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INSTITUTO TECNOLÓGICO Y DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES DE MONTERREY

CAMPUS SANTA FE

PBL- Report

Matemáticas para ingeniería II – Prof. Francisco Pérez

Biaani Cervantes Luna – A01015566

Tania González Mata – A01018297

Diana Lugo Piñón – A01015694

31 de enero de 2011

PBL – Reporte: Título

Abstract
The purpose of this PBL is to evaluate the funcionality of different methods, and to
evaluate which one of them is the best or has the major productivity in an industrial process. For
this, we need to evaluate the function for each graphic and therefore obtain the integral to see if a
process has more productivity than other, in this case, machine A and machine B have different
cycles and conditions. Another aspect to consider is the way in which the graphics need to be
ordered and maximize productivity and the method to obtain functions for both graphics.

Introduction
Parabola
A parabola is the set of all points in the
plane equidistant from a given line (the conic
section directrix) and a given point not on the line
(the focus). The focal parameter (i.e., the distance
between the directrix and focus) is therefore given
by , where is the distance from the vertex to
the directrix or focus.

Integral
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An integral is a mathematical object that can be interpreted as an area or a generalization

of area. Integrals, together with derivatives, are the fundamental objects of calculus.

Problem definition
The problem to be solved in this workshop consists on finding, first, the formula of a
parabola given the plot, and second, the areas under the two curves (parabola, line) between
specific intervals making use of integrals. That way, we will be able to find production rates and
determine which one of the proposed methods is more effective, or in its case, find another
method that results in a better production.

Input data
This graphic represents the behavior of the
production vs. time, in the machine A. The
machine’s production has a complete cycle of
eight hours, in which production increases during
the first four hours, the major production happens
in the fourth hour, and during the last four hours it
decreases. This machine can work eight hours but
must rest two hours.

This second graphic represents the

behavior of production vs. time, in the
machine B. The production is constant and
it can continue working indefinitely.
Also we know that in five days
(120 hrs) the machine can work with three
cycles:
 Machine A (8hrs) and machine B (2hrs) with twelve repetitions in order to complete the
five days.
 Machine A (4hrs) and machine B (2hrs) with twenty repetitions in order to complete the
five days.
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 Machine A (6hrs) and machine B (2hrs) with fifteen repetitions in order to complete the
five days.

Assumptions
We assumed that machine An in x=0 the production was 900 units, in x=4 the maxim
production was 1900 units and in x=8 the production had turned back to 900 units. Also, we
assumed that the function in the graphic corresponds with the parabola and it can be determined
following the equation: −a x 2 +bx+ c=0 .
We assumed that the function of machine B corresponds to y=800

Data Analysis
x y By using the points in the graphic we can determine the equation of the
0 900 parabola in the following way:
4 1900
8 900 V ( 0 )=−a(0)2 +b ( 0 ) + c=900 ∴ c=900
V ( 4 )=−a ( 16 )+ b ( 4 )+ 900=1900
64 a 1000 125
V ( 8 )=−a ( 64 ) +b ( 8 )+ 900=900∴ b= =8 a ∴ V ( 4 )=−16 a+ 4 ( 8 a ) + 900=1900 ∴ a= = ∴ b=500
8 32 2
As result we obtained the following equation:
−125 2
x + 500 x +900=0
2
By plotting the equation, we realized that the equations are likely accurate.
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In order to find the area under the curve for obtaining the production units, we have to
integrate the equations.
−125 2 125 3
∫ x +500 x+ 900 dx=¿− x +250 x 2+ 900 x +C ¿
2 6

∫ 800 dx=800 x+C

Then, we have to evaluate the functions according with the three cycles. Also, we can
integrate them determining the range in the graphic.

 Machine A (8hrs) and machine B (2hrs) with twelve repetitions in order to complete the
five days.
8 10

∫ −125
2
x 2 +500 x+ 900 dx+∫ 800 dx=14133.333
0 8

14133.333 x 12=169599.96
 Machine A (4hrs) and machine B (2hrs) with twenty repetitions in order to complete the
five days.
4 6

∫ −125
2
x 2 +500 x+ 900 dx+∫ 800 dx=7866.667
0 4

7866.667 x 20=157333.33
 Machine A (6hrs) and machine B (2hrs) with fifteen repetitions in order to complete the
five days.
6 8

∫ −125
2
x 2 +500 x+ 900 dx+∫ 800 dx=¿ 11500 ¿
0 6

11500 x 15=172500
After these procedures we searched others methods in order to achieve a major
production. We found two different cycles which results in major productions:
 The first: we tried to found the cycle by random calculations taking into account that we
needed to eliminate the decrease in the machine A and we have to obtain a great number
of repetitions. So, we found this cycle:
7 9

∫ −125
2
x 2 +500 x+ 900 dx+∫ 800 dx=13004.16 67
0 7

120
7+2=9 ∴ =13.33 ∴13004.1667 x 13.33=173388.888
9
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 The second: we realized that the functions intersect themselves in y=1600, in this way
we can obtain a great production if we start the machine B when machine A decreases to
y=1600 for avoiding the following decrease of it. By the plotting and by equation
balancing, we can obtain the x value when y=1600.

6.19089 8.19089
−125 2
∫ x +500 x+ 900 dx+ ∫ 800 dx=¿ 11810.27 ¿
0 2 6.19089

120
6.19089+2=8.19089∴ =14.65∴ 11810.27 x 14.65=173025.4
8.19089
Results
As we can observe, of the established cycles, the major production was reached by the
last one, with 172500 units. Because the machine A was stopped before to decrease until
y=1600. And the greatest cycle that we found was: machine A (7hrs) machine B (2hrs) which
results in 173388.88 units.

Conclussions
According to the results, we could determine the functions for the graphics assuming it
was a polinomial funtcion of order 2, and see if the methods applied were lucrative and which
one was the best, for this, using integrals was the best option to determine the area under the
curve, to see it graphically and analitically, and comparing the results for each methos in units
sqaured, at last, we used the hours as intervals for the integral and evaluate how much production
was created after 120 hours in the cycle.
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Reference

MathWorld. (2011). Mth. Disponible en: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Integral.html

MathWorld. (2011). Mth. Disponible en: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Parabola.html