When we replace U by V, we get
|V ||V |sin θ n^ . It becomes |V |2 sin 0 n^ . The angle θ is zero because angle between V and V is zero
as both are in same direction and same magnitude. We also know that θ at 0o is zero.
Therefore, whole cross product became zero)

Therefore,
U ×⃗
⃗ V = 0⃗

(step 5: therefore, we have found that cross product of vector U and V is zero).

Result:
V and k⃗
We expect this result because ⃗ V are parallel vector and cross product of
parallel vector is 0⃗ .
Method 2:
V = ⟨V 1 , V 2 , V 3 ⟩
⃗

(step 1: this method is also cross product method but it has another way of solving the problem.
As we know that a vector has three dimensions in apace. Which is X, Y and Z. each vector is
resolved in its component vectors like V1, V2 and V3. It shows that three components of vector
for X, Y and Z direction.)

U = k⃗
⃗ V

= ⟨ k V 1 , k V 2, k V 3 ⟩
U = k⃗
(step 2: as it is given in the statement that ⃗ V . In this step, the vector V is replaced by the
its components in X,Y and Z direction. The multiply k with all of three components)

i j k
U×V = V 1 V 2 V3
kV 1 kV 2 kV 3
(step: 3 in this method we solved the problem by using matrix notation. The vector is expressed in the
form of determinant. The the determinant of vector is solved according to the rule of determinants
solution. The determinant is solved as follow:

U×V = i(k V3V2 – k V2V3) – j(k V1V3 – k V1V3) + k(k V1V2 – k V1V2)
= ⟨ 0 , 0 ,0 ⟩
= 0⃗
(step 4: by applying determinant rule on the matrix, we get the determinant zero. It is zero
because cross product do not follow commutative rule. Which is U×V = - V×U. which means
that the magnitude will be equal but sign will be opposite. Due to which each bracket has zero
value. And the cross product will be equal to zero)

U ×⃗
⃗ V = 0⃗

V and k⃗
Result is expected because ⃗ V are parallel vector.

(step 5: the cross product of U and V is zero because the value calculated after solving the determinant is
zero.)

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