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General Biology-1: Senior High School Grade 12 G

The document provides information about cell structure and organelles. It describes the structures and functions of major cell organelles, including the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleolus, nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, vesicles, vacuoles, centrosome, lysosomes, cell wall, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytoskeleton, flagella, and cilia. Drawings of plant and animal cells are included, and students are asked to label the parts and identify differences between plant and animal cells in a Venn diagram or table. A 3D model of a plant or animal cell is also assigned.

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Jackylyn Evangelista
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2K views6 pages

General Biology-1: Senior High School Grade 12 G

The document provides information about cell structure and organelles. It describes the structures and functions of major cell organelles, including the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleolus, nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, vesicles, vacuoles, centrosome, lysosomes, cell wall, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytoskeleton, flagella, and cilia. Drawings of plant and animal cells are included, and students are asked to label the parts and identify differences between plant and animal cells in a Venn diagram or table. A 3D model of a plant or animal cell is also assigned.

Uploaded by

Jackylyn Evangelista
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Government Property

NOT FOR SALE General Biology 1


Quarter 1 – Week 2 Module:

Senior High School


Grade 12
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
G
Cell Structure

GENERAL
BIOLOGY-1

I. What I Need to Know


After going through this module, you are expected to:
-Describe the structure and function of major and subcellular organelles (STEM_BIO11/12-Ia-c-2).

Lesson Cell Structure and Functions


2
What’s In
In lesson 1, you have learned about the cell theory and the discoveries made by scientists.

In this next topic, you will learn on the cell structure and functions that carry out basic life processes.
What I Need to Know

All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. The cells are the building block of life just as atoms
are the basic building blocks of all matter. Each cell contains materials that carry out basic life processes. Cell
structures can only be observed under high magnification electron microscope and are separated internally into
numerous membranous compartments called organelles (little organs). These organelles perform a variety of
functions like production of proteins, storage of important materials, harvesting energy, repairing cell parts,
digestion of substances, and maintaining the shape and structure of the cell.

In this lesson, you will describe the structure and function of major subcellular organelles.

What’s New

Direction: Write all the descriptions of cell organelles which are shown through the illustration.

1. Control center, stores DNA

2. Center of the nucleus, produces ribosomes

3. Controls passage of organic molecules, ions, water,


oxygen and wastes into and out of the cell

4. Provides structure to cell; gel-like fluid in which


organelles are found

5. Powerhouse of the cell‖, releases energy from food

6. Small structures for protein synthesis

7. Modifies proteins and synthesizes lipids


8. Modifies, sorts, tags, packages and
Distributes lipids and proteins

9. Garbage disposal, digestion of macro-


molecules; recycling or worn out organelles

10. Storage and transport; digestive function in plant cells.

11. Site of photosynthesis, trap sunlight


to make food

12. Protection, structural support and


maintenance of cell shape

What Is It

Cell Structure and Functions


Cells’ Structures Functions
1. Cell Membrane 1. Separates cell from external environment; controls passage of organic
molecules, ions, water, oxygen and wastes into and out of the cell

2. Cytoplasm 2. Provides structure to cell; site of many metabolic reactions; medium in


which organelles are found
3. Nucleolus 3. Location of DNA
4. Nucleus 4. Cell organelle that houses DNA and directs synthesis of ribosomes
and proteins
5. Ribosomes 5. Protein synthesis
6. Mitochondria 6. ATP production or cellular respiration
7. Peroxisomes 7. Oxidizes and breaks down fatty acids and amino acids and detoxifies
poisons
8. Vesicles and Vacuoles 8. Storage and transport; digestive
function in plant cells
9. Centrosome 9. Unspecified role in cell division in animal cells; organizing center of
microtubules in animal cells
10. Lysosomes 10. Digestion of macromolecules; recycling or worn out organelles

11. Cell wall 11. Protection, structural support and maintenance of cell shape
12. Chloroplast 12. Photosynthesis
13. Endoplasmic reticulum 13. Modifies proteins and synthesizes lipids
14. Golgi apparatus 14. Modifies, sorts, tags, packages and distributes lipids and proteins
15. Cytoskeleton 15. Maintains cell‘s shape, secure organelles on specific positions, allows
cytoplasm and vesicles to move within the cell, and enables unicellular
organisms to move independently
16. Flagella 16. Cellular locomotion
17. Cilia 17. Cellular locomotion, movement of particles along extracellular surface
of plasma membrane, and filtration
What’s More

Direction: Below are drawing of plant and animal cells. Label the parts of the cell. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper according to letters and numbers.

PLANT CELL AMIMAL CELL

What I Have Learned


Direction: Using a Venn Diagram or Tabular form show the difference between a plant cell and animal cell.

Features Plant Cell Animal Cell


Cell Shape Rectangular (fixed shape) Round (irregular shape)
Cell Wall Present and is formed of cellulose Absent
Cell Membrane Present and is covered by the cell wall Present
Nucleus Present Present
Vacuole A large central vacuole taking up 90% of the cell One or more small vacuoles
volume
Plastids Present Present
Chloroplast Present and make their own food Absent
Endoplasmic Reticulum Present Present
Ribosomes Present Present
Mitichondria Present Present

What I Can Do
Direction: Construct a 3D model of a plant/animal cell using indigenous or recyclable materials and label the
parts.

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