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Answer All The Following Questions

This document is a final exam for a course on two-phase flow. It contains three questions testing knowledge of two-phase flow principles and calculations. Question 1 involves describing two-tube boiler operation, proving equations for homogeneous density and volume flow ratio, and performing calculations for a gas-liquid flow problem. Question 2 involves describing vertical gas-solid and horizontal gas-liquid flow patterns, proving an equation using separated flow model, and calculating pressure drop. Question 3 involves discussing momentum flux measurement, two-phase analysis methods, proving an equation for two-phase multiplier, and calculating total pressure drop for single-phase and two-phase steam-water flow.

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109 views3 pages

Answer All The Following Questions

This document is a final exam for a course on two-phase flow. It contains three questions testing knowledge of two-phase flow principles and calculations. Question 1 involves describing two-tube boiler operation, proving equations for homogeneous density and volume flow ratio, and performing calculations for a gas-liquid flow problem. Question 2 involves describing vertical gas-solid and horizontal gas-liquid flow patterns, proving an equation using separated flow model, and calculating pressure drop. Question 3 involves discussing momentum flux measurement, two-phase analysis methods, proving an equation for two-phase multiplier, and calculating total pressure drop for single-phase and two-phase steam-water flow.

Uploaded by

ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Mansoura University 3rd year Mech.

Faculty of Engineering Jan. 2017


Dept. of Power Mech. Eng. Exam Type: Final
Course Title: Two-Phase Flow Time: 3 Hours
Course Code: MPE4315 Full Mark: 60
Answer all the following questions. ‫اﻻﻣﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺛﻼث ورﻗﺎت‬
1) (a) Describe with drawing the operation principles of the two-tube boiler with
circulation. [3 Marks]

(b) Prove that

ρH = 1 / [(x)/ρG + (1-x)/ ρL]

where ρH, ρG, ρL and x are the homogeneous density, the gas density, the liquid density
and the dryness fraction. [3 Marks]

(c) Prove that

β = (xνG) / (xνG + (1-x)νL)

where β, x, νG and νL are the volume flow ratio, the dryness fraction, the gas specific
volume and the liquid specific volume, respectively. [3 Marks]

(d) Liquid and gas flow in a 4 in. pipe. The liquid and gas velocities are 3.0 and 5.0
m/sec, respectively. The gas cross-sectional ratio (α) is equal to 0.4. Evaluate:

(i) The gas and liquid mass velocities and homogeneous velocity.
(ii) The velocity ratio (k).
(iii) The gas and liquid superficial velocities.
(iv) The dryness fraction (x).
(v) The mixture density and the homogeneous density.
(vi) The slip velocity and the drift velocity.
(vii) The single phase friction pressure gradients DpFL0, DpFL, DpFG0 and DpFG.
Take the single phase friction factor as λ=0.2/Re0.2.
(viii) The multipliers φFL0, φFL, φFG0, φFG0 taking the two-phase pressure gradient
due to friction as 350 mbar/m.
(ix) The Lockhart-Martinelli parameter and the excess dimensionless pressure
drop.
The physical properties are:
υG = 0.84 m3/kg
υL = 1*10-3 m3/kg
μG = 1.789*10-5 N.sec/m2
μL = 1.002*10-3 N.sec/m2 [11 Marks]

P.T.O

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2) (a)- Describe with drawing the flow patterns that can be occurred in vertical gas-solid
flows in a circular duct. [3 Marks]

(b)- Describe with drawing the flow patterns that can be occurred in horizontal gas-liquid
flows in a circular duct. [3 Marks]

(c) Using the separated flow model, prove that:


 1− x
v e = [xvG + k (1 − x )v L ]  x +
 k 
where ve, x, k, vG and vL are the effective momentum specific volume, the dryness
fraction, the velocity ratio, the gas specific volume and the liquid specific volume,
respectively. [4 Marks]

(d)- For a vertical tube of 16.0 mm internal diameter, determine the pressure drop due to
the momentum forces if flow is upwards with the vapor quality (x) changing from 0.2 to
0.5 and total mass flow rate = 0.0402 kg/s. Known that the void fraction changes from
0.1 to 0.19.

The physical properties are:


Liquid density = 1300 kg/m3; vapor density = 20 kg/m3;
Liquid viscosity = 0.0002 Ns/m2; vapor viscosity = 0.00001 Ns/m2 [8 Marks]

3) (a) Discuss briefly how the momentum flux can be measured. Also, evaluate the value
of the velocity ratio at which the momentum flux will have its minimum value. [4 Marks]

(b) Discuss the different methods of analysis of the two-phase problems. [4 Marks]

−1
 x 1− x
(c) Using the homogeneous theory and assuming that µ TP = +  , prove that:
 µG µL 
−n
 v   µ 
ϕ 2
FL 0 = 1 +  G − 1 x  1 + x L − 1
  v L     µG 
where µ TP, µ L µ G,, φ2FL0, vG, vL, n and x are the two-phase viscosity, the liquid viscosity,
the gas viscosity, the two-phase multiplier, the gas specific volume, the liquid specific
volume, Blasius equation exponent and the dryness fraction, respectively. [4 Marks]

(d) A steam and water flow through an inclined (θ=45°) adiabatic pipe (no phase change)
with internal diameter of 50 mm and 3.5 m length at superficial velocities of 7 m/s and
2.5 m/s, respectively. The values of the void fraction, λL0 and λG0 are 0.25, 0.027 and
0.02, respectively. Calculate the total pressure drop (pressure drop due to friction +
pressure drop due to gravity + pressure drop due to momentum) if:
1. Steam flows alone in the pipe with the total mass velocity value (G=GL+GG).
2. Water flows alone in the pipe with the total mass velocity value (G=GL+GG).
3. Steam and water (two-phase) flow in the pipe.

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where:
 21Γ − 2 2− n + 2
 when Γ f 8.9
 Γ2 −1
ε/D=0.0015 and B s = 
 2− n
2 − 1 when Γ p 8.9

( )[ (2−n ) / 2
ϕ 2FL 0 = 1 + Γ 2 − 1 Bx (2−n ) / 2 (1 − x ) + x 2− n ]
(0.25− n ) 0.25
B R    µ G  
2

= 0.51 +   + 10 −600ε D 
BS    µ L  
 
where BR and BS and n are the B coefficient parameter for rough and smooth pipes,
respectively. n is the Blasius equation exponent.
The physical properties are
vG = 32*10-3 m3/kg, vL = 1.0*10-3 m3/kg , μL = 100*10-6 N.s/m2 and μG = 20*10-6 N.s/m2
[10 Marks]

Good Luck Dr. Mohamed Mansour

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