Mathematics in the Modern

World
MIDTERM REQUIREMENTS FOR OFFLINE

(MATH 101)

Teacher: MR. ALBERT S. REVILLA

Name of Student: MICOLOB, HARIES VI T.

Date: October 13, 2020

 Exercise 1.3 - A

REASONING

Answer the problem:

Can you definitely tell the truthfulness to the examples of inductive reasoning?

Write your arguments below:

1. Francis is a father

Francis is a policeman

Therefore, all father is policeman.

2. Jacob more here from tagum

Jacob wears glasses

Therefore, people from tagum wears glasses.

3. Our teacher gave us assignments in the last two classes

Therefore our teacher will give assignments today.

4. The chair in the living room is red.

The chair in the dining room is red.

Therefore, all the chairs in the house are red.

5. Francis have a computer set

Francis is a policeman

Therefore, all policeman has a computer set.

6. Haries is a male

Haries uses Mongol 2 pencil

Therefore, all males uses Mongol 2 pencil.

7. Granger has a car

Granger is a first college student

Therefore, all first year college student has a car.

Exercise 1.3 - B

REASONING

Answer the problem:

Give your syllogism that manifest a real-life scenario. Explain the truthfulness of your major
premise. Write your answer on the spaces provided.

a. All men have sexual part that is called penis

Granger is a man
Therefore, Granger has a penis
b. All household owners pay utilities bills
Haries is a household owners
Therefore, Haries pays his utility bills
c. All body builder has a diet plan
Granger is a body builder
Therefore, Granger has a diet plan
d. All human has the ability to think
Francis is a human
Therefore, Francis has ability to think
e. Car owners has driver license.
Granger has a car.
Therefore, Granger has a driver license.
 Exercise 1.3 - D

REASONING

Solve the following problems using Polya’s Problems-Solving Steps.

1. There are four volumes of Shakespeare’s collected works on a shelf. The volumes are in order
from left to right. The pages of each volume are exactly two inches thick. The covers are each
1/6-inch thick. A bookworm started eating at page one of volume I and ate through to the last
page of Volume IV. What is the distance the bookworm travelled?
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
Understand the  What is the problem all  This is a problem about a
problem. about? bookworm pages of a volume.
 What is being asked?  The task is to determine the
distance of bookworm travelled
Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solve the page
 Use a variable and and the covers of each volume then
choose helpful names for multiply it to four because it has four
variables or unknowns. volumes.
Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to  So the total distance from four
the problem?
volumes from left to right: (We state
in Algebraic expressions):

One volume

Four volumes

Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or similar problems.
method generalized so as
to be useful for future
problems?
2. Suppose thirty-two students signed up for classes during an orientation session. If exactly
twenty of them signed up for Chemistry and exactly sixteen of them signed up for English, how
many of them signed up for both Chemistry and English?
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
Understand the  What is the problem all  The problem is signed up for both
problem. about? Chemistry and English.
 What is being asked?  The task is to determine how many
signed of the books Chemistry and
English.
Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solve by
 Use a variable and analyzing first with the given problem
choose helpful names for and it variables then after analyzing
variables or unknowns. you can add the variable subtract it to
get the final answer.
Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to Now there were 32 students that
the problem? signed up, then:
1. Chemistry only + English only +
both = 32.
2. Chemistry + both = 20
3. English + both = 16
If we put equation (3) in equation (1),
we get, Chemistry only + (English +
both) = 32,
So Chemistry + 16 = 32, then
Chemistry only = 32-16 = 16.
Then using equation (2), Chemistry +
both = 20, so now, 16 + both = 20.
Then both = 4.
So the answer is 4 signed up for both.
Or, the simpler way is just, 20 + 16 -
32 = 4, which is the same answer.
Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or similar problems.
method generalized so as
to be useful for future
problems?
3. A hunter left the camp and walked five miles south and two miles east. He shot a bear and
walked five miles north back to camp. What color was the bear?
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
Understand the  What is the problem all  This is a problem hunter scotch a
problem. about? bear and returning for his camp.
 What is being asked?  The task is to determine the color
of the bear.

Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solved by

 Use a variable and analyzing the given situation and
choose helpful names for using logic and riddles.
variables or unknowns.
Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to  The problem can be solved by
the problem? analyzing the given direction and
using logic and riddles strategy.
 Hunter starts at North Pole. This
means the hunter walks south for a
mile, but when he heads east for a
mile hunter just walking round in part
of a circle, and stays one mile from
the North Pole. Therefore he only has
to walk a mile north to get back!

 So what is color of the bear? It has

to be a polar bear, so it’s WHITE!

Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or similar problems.
method generalized so as
to be useful for future
problems?

4. Suppose Pat has eight shirts and four pairs of pants. How many different outfits can Pat make
by combining one shirt with one pair of pants?
 POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER

Understand the  What is the problem all  The problem is how many outfits
problem. about? can be combined.
 What is being asked?  The task is to combine the different
outfits by part and how many if can
he combined with one shirt with one
pair of pants?

Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solved using

 Use a variable and analyzation technique and operation
choose helpful names for of arithmetic which is the
variables or unknowns. multiplication.

Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to  The problem can be solved by
the problem? determine by using the one of
operation arithmetic which is the
multiplication with analyzation.
 Number of shirt is 8
 Number of pants is 4
Therefore 8 multiplied by 4
8x4= 32
 32 Different outfits.

Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or similar problems.
method generalized so as
to be useful for future
problems?

5. Six normal drinking glasses are standing in a row. The first three are full of water and the
following three are empty. By moving only one glass, can you change the arrangement so that no
full glass is next to another full glass and that no empty glass is next to an empty glass, and we
still have three full and three empty glasses?
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
Understand the  What is the problem all  The problem is moving one glass so
problem. about? that you can change the arguments.
 What is being asked?  The task is charge to arguments so
that to full glass is next to another full
glass.
Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solved using
 Use a variable and analyzation and imagining the
choose helpful names for situation/logical explanation.
variables or unknowns.

Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to

the problem?

 By moving
the second glass with water to fifth
empty glass and the problem has been
solved.

Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or similar problems.
method generalized so as
to be useful for future
problems?

6. Suppose you work at bowling alley. After work one day, you decide to line up bowling pins in
a triangular pattern with one pin in the first row, two pins in the second, three pins in the third,
and so on.
a. How many total pins would you need to use to complete four rows?
b. How many total pins would you need to use to complete ten rows?
c. How many total pins would you need to use to complete one hundred rows? How about one
thousand rows?
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
Understand the  What is the problem all  The problem is dividing the total
problem. about? pins of a, b, c.
 What is being asked?  The task is how many total of the
pins require to complete a, b, c.
Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solved by
 Use a variable and analyzing the given question and
choose helpful names for supported with one of operation of
variables or unknowns. arithmetic.

Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to  The problem can be solved by
the problem? analyzing the given question and
applying arithmetic progression.
a. to complete four rows.
1+2+3+4= 10
b. to complete ten rows.
Sn = n/2 (2a + (n-1) d) = 5 x (2+9)
=55
c. to complete one hundred rows
Sn = n/2 (2a + (n-1) d) = 50 x (2+99)
=5050
c. II. to complete one thousand
rows.
Sn = n/2 (2a + (n-1) d) = 500x
(2+999) =500500  
Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or similar problems.
method generalized so as
to be useful for future
problems?

7. Pat and Kim bought the same item. Pat said he paid 20% less than the list price. Kim said that
if she had paid 25% more for the item, she would have paid the list price. Who paid the least?
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
 Understand the  What is the problem all  The problem is who paid for least.
problem. about?  The task is to know who was
 What is being tasked? paying for least.

Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solved using

 Use a variable and choose analyzation, mathematical model or a
helpful names for variables concepts, and using different
or unknowns. variables.

Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to the  Let's say that the list price is . This
problem? means that Pat had
paid   because she
paid 20% less than the list price.
 Kim's payment can be represented
as   because
given that she paid 25% more for the
item, then she was actually paying for
the list price.
 Manipulate Kim's payment by
dividing both sides by 

                                      
This means that since Pat's payment is
expressed as   which is the same
as Kim's payment, then they paid the
same amount.
Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or method similar problems.
generalized so as to be useful
for future problems?

8. A family has seven children. If we list the possible genders of the children (for example
bbggbgb where b is a boy and g is a girl), how many lists are possible?
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
 Understand the  What is the problem all  This is a problem about the list of
problem. about? possible genders of children.
 What is being asked?  The task is to determine the gender
of does girl or boy.

Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solved by

 Use a variable and names of expressively as seven “Bits”
choose helpful names for of binary (female= 1, male = 0).
variables or unknowns.

Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to  The problem can be solve by
the problem? determining of the given 7 of 2
outcomes therefore it can solve this
through combination.
 If we restrict usefulness to binary
genders (every child is either strictly
male or strictly female) then there are
two possible gender, for each child.
The number of possible list is: 2⁷ =
128

Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or similar problems.
method generalized so as
to be useful for future
problems?

9. In a class of 25 students, 17 lived with both parents, 21 lived with their mothers, and 20 lived
with their fathers. How many lived with neither parent?
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
 Understand the  What is the problem all  This is a problem about the students
problem. about? that live that live with their parents.
 What is being asked?  The task is to determine the number
of students that might live with their
parents.
Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solved by
 Use a variable and different operation of arithmetic and
choose helpful names for mathematical analyzation.
variables or unknowns.
Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to  This problem can be solved by
the problem? using the two basic operation of
arithmetic which addition and
subtraction, also analytical is thinking.
 Total number of students: 25
Lived with both
parents: 17  (Intersection) Lived with
mothers: 21 Lived with mothers
only:  (21-17) = 4 Lived with fathers:
20 Lived with fathers only:  (20-17)
= 3
Lived with neither parent:
Total students - (lived with both
parents + lived with mothers only +
lived with fathers only)
= 25 - (17 + 4 + 3)
= 25 - (24)
=1
1 student lived with neither parent.

Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or similar problems.
method generalized so as
to be useful for future
problems?
10. For each of the following statements, determine whether the statement is true or false. If the
statement is true, give two specific examples that illustrate the statement. If it is false, give
specific counter example.
a. If a < b, then a + c < b + c.
b. If a < b, then ac < bc.
c. If person X knows person Y and person Y knows person Z, then person X knows person Z.
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
Understand the  What is the problem all  This is a problem about of which
problem. about? are exact of given statement.
 What is being asked?  To task is to determine what is true
or false.
Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solved by
 Use a variable and mathematical formula, statements and
choose helpful names for examples.
variables or unknowns.

Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to  The problem can be solved through
the problem? the means of supporting statement
with meaningful examples.
 a. True A + C < B + C = 1 B = 3 C
=2
 b. Trues AC < BC A = 21 B = 3 C
=21x2<3x2
 c. False person x say know y but
not person 2 therefore, X is the
counter example for not knowing 2
Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or similar problems.
method generalized so as
to be useful for future
problems?

11. How many forty-passenger buses are needed for a school field trip if 156 students and five
teachers will be going on the field trip? (They need to be legal for liability.)
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
Understand the  What is the problem all  This is a problem about the
problem. about? passengers that needs to ride a bus.
 What is being asked?  The task is to determine how many
buses are needed for the passengers.
 Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solved by
 Use a variable and mathematical arithmetic operation and
choose helpful names for analyzation. That can convert the
variables or unknowns. number of student in to an even
number.

Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to  The problem can be solved by
the problem? addition and analyzation. That can
convert the number of student in to an
even number.

156 student + 5 teachers = 161

passenger
161 passengers  40 passenger= 4.1R
1 can’t able to go and 4 buses needed
for field trip.

Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or similar problems.
method generalized so as
to be useful for future
problems?

12. A grocery store is having a special on cans of soup, which are normally priced at Php 45.00
per can. The advertisement reads 3 for Php 100.00. You buy only one can of soup. How much
does it cost?
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
Understand the  What is the problem all  This is a problem about the cost of
problem. about? can soup you buy for one person.
 What is being asked?  The task is to determine what cost
will pay for a one can soup of every
person.
 Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solved using
 Use a variable and your own analyzation skills of buying
choose helpful names for a goods like soup.
variables or unknowns.

Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to  The problem was already solved
the problem? base of the student problem. It
mentioned the normally priced per can
is 45 pesos and 3 cans of soup for 100
pesos is just their promotion.

Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or similar problems.
method generalized so as
to be useful for future
problems?

13. Bill and Sue both work a night shift. Bill has every seventh night off and Sue has every
fourth night off. If they both have night off, how many nights will it be before they are both off
at the same time again?
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
Understand the  What is the problem all  This is a problem about the number
problem. about? of nights that the employee’s will
 What is being asked? encounter before they react the same
shift again.
 The task is to determine the nights
it will be before they are both off at
 the same time again.
Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solved using a
 Use a variable and mathematical analyzation with one of
choose helpful names for operational arithmetic.
variables or unknowns.

Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to  The problem can be solved using
the problem? multiplication of the off of both
employee’s.

 Mathematically, we have
7 = bills nights off
4 = sue nights off
7 x 4 = 28 total of their both nights
off.

Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or similar problems.
method generalized so as
to be useful for future
problems?

14. How many different rectangles with an area of twelve square units can be formed using units
squares?
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
Understand the  What is the problem all  This is a problem about different
problem. about? rectangles that can be formed using
 What is being asked? unit squares.
 The task is to determine the
number of rectangles with an area as
twelve square units can be formed
using unit square.
 Devise a plan. Draw pictures. The problem solved by putting
 Use a variable and choose down each areas of square to formed a
helpful names for variables rectangle.
or unknowns.

Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to the  In total, these could be 4 are
problem? possible rectangles formed with an
area of 12 square units.

1 sq²-12 sq²

4-3

3–4

2–6

Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or method similar problems.
generalized so as to be useful
for future problems?

15. Compare these two problems: (1) Kim made 1 out of 3 free throws on one day and 1 out of 4
free throws the next day. What fraction represents the portion of free throws Kim made over the
two days? (2) Kim ate 1/3 of a pie one day and ¼ of a pie the next day. What fraction represent
the amount of the pie Kim ate over the two days?
POLYA’S STEPS GUIDE QUESTION ANSWER
Understand the  What is the problem all  This is a problem about the
problem. about? representation of Kim made the four
 What is being asked? days using fraction formed.
  The task is to determine the amount
of the pie Kim ate over the two days.
Devise a plan. Draw pictures.  The problem can be solved using
 Use a variable and choose mathematical analyzation and means
helpful names for variables of fraction.
or unknowns.

Carry out the plan.  What is the solution to the  The problem can be solved using
problem? means of fraction between Kim and
Kate pies.
1. 1/3 free throws
1/8 free throws next day
2. In addition, 1/3 at the price Kim ate
and 1/4 of price Kate ate next day
during practices.

Look Back.  Did you answer the  Yes. The question is answered.
question?  This method is required in solving
 Can the problem or method similar problems.
generalized so as to be useful
for future problems?

Exercise 2

DATA MANAGEMENT

.
1. Present and analyze the Data using the bar Graph and pie chart
 Electronic Equipments

32.9 25.53.812.8 0.7 0.9 CRT Tv's CRT Monitors

38.8 Printers, Keyboards, Desktop Computers
Mice
Laptop Computers Projection TV's
Cell Phones LCD Monitors
751.1

Electronic Equipments
LCD Monitors 0.09
Cellphones 0.07
Projection TV's 12.8
Laptop Computers 3.8 Electronic Equipment
Desktop Computers 25.5
Printers, Keyboards, Mice 32.9
CRT Monitors 38.8
CRT TV's 751.1

0 100200300400500600700800

2. The mean salary of ten employees is Php 32,000, and the median is Php 30,000. The highest-
paid employee gets a Php 5,000 raise.
A. What is the new mean salary of the ten employees?

x=
∑x
n
320,00+5,000
=32,5000
10
B. What is the new median salary of the ten employees?
 30,000
3. The Department of Trade and Industry surveyed the price of unleaded gasoline at gas station
in Tagum City and Digos City. The raw data, in pesos per gallon, are given in the table below.
TAGUM CITY 48.25 49.25 48.65 50.10 47.80 49.10
DIGOS CITY 50.10 48.90 47.95 48.99 48.25 49.85
a. Find the mean price in each city. Which city has the lowest mean?
Tagum City = 48.94 Digos City = 49.00
b. Find the standard deviation of prices in each city.
Tagum City = 1.69 Digos City = 2.14
c. Which city has the more consistently priced gasoline? Why?
- Digos City has more consistently price of gas because it has higher mean od standard deviation
unlike Tagum City.
Tagum City (x-x) (x-x) 2  Digos City (x-x) (x-x) 2 
(Pesos per (Pesos per
gallon) gallon)
47.80 -1.14 1.2996 47.5 -1.05 1.1025
48.65 -0.29 .0841 48.25 0.75 .5625
48.75 -0.19 .0361 48.90 -0.1 .01
4.
49.25 0.16 .0256 The 48.99 -0.01 1
49.25 0.31 .0961 49.85 .85 .7225
50.10 1.16 1.3456 50.10 1.1 1.21
293.65 ∑ ( x−x ) 2=2.88 294.04 ∑ ( x−x ) 2=4.60
∑ x =¿ 6
¿ Standard Deviation ∑ x =¿ 6
¿ Standard Deviation

= 48.94 (mean) ¿ √ 2.8871 = 49.00 ¿ √ 4.60

=1.69 (mean) =2.14
amount time between taking a pain reliever and getting relief is normally distributed with a mean
of 25 minutes and a standard deviation of 3 minutes. Find the probability that the time between
taking the medication and getting relief is as follows.
a. At least 30 minutes
30−25
z= = 1.66
3
b. At least 20 minutes
x−n 20−25
z= ¿ = -1.66
3 3
5. All coming freshmen at a major university are given a mathematics diagnostic exam. The
scores are normally distributed with a mean of 120 and a standard deviation of 25. If a student
scores less than a certain score, he or she will have to undergo an intervention program. Find the
cutoff score at which 64% of the students would have to undergo the intervention program.
x−n
z=
σ
zσ =x−M
zσ + M =x
x=9+ 120
x=129

6. State whether the mean, the median, or the mode is being used and justify your answer.
a. In 2012, there as many people aged 25 and younger in the world as there were people aged 25
and older.

b. The majority of full-time students carry a load of 21 credit units per semester.
Units: 21 20 18 19 21 21 20 19 21

x= 21 Highest Frequency
c. The average annual return on an investment is 10.5%