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Temperature: Uniform - (UT) Ampacity Calculation

This document describes the uniform-temperature (UT) ampacity calculation approach. It involves iteratively adjusting cable loading currents to ensure all cables in a system operate at or near the temperature limit. The calculation determines the maximum allowable load currents when cable temperatures are within a small range of the limit. It involves initial loading based on base ampacity, calculating temperatures, checking against limits, and updating loads based on temperature gradients until convergence is reached. The maximum number of iterations is set to 200 and the acceleration factor ranges from 0.0 to 2.0 to speed up calculations.

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Riyadh Zaki
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93 views1 page

Temperature: Uniform - (UT) Ampacity Calculation

This document describes the uniform-temperature (UT) ampacity calculation approach. It involves iteratively adjusting cable loading currents to ensure all cables in a system operate at or near the temperature limit. The calculation determines the maximum allowable load currents when cable temperatures are within a small range of the limit. It involves initial loading based on base ampacity, calculating temperatures, checking against limits, and updating loads based on temperature gradients until convergence is reached. The maximum number of iterations is set to 200 and the acceleration factor ranges from 0.0 to 2.0 to speed up calculations.

Uploaded by

Riyadh Zaki
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Uniform-Temperature (UT) Ampacity Calculation Page 1 of 1

Uniform-Temperature (UT) Ampacity Calculation


This approach is based on the equal temperature criterion for ampacity calculation. It determines the maximum allowable
load currents when all the cables in the system have their temperature within a small range of the temperature limit. Since
all the conductors in a cable branch are assumed to equally share the load current, in the case where these conductors are
not located in the same conduit/location, they may not have the same temperature. When this situation occurs, the
temperature of the hottest conductor in this cable branch will be used to represent this cable branch.

The calculation involves an iterative process, which adjusts cable loading current in each iteration so that the cable
temperature approaches the temperature limit. The load adjustment in each step is determined based on the gradient of
cable temperature change and therefore offers fast convergence to the solution. The following steps are involved in the
calculation:

1. Determine an initial loading level based on the base ampacity from the Cable Library and using cable derating
factors for the given configuration.

2. Calculate cable temperature as in the steady-state temperature calculation described above.

3. Check cable temperature values against the cable temperature limit. If the temperature values of all the cables are
within close range of temperature limit, the solution has been reached. If not, determine the load change required
for the cable temperature to approach the temperature limit based on the gradient of cable temperature change.

4. Update the cable loading and go back to step 2 to recalculate cable temperature.

If the Update Currents from the Ampacity Calculation option is checked in the study case, the cable allowable current will
be updated by the calculated ampacity.

If for any of the cables the Fixed Current option from the Loading page of the Cable Editor is checked then Uniform
Temperature calculations cannot be conducted. In this situation ETAP stops the calculations and provide an error message
informing the user that UGS contains a cable with fixed ampacity.

Maximum Number of Iterations


The maximum number of iterations for uniform-ampacity and uniform-temperature calculations is set to 200. To modify,
change the value for the Max. No. of Iterations for UT and UA Calculations entry in Options (Preferences).

Acceleration Factor
The uniform-temperature ampacity acceleration factor has a range between 0.0 and 2.0. The value can be set higher than
the default setting of 0.5 to speed up the calculation; however, the calculation may diverge. To modify, change the value
for the UT Ampacity Acceleration Factor entry in Options (Preferences).

Underground Raceway Systems


Graphical User Interface
Edit Toolbar
Study Toolbar
Study Case Editor
Display Options
Editing a UGS
Rule Book
Underground System Editor
Raceway Editor
External Heat Source
Calculation Methods
Output Reports
Plots
Tutorial

mk:@MSITStore:C:\ETAP%201600\Etaps.chm::/Uniform_Temperature_UT_Ampacity_... 9/28/2020

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