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Int Int: #Include

The document describes a C program that defines a 2D array with 4 rows and 5 columns and initializes it with values. It then prints the value at index [3][3] of the array, which is 19. The program returns 0 after printing.

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62 views

Int Int: #Include

The document describes a C program that defines a 2D array with 4 rows and 5 columns and initializes it with values. It then prints the value at index [3][3] of the array, which is 19. The program returns 0 after printing.

Uploaded by

dsmari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Array

1. #include <stdio.h>
2. int main ()  {
3. int  a[4] [5] = {{1, 2, 3, 4, 5},
4.                     {6, 7,8, 9, 10},
5.                     {11, 12, 13, 14, 15},
6.                     {16, 17,18, 19, 20}};
7. printf(“%d\n”, *(*(a+**a+2)+3));
8.     return(0);
9. }

Ans
a=a= address of 0th0th index 1-D array

∗a=∗a=  address of 0th0th index element of 0th0th index 1-D array

∗∗a=∗∗a= value of 0th0th index element of 0th0th index 1-D array

∗∗a=1∗∗a=1

∗∗a+2=1+2=3∗∗a+2=1+2=3

a+3=a+3= address of 3rd3rd index 1-D array

∗(a+3)=∗(a+3)= address of 0th0th index element of 3rd3rd index 1-D array

∗(a+3)+3=∗(a+3)+3= address of 3rd3rd index element of 3rd3rd index 1-D array

∗(∗(a+3)+3)=∗(∗(a+3)+3)= value of 3rd3rd index element of 3rd3rd index 1-D


array =19

1) A program P reads in 500 integers in the range [0..100] representing the


scores of 500 students. It then prints the frequency of each score above 50.
What would be the best way for P to store the frequencies?
(a) An array of 50 numbers
(b) An array of 100 numbers
(c) An array of 500 numbers
(d) A dynamically allocated array of 550 numbers
Answer (a)
An array of size 50 looks the best option to store number of students for each
score. We need to store frequencies of scores above 50. We can ignore scores
below 50 and to index the scores above 50, we can subtract 50 from the score
value/

GATE-2005

1. A program P reads in 500 integers in the range [0,100] representing the scores of
500 students. It then prints the frequency of each score above 50. what would be
the best way for P to store the frequencies?

(a) An array of 50 numbers 


(b) An array of 100 numbers
(c) An array of 500 numbers
(d) A dynamically allocated array of 550 numbers

Ans: Option (a)


Explanation:
We have to store frequencies of scores above 50. That is number of students
having score 51, number of students having score 52 and so on. For that an array of
size 50 is the best option.

GATE-2000
2. An n*n array V is defined as follows
V[i,j]=i-j for all i,j, 1<=i<=n;1<=j<=n; 
The sum of the elements of the array V is
(a) 0        (b) n-1       (c) n2-3n+2           (d) n2(n+1)/2

Ans: option (a)


Explanation: Work out the same with a 2x2 matrix, and sum its elements.

GATE-2000
3. Suppose you are given an array s[1...n] and a procedure reverse (s,i,j) which
reverse the order of elements in s between positions i and j (both inclusive). What
does the following sequence do, where 1 < k <= n:
  reverse (s, 1, k);
  reverse (s, k + 1, n);
  reverse (s, 1, n);
(a) Rotates s left by k positions
(b) Leaves s unchanged
(c) Reverses all elements of s
(d) None of the above

Ans: option (a)


Explanation: 
For any value of k, three reversals is equivalent to the left rotation of the array of
size n by k. Note, if we rotate an array n times for k = 1 to n, we get the same array
back. Try it with an array of 4 elements.

GATE-2004
4. A single array A[1..MAXSIZE] is used to implement two stacks. The two stacks
grow from opposite ends of the array. Variables top1 and top2 (topl< top 2) point
to the location of the topmost element in each of the stacks. If the space is to be
used efficiently, the condition for “stack full” is
(a) (top1 = MAXSIZE/2) and (top2 = MAXSIZE/2+1)
(b) top1 + top2 = MAXSIZE
(c) (top1= MAXSIZE/2) or (top2 = MAXSIZE)
(d) top1= top2 -1

Ans: option (d)


Explanation: 
Given that both the stacks grows from opposite ends, i.e. if the stack has 1 element
each, then top1 =1 and top2 = MAXSIZE. Let MAXSIZE = 10, according to
option (a) top1 = 5, and top2=6. Here the stack is full, but it is only one instance
where the stack is full. It is not necessary that for the space to be utilized efficiently
top1 should be 5 and top2 should be 6. Option (d) satisfies all the instances where
the stack is full.
GATE-1998
5. Let A be a two-dimensional array declared as follows: 
      A: array [1 …. 10] [1 …… 15] of integer; 
Assuming that each integer takes one memory location, the array is stored in row-
major order and the first element of the array is stored at location 100, what is the
address of the element A[i][j]?
(a) 15i + j + 84          (b) 15j + i + 84  
(c) 10i + j + 89          (d) 10j + i + 89 

Ans: option(a)
Explanation:
The array is stored in row-major order, that means the elements are stored in the
memory row-wise. 
Suppose we have the 2D array
123
456
It will be stored in the memory as 1 2 3 4 5 6
If array is stored as column-major order then it will be stored as 1 4 2 5 3 6

Let A be a 2D array, A: array [b1 …. u1] [b2 …… u2], then 


To find the location of A[i][j] for a 2D array stored in Row-major order use the
following formula:

Loc A[i][j] = L + [ (i - b1) (u2 - b2 +1) + (j  - b2) ] x M

L - base address of the array, i.e. address of the first element of the array
M - Memory Size, here each integer takes only 1 memory location therefore M = 1

Loc A[i][j] = 100 + [ (i - 1) (15 - 1 +1) + (j  - 1) ] x 1


                = 100 + (i - 1) 15 + j -1 = 15i + j + 84

Note:
To find the location of A[i][j] for a 2D array stored in Column-major order use the
following formula:

Loc A[i][j] = L + [ (j - b2) (u1 - b1 +1) + (i  - b1) ] x M


GATE-2004
6. Two matrices M1 and M2 are to be stored in arrays A and B respectively.
Each array can be stored either in row-major or column-major order in
contiguous memory locations. The time complexity of an algorithm to compute
M1 × M2 will be 
(a) best if A is in row-major, and B is in column major order 
(b) best if both are in row-major order 
(c) best if both are in column-major order 
(d) independent of the storage scheme

Ans: option (d)


Explanation:
Whether the array is stored in row-major order or column-major order, same
number of multiplications and additions are required for matrix multiplication.
Hence time complexity is independent of the storage scheme. 

GATE-1994
7. In a compact single dimensional array representation for lower
triangular matrices (i.e all the elements above the diagonal are zero) of size  n x n ,
non-zero elements (i.e elements of the lower triangle) of each row are stored one
after another, starting from the first row, the index of the  (i,j)th element of the
lower triangular matrix in this new representation is: 
(a) i + j       (b) i + j -1     (c) j + [i(i-1)/2]    (d)  i + [j(j-1)/2]

Ans: option (c)


Explanation: 
An example of lower triangular matrix of size 3 x 3 is given below.
1 0 0
2 3 0
4 5 6
While storing we will store as 1 2 3 4 5 6.
Index of the  (i,j)th element = the number of elements in (i - 1) rows + j
                                          = (1 + 2 + ... + i-1) + j
                                          = [i(i-1)/2] + j
Hence option (c)
Note:
* The number of elements in (i - 1) rows  = 1 + 2 + ... + i-1, because first row
contains only 1 element, second row contains only 2 elements, third row contains
only 3 elements and so on.
* 1 + 2 + ... + n = n(n-1)/2

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