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Name: Id Abdisa Gemechu R/0017/08

This document contains a student assignment on process control and instrumentation. It includes 6 questions related to pressure measurements, manometers, hydraulic systems, and temperature control. The student provides step-by-step solutions and calculations to determine absolute pressure, gauge pressure, fluid pressures and diameters based on given manometer readings and system parameters. Feedback and feedforward control configurations are proposed to regulate temperature in a house by controlling the fuel oil flow rate.

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Abdisa Gemechu
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149 views5 pages

Name: Id Abdisa Gemechu R/0017/08

This document contains a student assignment on process control and instrumentation. It includes 6 questions related to pressure measurements, manometers, hydraulic systems, and temperature control. The student provides step-by-step solutions and calculations to determine absolute pressure, gauge pressure, fluid pressures and diameters based on given manometer readings and system parameters. Feedback and feedforward control configurations are proposed to regulate temperature in a house by controlling the fuel oil flow rate.

Uploaded by

Abdisa Gemechu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ADAMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL CHEMICAL AND MATERIAL ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

PROCESS CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION

ASSIGNMENT :-1

NAME : ID №
Abdisa Gemechu R/0017/08

SUBMITTED TO: Mr. TEWODROS ABEBE

SUMMITION DATE MAY 25, 2020


Process control and instrumentation assignment one

1. A student wants to find the absolute pressure of water at a point below the surface of water.
He has a barometer and a manometer pressure gauge. The barometer reads 1.3152 bar
where as the manometer pressure gauge reads 0.3152 bar. What is the absolute pressure?
(Assume that pressure at one end of the manometer is atmospheric).
Solution:-
Barometer measures the atmospheric pressure whereas manometer measures the
gauge pressure.
Hence: we need to add the given values of barometer and manometer to get absolute
pressure
Absolute pressure = manometer pressure (gauge pressure)+barometer(atmospheric
pressure)
1.3152 bar+0.3152 bar
=1.6304 bar
Absolute pressure= 1.6304bar

2.The below figure shows an inclined U-tube mercury manometer. The vertical end of the tube is
exposed to a gas of gauge pressure 50 kPa and the inclined end is exposed to the atmosphere. The
inclined part of the tube is at an angle of 30° with the horizontal. Find the value of h (in cm) (take
g = 9.8 m/s2, ρ mercury =13600kg/m3.

Solution
Given Required P=50kpa=50,000pa
h=?(cm)

g=9.8m/s2 ρ=13600kg/m3 ϴ=30°

Gauge pressure in an inclined manometer is given by


P = ρ.g.h.sin (Ɵ). Substituting P, ρ and
Ɵ,

P=ρhsinϴ

1
Process control and instrumentation assignment one
h=P/ρsinϴ
=50,000kpa/13600kg/m3×sin 30° h=0.75m=75cm

3. In the manometer given above, 2 immiscible fluids mercury (ρ = 13600 kg/m 3) and water (ρ =
1000 kg/m3) are used as manometric fluids. The water end is exposed to atmosphere (100 kPa) and
the mercury end is exposed to a gas. At this position, the interface between the fluids is at the
bottom most point of the manometer. Ignore the width of the manometer tube and the radius of
curvature. The value of h is found to be 9.45 m. The height of the mercury column is given to be
75 cm. Find the gauge pressure of the gas. (g = 9.8 m/s2)

SOLUTION
Height of water column =0.75m+9.45m= 10.2m
We equate the pressure at the bottom most point

Pa + ρwghw = Pg + ρmghm
100,000pa +1000kg/m3×9.8m/s2×10.2m=Pg+13600kg/m3×9.8m/s2×0.75m

Pa=100,000pa=100kpa
Pg= 100kpa=absolute pressure
Hence gauge pressure will be 0
4. The right limb of a simple U-tube manometer containing mercury is open to the
atmosphere while the left limb is connected to a pipe in which a fluid of specific
gravity 0.9 is flowing. The center of the pipe is 12cm below the level of mercury in
the right limb. Find the pressure of fluid in the pipe if the difference of mercury level
in the two limbs is 20cm.

2
Process control and instrumentation assignment one

Solution
According to question
Specific gravity S1=0.9
ρ 1=0.9×1000kg/m3

=900kg/m3

Also specific gravity S1=13.6


ρ2=13.6×1000kg/m3=13600kg/m3 now h2=20cm=0.2m the difference

of mercury level will be h2=20cm-12cm=8cm=0.08m let

P be the pressure of fluid in pipe. So we have

P+ρ1gh1=P1+ρ2gh2
The atmosphere pressure will be P2=0
So P+900×9.8×0.08=13600×9.8×0.2
P+705.6-26656
P=25950N/m2=2.595N/cm2

5. Two pistons connected by a pipe are filled with oil. The larger piston has 3.2 ft
diameter and has a force of 763 lb applied to it. What is the diameter of the smaller piston
if it can support a force of 27 lb?
Solution
F1=763lb
D1=3.2ft
F2=27lb D1=?
Using hydraulic system relation ship

F1/A1=F2/A2 F1/ɸ×D12=F2/ɸ×D22

3
Process control and instrumentation assignment one
763 lb/3.2ft 2=27 lb/D22 D2=0.602ft

6. consider the air-heating system used to regulate the temperature in a house. The
heat is supplied from the combustion of fuel oil.
A. Identify the control objective, the available measurement and manipulated variable.
B. What are the external disturbance for such system?
C. Develop the feedback control configuration to achieve your control objective.
D. Is a feedforward control configuration possible for achieving your control objective?

Answer
A. A control objective : regulate the temperature in a house to desired temperature.
Available measurement: house temperature, fuel oil flow rate.
Manipulated variables : fuel oil flow rate.
B. external disturbance: external temperature ,amount of heat loss through the windows
,wall and door , fuel flow rate , desired house temperature
C. Loop between house temperature and fuel oil flow rate
D. In principle YES, measure external temperature and manipulate fuel oil flow rate.
assume computable heat losses.

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