Astable Multi Vibrator: Prior To The Lab Session
Astable Multi Vibrator: Prior To The Lab Session
Objectives:
1. To study the operation and observe the wave forms of Astable Multivibrator.
2. To Design an Astable Multivibrator to generate a square wave of 1KHz frequency using
Transistor.
Apparatus:
Circuit diagram:
Fig. 1.1 Astable Multivibrator
Theory:
The Astable circuit has two quasi-stable states. Without external triggering signal the Astable
configuration will make successive transitions from one quasi-stable state to the other. The Astable
circuit is an oscillator. It is also called as free running multivibrator and is used to generate “Square
Wave”. Since it does not require triggering signal, fast switching is possible.
Operation:
Design Procedure:
T = 1.38 RC
Let VCC = 12V; hfe = 51 (for BC107), VBESat = 0.7V; VCESat = 0.3V Let C = 0.1 F & T = 1mSec.
Let ICmax=10mA
Procedure:
Expected Waveforms:
Theoretical calculations: F = 1/ T = (1/1.38RC)
R = 10K C = 0.1 F
Result:
An Astable Multivibrator is designed; the waveforms are observed and verified the results
theoretically.
Viva Questions:
Ans:The state which is unstable or semi stable is called quasi stable state.
1. Is it possible to change time period of the waveform with out changing R & C?
Ans: when Q2 is ON capacitor C2 charges through resistor RC 1 from Vcc and the capacitor
c1 discharges through resistor R 1, when Q1 is ON and Q2 is OFF the capacitor C1 charges
through
Ans: Astable and analog circuits multivibrators are used in amateur radio equipment to
receive and transmit radio signals .These are also used in morse code generators, timers,
and systems that require a square wave, including television broadcasts.
Ans:A voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is one in which the frequency of oscillations varies
as a function of voltage. The same circuit is also called a voltage-to-frequency converter
(VFC) because a given voltage gives rise to a specific frequency.
1. What is the formula for frequency of oscillations? Design R and C for a frequency of 2KHz
of a symmetric Astable oscillator.gfhfhfhfhfh
Ans: It is defined as the ratio of conducting time period to total time period of the cycle.
Design problems
Outcomes: After finishing this experiment students are able to design Astable Multivibrator and
explain the operation of the same.