SCOA Unit I MCQ

1. Membership function defines the fuzziness in a fuzzy set irrespective of the elements
in the set, which are discrete or continuous.

A.True

B. False

2. The membership functions are generally represented in

A.Tabular Form

B. Graphical Form

C.Mathematical Form

D.Logical Form

3. Membership function can be thought of as a technique to solve empirical problems

on the basis of

A.knowledge

B. examples

C.learning

D.experience

4. Three main basic features involved in characterizing membership function are

A.Intution, Inference, Rank Ordering

B. Fuzzy Algorithm, Neural network, Genetic Algorithm

 C.Core, Support , Boundary

D.Weighted Average, center of Sums, Median

5. The region of universe that is characterized by complete membership in

the set is called

A.Core

B. Support

C.Boundary

D.Fuzzy

6. A fuzzy set whose membership function has at least one element x in the universe
whose membership value
is unity is called
A.sub normal fuzzy sets

B. normal fuzzy set

C.convex fuzzy set

D.concave fuzzy set

7. In a Fuzzy set a prototypical element has a value

A.1

B. 0

C.infinite

D.Not defined
8. A fuzzy set wherein no membership function has its value equal to 1 is called

A.normal fuzzy set

B. Subnormal fuzzy set.

C.convex fuzzy set

D.concave fuzzy set

9. A fuzzy set has a membership function whose membership values are strictly
monotonically increasing or strictly monotonically decreasing or strictly
monotonically increasing than strictly monotonically decreasing with increasing
values for elements in the universe
A.convex fuzzy set

B. concave fuzzy set

C.Non concave Fuzzy set

D.Non Convex Fuzzy set

10. The membership values of the membership function are nor strictly monotonically
increasing or decreasing or strictly monoronically increasing than decreasing.

A.Convex Fuzzy Set

B. Non convex fuzzy set

C.Normal Fuzzy set

D.Sub normal fuzzy set

11. The crossover points of a membership function are defined as the elements in the
universe for which a particular fuzzy set has values equal to
 A.infinite

B. 1

C.0

D.0.5

12. Fuzzy Computing

A.doesnt deal with 2 valued logic

B. mimics human behaviour

C.deals with information which is vague, imprecise, uncertain, ambiguous, inexact, or

probabilistic

D.All of the above

13. ANN is composed of large number of highly interconnected processing

elements(neurons) working in unison to solve problems.
A.True

B. False

14. Artificial neural network used for

A.Pattern Recognition

B. Classification

C.Clustering

D.All of these

15. A Neural Network can answer

 A.For Loop questions

B. what-if questions

C.IF-The-Else Analysis Questions

D.None of these

16. Ability to learn how to do tasks based on the data given for training or
initial experience

A.Self Organization

B. Adaptive Learning

C.Fault tolerance

D.Robustness

17. Feature of ANN in which ANN creates its own organization or representation of
information it receives during learning time is

A.Adaptive Learning

B. Self Organization

C.What-If Analysis

D.Supervised Learniing

18. In artificial Neural Network interconnected processing elements are called

A.nodes or neurons
 B. weights

C.axons

D.Soma

19. Each connection link in ANN is associated with ________ which has information
about the input signal.

A.neurons

B. weights

C.bias

D.activation function

20. Neurons or artificial neurons have the capability to model networks of original
neurons as found in brain

A.True

B. False

21. Internal state of neuron is called __________, is the function of the inputs the
neurons receives

A.Weight

B. activation or activity level of neuron

C.Bias

D.None of these
22. Neuron can send ________ signal at a time.

A.multiple

B. one

C.none

D.any number of

23. Artificial intelligence is

A.It uses machine-learning techniques. Here program can learn From past experience and
adapt themselves to new situations

B. Computational procedure that takes some value as input and produces some value as
output.

C.Science of making machines performs tasks that would require intelligence when
performed by humans

D.None of these

24. Expert systems

A.Combining different types of method or information

B. Approach to the design of learning algorithms that is structured along the lines of
the theory of evolution

C.an information base filled with the knowledge of an expert formulated in terms
 of if-then rules

D.None of these

25. Falsification is

A.Modular design of a software application that facilitates the integration of new modules

B. Showing a universal law or rule to be invalid by providing a counter example

C.A set of attributes in a database table that refers to data in another table

D.None of these

26. Evolutionary computation is

A.Combining different types of method or information

B. Approach to the design of learning algorithms that is structured along the lines of the
theory of evolution.

C.Decision support systems that contain an information base filled with the knowledge of
an expert formulated in terms of if-then rules.

D.None of these

27. Extendible architecture is

A.Modular design of a software application that facilitates the integration of new modules

B. Showing a universal law or rule to be invalid by providing a counter example

C.A set of attributes in a database table that refers to data in another table
 D.None of these

28. Massively parallel machine is

A.A programming language based on logic

B. A computer where each processor has its own operating system, its own memory, and its
own hard disk

C.Describes the structure of the contents of a database.

D.None of these

29. Search space

A.The large set of candidate solutions possible for a problem

B. The information stored in a database that can be, retrieved with a single query.

C.Worth of the output of a machine learning program that makes it understandable for
humans

D.None of these

30. n(log n) is referred to

A.A measure of the desired maximal complexity of data mining algorithms

B. A database containing volatile data used for the daily operation of an organization

C.Relational database management system

D.None of these

31. Perceptron is
 A.General class of approaches to a problem.

B. Performing several computations simultaneously

C.Structures in a database those are statistically relevant

D.Simple forerunner of modern neural networks, without hidden layers

32. Prolog is

A.A programming language based on logic

B. A computer where each processor has its own operating system, its own memory, and its
own hard disk

C.Describes the structure of the contents of a database

D.None of these

33. Shallow knowledge

A.The large set of candidate solutions possible for a problem

B. The information stored in a database that can be, retrieved with a single query

C.Worth of the output of a machine learning program that makes it understandable for
humans

D.None of these

34. Quantitative attributes are

A.A reference to the speed of an algorithm, which is quadratically dependent on the size of
 the data

B. Attributes of a database table that can take only numerical values

C.Tools designed to query a database

D.None of these

35. Subject orientation

A.The science of collecting, organizing, and applying numerical facts

B. Measure of the probability that a certain hypothesis is incorrect given certain

observations.

C.One of the defining aspects of a data warehouse, which is specially built around all the
existing applications of the operational data

D.None of these

36. Vector

A.It do not need the control of the human operator during their execution

B. An arrow in a multi-dimensional space. It is a quantity usually characterized by an

ordered set of scalars

C.The validation of a theory on the basis of a finite number of examples

D.None of these

37. Transparency
 A.The large set of candidate solutions possible for a problem

B. The information stored in a database that can be retrieved with a single query

C.Worth of the output of a machine learning program that makes it understandable for
humans

D.None of these

38. Core of soft Computing is

A.Fuzzy Computing, Neural Computing, Genetic Algorithms

B. Fuzzy Networks and Artificial Intelligence

C.Artificial Intelligence and Neural Science

D.Neural Science and Genetic Science

39. Who initiated the idea of Soft Computing

A.Charles Darwin

B. Lofti A Zadeh

C.Rechenberg

D.Mc_Culloch

40. Fuzzy Computing

A.mimics human behaviour

B. doesnt deal with 2 valued logic

C.deals with information which is vague, imprecise, uncertain, ambiguous, inexact, or

probabilistic

D.All of the above

41. Neural Computing

 A.mimics human brain

B. information processing paradigm

C.Both (a) and (b)

D.None of the above

42. Genetic Algorithm are a part of

A.Evolutionary Computing

B. inspired by Darwin's theory about evolution - "survival of the fittest"

C.are adaptive heuristic search algorithm based on the evolutionary ideas of natural
selection and genetics

D.All of the above

43. What are the 2 types of learning

A.Improvised and unimprovised

B. supervised and unsupervised

C.Layered and unlayered

D.None of the above

44. Supervised Learning is

A.learning with the help of examples

B. learning without teacher

C.learning with the help of teacher

D.learning with computers as supervisor

45. Unsupervised learning is

A.learning without computers

B. problem based learning

 C.learning from environment

D.learning from teachers

46. Conventional Artificial Intelligence is different from soft computing in the sense

A.Conventional Artificial Intelligence deal with prdicate logic where as soft computing deal
with fuzzy logic

B. Conventional Artificial Intelligence methods are limited by symbols where as soft

computing is based on empirical data

C.Both (a) and (b)

47. In supervised learning

A.classes are not predefined

B. classes are predefined

C.classes are not required

D. classification is not done

 SCOA UNIT 2 MCQs

Question No Question Answer Key

1. Membership function defines the fuzziness in a fuzzy set A
irrespective of the elements in the set, which are discrete or
continuous.
A.True
B. False
2. B
The membership functions are generally represented in
A.Tabular Form
B. Graphical Form
C.Mathematical Form
D.Logical Form
3. D
Membership function can be thought of as a technique to solve
empirical problems on the basis of
A.knowledge
B. examples
C.learning
 SCOA UNIT 2 MCQs

D.experience
4. C
Three main basic features involved in characterizing membership
function are
A.Intution, Inference, Rank Ordering
B. Fuzzy Algorithm, Neural network, Genetic Algorithm
C.Core, Support , Boundary
D.Weighted Average, center of Sums, Median
5. The region of universe that is characterized by complete A
membership in the set is called
A.Core
B. Support
C.Boundary
D.Fuzzy
6. B
A fuzzy set whose membership function has at least one element x
in the universe whose membership value
is unity is called
A.sub normal fuzzy sets
 SCOA UNIT 2 MCQs

B. normal fuzzy set

C.convex fuzzy set
D.concave fuzzy set
7. A
In a Fuzzy set a prototypical element has a value
A.1
B. 0
C.infinite
D.Not defined
8. B
A fuzzy set wherein no membership function has its value equal to
1 is called
A.normal fuzzy set
B. subnormal fuzzy set.
C.convex fuzzy set
D.concave fuzzy set
9. A
A fuzzy set has a membership function whose membership values
 SCOA UNIT 2 MCQs

are strictly monotonically increasing or strictly monotonically

decreasing or strictly monotonically increasing than strictly
monotonically decreasing with increasing values for elements in
the universe
A.convex fuzzy set
B. concave fuzzy set
C.Non concave Fuzzy set
D.Non Convex Fuzzy set
10. B
The membership values of the membership function are nor
strictly monotonically increasing or decreasing or strictly
monoronically increasing than decreasing.
A.Convex Fuzzy Set
B. Non convex fuzzy set
C.Normal Fuzzy set
D.Sub normal fuzzy set
11. D
Fuzzy Computing
A.doesnt deal with 2 valued logic
 SCOA UNIT 2 MCQs

B. mimics human behaviour

C.deals with information which is vague, imprecise, uncertain,
ambiguous, inexact, or probabilistic
D.All of the above
12. Defuzzification is done to obtain a
a) Crisp output
b) The best rule to follow
c) Precise fuzzy value
d) None of the above
13. “The train is running fast”. Here ‘fast’ can be represented by a
a) Fuzzy Set
b) Crisp Set
c) Fuzzy and Crisp Set
d) None of the mentioned
14. Suppose, a fuzzy set Young is defined as follows: a
Young = (10, 0.5), (20, 0.8), (30, 0.8), (40, 0.5), (50, 0.3)
Then the crisp value of Young using MoM method is
a) 25
b) 20
c) 35
d) 50
15. f the fuzzy set has two sub regions, then the centre of gravity of the sub c
region _________________ can be used to calculate the defuzzified
value.
a) with the median of all the area
 SCOA UNIT 2 MCQs

b) with the mean of all the area

c) with the largest area
d) with the smallest area
16. Which of the following is not a centroid method? d
a) Centre of gravity method (CoG)
b) Centre of sum method (CoS)
c) Centre of area method (CoA)
d) Centre of Mass (CoM)
17. What are the following sequence of steps taken in designing a fuzzy a
logic machine?
(a) Fuzzification->Rule evaluation->Defuzzification
(b) Rule evaluation->Fuzzification->Defuzzification
(c) Fuzzy Sets->Defuzzification->Rule evaluation
(d) Defuzzification->Rule evaluation->Fuzzification
18. If A is a fuzzy set, then (A λ)complement ≠ ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯( Aλ)complement a
(a) except for value of λ=0.5
(b) except for value of λ=1
(c) except for value of λ=0
(d) for all values of λ
19. The cardinality of the given set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} B
a) 2
b) 5
c) 4
d) 1
20. If x is A then y is B else y is c then the relation R is equivalent to b
a) (A × B) + (B × C)
b) A × B) ∪ (A × C)
 SCOA UNIT 2 MCQs

c) (A × B) → (B × C)
d) (A × C) ∪ (B × C)
21. What are the applications of Fuzzy Inference Systems? d
a) Wireless services, heat control and printers
b) Restrict power usage, telephone lines and sort data
c) Simulink, boiler and CD recording
d) Automatic control, decision analysis and data classification
22. Fuzzy logic is a form of : c
a) Two valued logic
b) Crisp set logic
c) Many valued logic
d) Binary set logic
23. The main objective of fuzzy AHP is: d
a) To increase the ambiguity of human judgement
b) Eliminate the ambiguous and vagueness of the human judgement
c) Control human biasness
d) B and C
24. In triangular fuzzy number (l, m, u), what does ‘m’ represents: C
a) Smallest likely value
b) Most probable value
c) Largest possible value
d) None of the above
25. Which type of normalization method is used to eliminate the units of b
criteria in case of VIKOR analysis?
a) Vector normalization
b) Linear normalization
c) Both A and B
 SCOA UNIT 2 MCQs

d) None of the above

26. Fuzzy logic is a form of Answer: c
Explanation: With fuzzy
a) Two-valued logic logic set membership is
b) Crisp set logic defined by certain value.
c) Many-valued logic Hence it could have many
d) Binary set logic values to be in the set.

27. Traditional set theory is also known as Crisp Set theory. Answer: a
Explanation: Traditional set
a) True theory set membership is
b) False fixed or exact either the
member is in the set or not.
There is only two crisp
values true or false. In case
of fuzzy logic there are
many values. With weight
say x the member is in the
set.

3. The truth values of

traditional set theory is
____________ and that of
fuzzy set is __________

28. The truth values of traditional set theory is ____________ and that of Answer: a
fuzzy set is __________ Explanation: Refer the
 SCOA UNIT 2 MCQs

definition of Fuzzy set and

a) Either 0 or 1, between 0 & 1 Crisp set.
b) Between 0 & 1, either 0 or 1
c) Between 0 & 1, between 0 & 1
d) Either 0 or 1, either 0 or 1

29. How many types of random variables are available? Answer: c

Explanation: The three
a) 1 types of random variables
b) 2 are Boolean, discrete and
c) 3 continuous.
d) 4

30. The room temperature is hot. Here the hot (use of linguistic variable is Answer: a
used) can be represented by _______ . Explanation: Fuzzy logic
deals with linguistic
a) Fuzzy Set variables.
b) Crisp Set

31. The values of the set membership is represented by Answer: b

Explanation: Both
a) Discrete Set Probabilities and degree of
b) Degree of truth truth ranges between 0 – 1.
c) Probabilities
d) Both b & c

32. What is meant by probability density function? d

 SCOA UNIT 2 MCQs

a) Probability distributions
b) Continuous variable
c) Discrete variable
d) Probability distributions for Continuous variables

33. Which of the following is used for probability theory sentences? Answer: c
Explanation: The version of
a) Conditional logic probability theory we
b) Logic present uses an extension of
c) Extension of propositional logic propositional logic for its
d) None of the mentioned sentences.

34. Fuzzy Set theory defines fuzzy operators. Choose the fuzzy operators Answer: a, b, c
from the following. Explanation: The AND,
OR, and NOT operators of
a) AND Boolean logic exist in fuzzy
b) OR logic, usually defined as the
c) NOT minimum, maximum, and
d) EX-OR complement;

35. Fuzzy logic is usually represented as Answer: b

Explanation: Fuzzy set
a) IF-THEN-ELSE rules theory defines fuzzy
b) IF-THEN rules operators on fuzzy sets. The
c) Both a & b problem in applying this is
d) None of the mentioned that the appropriate fuzzy
 SCOA UNIT 2 MCQs

operator may not be known.

For this reason, fuzzy logic
usually uses IF-THEN rules,
or constructs that are
equivalent, such as fuzzy
associative matrices.
Rules are usually expressed
in the form:
IF variable IS property
THEN action

36. ______________ is/are the way/s to represent uncertainty. Answer: d

Explanation: Entropy is
a) Fuzzy Logic amount of uncertainty
b) Probability involved in data.
c) Entropy Represented by H(data).
d) All of the mentioned

37. ____________ are algorithms that learn from their more complex Answer: c
environments (hence eco) to generalize, approximate and simplify Explanation: Local
solution logic. structure is usually
associated with linear rather
a) Fuzzy Relational DB than exponential growth in
b) Ecorithms complexity
c) Fuzzy Set
d) None of the mentioned
SCOA UNIT 2 MCQs
 This sheet is for 1 Mark questions
S.r No Question Image a b c d Correct Answer
e.g Write down question img.jpg Option a Option b Option c Option d a/b/c/d
1 When we say that the boundary is crisp Distinguish two regions Cannot
clearlyDistinguishCollection
two regions of ordered
clearly Nonepairsof these a
2 In computing the output is called as Consequent Outfeed Anticedents Premise a
3 Fuzzy logic is a form of two valued logic crisp set logic many value logic binary set logic c
4 Control actions while computing should be Ambiguous Unambioguos Inaccurate None of these b
5 Core of soft computing is Fuzzy computing,neural Fuzzy
computing,Genetic
network andNeuralartificial
algorithm
Science
intelligenceGenetic Science a
6 Hard computing perfforms what type of computation Sequential Parallel approxiamate both a and b a
7 Who iniated idea of sofft computing charles darwin rich and berg mc culloch lofti a zadeh d
8 Soft computing is based on fuzzy logic neural science crisp software binary logic a
9 In soft computing the problems,algorithms can be non adaptive adaptive static all of the above b
10 Fuzzy Computing mimics human behaviour deals with inprecise,probablistic
exact information both a and b d
11 Hard computing is also called as evolutionary computing conventional computingnon conventional computing probablistic computing b
12 Which computing produces accurate results soft computing hard computing both a and b none of the above b
13 Neural network computing mimics human behaviour information processingboth aparadigm
and b none of the above c
14 Artificial neural network is used for pattern recognition classification clustering all of the above d
15 How does blind search differ from optimization Blind search representBlind
a guided
searchapproach
usually
Blind
does
whilesearch
not
optimization
conclude
cannot result
none
in
is one
unguided
of
instep
these
optimal
like some
solution optimization
whereasBoptimization
methods. method do
16 In modeling,an optimal solution is understood to be a solution that can onlya solution
be determined
found inby
athe
solution
anleast
exhaustive
possible
that is enumeration
the
time
abest
solution
and
based
using
testing
that
onthe
requires
criteria
of
least
alternatives
defined
possible
an algorithm
incomputing
the
C for
design
theresources
phase
determination
17 When is a complete enumeration of solution used? When a solution that When
is "goodthere
enough"
is enough
isWhen
finetime
and
theand
good
modeler
computational
heuristics
requires
Whenare there
apower
available
guidedareavailable
an
approach
infinite number
to problem
B of solution
solving to be searched
18 All of the follwing are true about heuristics EXCEPT heuristics are used whenheuristics
the modeler
are used
requires
heuristics
when a solution
guided
are usedapproach
that
when
heuristics
is "good
there
to problem
are
enough"
is abundant
rulessolving
of
is sought
good
timejudgement
and computational
C power
19 Which approach is most suited to structured problem with little uncertainity Simuation human intuition Optimization genetic algorithm C
20 Genetic algorithm belong to the family of method in the artifical intelligence area
optimization area complete enumeration Nonfamily
computer
of methods
based isolation areaA
21 What does the 0 membership value means in the set the object is fully inside
thethe
object
set is not inthetheobject
set is partiallynone present
of the
in the
aboveset b
22 The union of two fuzzy sets is the_______of each element from two sets maximum minimum equal to not equal to a
23 The process of fuzzy interference system involes membership functionsfuzzy logic operators if-then rules all the above d
24 What does a fuzzifier do coverts crisp input to coverts
linguisticcrisp
variables
ouputcoverts
to linguistic
fuzzy variables
input tocoverts
linguistic
fuzzyvariables
output to linguistic variables
a
25 Which of the folloowing is not defuzzifier method centroid of area mean of maximumlargest of maximum hypotenuse of triangle d
26 Which of the following is/are type of fuzzy interference method mamdani sugeno rivest only a and b d
27 A Fuzzy rule can have multiple part of antecedent,only
only single part
single
ofpart
multiple
antecedent,mutiple
of consequent
part of antecedent,multiple
only
part single
of consequent
part of part
antecedent,only
of consequent csingle part of consequent
28 The a cut of a fuzzy set A is a crisp set defined by :- {x|Ua(x)>a} {x|Ua(x)>=a} {x|Ua(x)<a} {x|Ua(x)<=a} b
29 The bandwidth(A) in a fuzzy set is given by (A)=|x1*x2| (A)=|x1+x2| (A)=|x1-x2| (A)=|x1/x2| c
30 The intersection of two fuzzy sets is the_______of each element from two sets maximum minimum equal to not equal to b
31 A={1/a,0.3/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0/e} B={0.6/a,0.9/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0.2/e} What will be the complement
{0/a,0.7/b,0.8/c,0.2/d,1/e}
of A? {0/a,0.9/b,0.7/c,0.2/d,1/e}
{0.8/a,0.7/b,0.8/c,0.7/d,1/e}
{0/a,0.7/b,0.8/c,0.9/d,1/e} a
32 A={1/a,0.3/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0/e} B={0.6/a,0.9/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0.2/e} What will be the union
{1/a,0.9/b,0.1/c,0.5/d,0.2/e}
of AUB? {0.8/a,0.9/b,0.2/c,0.5/d,0.2/e}
{1/a,0.9/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0.2/e}
{1/a,0.9/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0.8/e} c
33 A={1/a,0.3/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0/e} B={0.6/a,0.9/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0.2/e} What will be the intersection
{0.6/a,0.3/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0/e}
of A and B ? {0.6/a,0.8/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0/e}
{0.6/a,0.3/b,0.1/c,0.5/d,0/e}
{0.6/a,0.3/b,0.2/c,0.3/d,1/e} a
34 What denotes the support(A) in a fuzzy set? {x|Ua(x)>0} {x|Ua(x)<0} {x|Ua(x)<=0} {x|Ua(x)<0.5} a
35 What denotes the core(A) in a fuzzy set? {x|Ua(x)>0} {x|Ua(x)=1} {x|Ua(x)>=0.5} {x|Ua(x)>0.8} b
36 Fuzzy logic deals with which of the following fuzzy set fuzzy algebra both a and b none of the above c
37 which of the following is a sequence of steps taken in designning a fuzy logic machine fuzzification->Rule Evaluation->Deffuzification
deffuzification->rule
rule
evaluation->fuzzification
evaluation->fuzzification->deffuzification
rule evaluation->defuzzification->fuzzification
a
38 can a crisp set be a fuzzy set? no yes depends all of the above b
39 Genetic algorithm belong to the family of method in the artifical intelligence area
optimization area complete enumeration Nonfamily
computer
of methods
based isolation areaA
40 All of the follwing are suitable problem for genetic algorithm EXCEPT pattern recognizationsimulation of biological
simplemodels
optimization dynamic
with few process
variablescontrol C
41 Tabu search is an example of ? heuristic Evolutionary algorithm
ACO PSO a
42 Genetic algorithms are example of heuristic Evolutionary algorithm
ACO PSO b
43 mutation is applied on __candidates. one two more than two noneof these a
44 recombination is applied on __candidates. one two more than two noneof these b
45 LCS belongs to ___ based methods? rule based learning genetic learning both a and b noneof these a
46 Survival is ___ approach. deteministic non deterministic semi deterministic noneof these a
47 Evolutionary algorithms are a ___ based approach heuristic metaheuristic both a and b noneof these a
48 Tabu search is an example of ? heuristic Evolutionary algorithm
ACO PSO a
49 Genetic algorithms are example of heuristic Evolutionary algorithm
ACO PSO b
50 Idea of genetic algorithm came from machines Birds ACO genetics d
51 Chromosomes are actually ? line representation String representation Circular representation
all of these b
52 what are the parameters that affect GA are/is selection process initial population both a and b none of these c
53 Evolutionary programming was developef by Fredrik Fodgel Frank Flin b
54 Evolution Strategies is developed with selection mutation a population of size one
all of these d
55 Evolution Strategies typically uses real-valued vector representations
vector representation
time based representation
none of these a
56 in ES survival is indeterministic deterministic both a and b none of these d
57 What is the first step in Evolutionary algorithm Termination selection Recombination Initialization d
58 Elements of ES are/is Parent population sizeSurvival populationboth sizea and b none of these c
59 What are different types of crossover discrete and intermedium
discrete and continuous
continuous and intemedium
none of these a
60 Determining the duration of the simulation occurs before the model is validated and tested. TRUE FALSE B
61 _________cannot easily be transferred from one problem domain to another optimal solution analytical solutionsimulation solutuon none of these C
62 Discrete events and agent-based models are usuallly used for_____________. middle or low level ofhigh
abstractions
level of abstraction
very high level of abstraction
none of these A
63 _____doesnot usually allow decision makers to see how a solution to a ___________envolves
Simulation
over time
,Complex
nor can
problem
Simulation,Easy
decision makers
problem
Genetics,Complex
interact with it. problem
Genetics,Easy problem A
64 EC stands for? Evolutionary Computatons
Evolutionary computer
Electronic computations
noneof these a
65 GA stands for genetic algorithm genetic asssurancegenese alforithm noneof these a
66 LCS stands for learning classes systemlearning classifier systems
learned class systemnoneof these b
67 GBML stands for Genese based Machine Genes
learning
based mobileGenetic
learning
bsed machinenoneof
learning
these c
68 EV is dominantly used for solving ___. optimization problemsNP problem simple problems noneof these a
69 EV is considered as? adaptive complex both a and b noneof these c
70 Idea of genetic algorithm came from machines Birds ACO genetics d
71 Chromosomes are actually ? line representation String representation Circular representation
all of these b
72 Parameters that affect GA initial population selection process fitness function all of these d
73 Fitness function should be maximum minimum intermediate noneof these b
74 Evolutionary algorithms are a ___ based approach heuristic metaheuristic both a and b noneof these a
75 Tabu search is an example of ? heuristic Evolutionary algorithm
ACO PSO a
76 Genetic algorithms are example of heuristic Evolutionary algorithm
ACO PSO b
77 mutation is applied on __candidates. one two more than two noneof these a
78 recombination is applied on __candidates. one two more than two noneof these b
79 Applying recombination and mutation leads to a set of new candidates, called as ? sub parents parents offsprings grand child c
____ decides who becomes parents and how many children the b
80
parents have. parent combination Parent selection Parent mutation Parent replace
Survival c
81 Parent Selection Selection
Basic elements of EA are ? methods methods both a and b noneof these
82 LCS belongs to ___ based methods? rule based learning genetic learning both a and b noneof these a
83 Survival is ___ approach. deteministic non deterministic semi deterministic noneof these a
There are also other operators, more linguistic in nature, called None of the
84
__________ that can be applied to fuzzy set theory. Hedges Lingual Variable Fuzz Variable mentioned a
A fuzzy set has a membership function whose membership values
are strictly monotonically increasing or strictly monotonically
85 decreasing or strictly monotonically increasing than strictly
monotonically decreasing with increasing values for elements in the Non concave Fuzzy
universe convex fuzzy set concave fuzzy set set Non Convex Fuzzy set a

Which of the following neural networks uses supervised learning?

86 (A) Multilayer perceptron
(B) Self organizing feature map
(C) Hopfield network (A) only (B) only (A) and (B) only (A) and (C) only a
distributive
87 What is the feature of ANNs due to which they can deal with noisy, associative nature of nature of both associative & none of the
fuzzy, inconsistent data? networks networks distributive mentioned c

88 Feature of ANN in which ANN creates its own organization or

representation of information it receives during learning time is Adaptive Learning Self Organization What-If Analysis Supervised Learning b

algorithm which can

89 control actions easily adapt with the
are unambiguous control actions is change of dynamic
Any soft-computing methodology is characterised by Precise solution and accurate formally defined environment d
none of the
90
For what purpose Feedback neural networks are primarily used? classification feature mapping pattern mapping mentioned d
Operations in the neural networks can perform what kind of none of the
91
operations? serial parallel serial or parallel mentioned c

92 automatic artificial adaptive none of the

What is ART in neural networks? resonance theory resonance theory resonance theory mentioned c

93 Both Degree of truth

The values of the set membership is represented by ___________ Discrete Set Degree of truth Probabilities & Probabilities b
Given U = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7}

94 A = {(3, 0.7), (5, 1), (6, 0.8)}

then A will be: (where ~ → complement) {(4, 0.7), (2,1), (1,0.8)}{(4, 0.3.): (5, 0), (6.{(l,
0.2)1),} (2, 1), (3, 0.3),{(3,
(4, 1),
0.3),
(6,0.2),
(6.0.2)}
(7, 1)} c
What are the following sequence of steps taken in designing a fuzzy
95
logic machine ? Fuzzification → Rule evalua
Fuzzification
on → Defuzzifica
→ Defuzzifica
Rule evaluation
on on → Rule
→ Fuzzifica
Rule
evalua
evaluation
on
on → Defuzzifica
→ Defuzzifica
a on on → Fuzzifica on
 If A and B are two fuzzy sets with membership functions

μA(x) = {0.6, 0.5, 0.1, 0.7, 0.8}

96
μB(x) = {0.9, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 0.5}

Then the value of μ(A∪B)’(x) will be {0.9, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 0.8}{0.6, 0.2, 0.1, 0.7, 0.5}
{0.1, 0.5, 0.4, 0.2, 0.2}
{0.1, 0.5, 0.4, 0.2, 0.3} c

Compute the value of adding the following two fuzzy integers:

A = {(0.3,1), (0.6,2), (1,3), (0.7,4), (0.2,5)}

B = {(0.5,11), (1,12), (0.5,13)}
97
Where fuzzy addition is defined as

μA+B(z) = maxx+y=z (min(μA(x), μB(x)))

Then, f(A+B) is equal to {(0.5,12), (0.6,13), (1,14),
{(0.5,12),
(0.7,15),
(0.6,13),
(0.7,16),
{(0.3,12),
(1,14),
(1,17),
(1,15),
(0.5,13),
(1,18)}
(1,16),
(0.5,14),
{(0.3,12),
(1,17),(1,15),
(1,18)}
(0.5,13),
(0.7,16),
(0.6,14),
(0.5,17),
d (1,15), (0.2,18)}
(0.7,16), (0.5,17), (0.2,18)}
98 A U (B U C) = (A ∩ B) ∩ (A ∩ C) (A ∪ B ) ∪ C (A ∪ B) ∩ (A ∪ C) B ∩ A ∪ C b
Consider a fuzzy set A defined on the interval X = [0, 10] of integers
by the membership Junction
99
μA(x) = x / (x+2)
Then the α cut corresponding to α = 0.5 will be {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,{1,
9, 2,
10}3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
{2,9,3,10}
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
None of the above c
100 The fuzzy proposition "IF X is E then Y is F" is a conditional unqualified unconditional
proposition unqualified
conditionalproposition
qualifiedunconditional
proposition qualified aproposition
Choose the correct statement
1. A fuzzy set is a crisp set but the reverse is not true
2. If A,B and C are three fuzzy sets defined over the same universe of
101 discourse such that A ≤ B and B ≤ C and A ≤ C
3. Membership function defines the fuzziness in a fuzzy set
irrespecive of the elements in the set, which are discrete or
continuous 1 only 2 and 3 1,2 and 3 None of these b
An equivalence between Fuzzy vs Probability to that of Prediction vs
102
Forecasting is Fuzzy ≈ Prediction Fuzzy ≈ ForecastingProbability ≈ Forecasting
None of these b
Both fuzzy logic and artificial neural network are soft computing
103
techniques because Both gives precise andANN
accurate
gives result
accurateInresult,
each, no
butprecise
fuzzy logic
mathematical
Fuzzy
does
gives
notexact
modelresult
of problem
Cbut ANNisdoes
acquired
not
A fuzzy set whose membership function has at least one element x in
104 the universe whose membership value sub normal fuzzy
is unity is called sets normal fuzzy set convex fuzzy set concave fuzzy set b

105
----- defines logic funtion of two prepositions prepositions Lingustic hedges truth tables inference rules c

106 In fuzzy propositions, ---- gives an approximate idea of the number of Fuzzy predicate and
elements of a subset fulfilling certain conditions predicate modifiers Fuzzy quantifiers Fuzzy qualifiers All of the above b

107
Multiple conjuctives antecedents is method of ----- in FLC decomposition rule formation of rule truth tables All of the above a

108
Multiple disjuctives antecedents is method of ----- in FLC decomposition rule formation of rule truth tables All of the above a
 rule in zero order rule in first order
109
IF x is A and y is B then z=c (c is constant), is FIS FIS both a and b neither a nor b a
A fuzzy set wherein no membership function has its value equal to 1 subnormal fuzzy
110
is called normal fuzzy set set. convex fuzzy set concave fuzzy set b

Control any two

combinations of
Control any two any two products Control a steam
combinations of any by synthesising a engine and a boiler Control a air craft and
111
two products by set of linguistic combination by fuel level combination
synthesising a set of control rules synthesising a set by synthesising a set
linguistic control obtained from of linguistic control of linguistic control
rules obtained from experienced rules obtained rules obtained from
experienced human human from experienced experienced human
Mamdani's Fuzzy Inference Method Was Designed To Attempt What? operations. operations. human operations. operations. c

112 Model-Type and Momfred-type Mamdani-type and Mihni-type and

What Are The Two Types Of Fuzzy Inference Systems? System-Type and Semigi-type Sugeno-type Sujgani-type c
Fuzzy Logic
113
What Is Another Name For Fuzzy Inference Systems? Fuzzy Expert system Fuzzy Modelling Controller All of the above d

(μ, λ)- selection

based on the
114
children only
(μ+λ)- selection
Probabilistic based on both
selection (μ+μ) the set of parent Children replace
In Evolutionary programming, survival selection is selection and children the parent All the mentioned a

(μ, λ)- selection

based on the
115
children only
(μ+λ)- selection
Probabilistic based on both
selection (μ+μ) the set of parent Children replace
In Evolutionary strategy, survival selection is selection and children the parent All the mentioned b
 uses
doesnot use recombination
116
recombination to such as cross uses various
produce offspring. It over to produce recombination none of the
In Evolutionary programming, recombination is only uses mutation offspring operators mentioned a

uses
doesnot use recombination
117
recombination to such as cross uses various
produce offspring. It over to produce recombination none of the
In Evolutionary strategy, recombination is only uses mutation offspring operators mentioned b

deviation in step
118 sizes change over
time using some deviation in step
deviation in step deterministic size change
Step size in non-adaptive EP : sizes remain static function dynamically size=1 a

deviation in step
119 sizes change over
time using some deviation in step
deviation in step deterministic size change
Step size in dynamic EP : sizes remain static function dynamically size=1 b

deviation in step
120 sizes change over
time using some deviation in step
deviation in step deterministic size change
Step size in self-adaptive EP : sizes remain static function dynamically size=1 c
What are normally the two best measurement units for an
evolutionary algorithm?
1. Number of evaluations
121
2. Elapsed time
3. CPU Time
4. Number of generations 1 and 2 2 and 3 3 and 4 1 and 4 d
(µ,λ): Select (µ+λ): Select
survivors among survivors among (µ-λ): Select
122
parents and parents and survivors among (µ:λ): Select survivors
Evolutionary Strategies (ES) offspring offspring offspring only among offspring only b
 Individual
solution is
123 Individuals are represented as a Individuals are
represented by real- Finite State represented as none of the
In Evolutionary programming, valued vector Machine binary string mentioned b
Individual
solution is
124 Individuals are represented as a Individuals are
represented by real- Finite State represented as none of the
In Evolutionary Strategy, valued vector Machine binary string mentioned a

offspring becomes
parent if offspring's
125
fitness is as good as
parent of next offspring become offspring never none of the
(1+1) ES generation parent by default becomes parent mentioned a
λ mutants can be
126 generated from one one mutant is 2λ mutants can be no mutants are
(1+λ) ES parent generated generated generated a
total number of
fitness population
127 evaluations diveristy drops
mazimally allowed reaches a given under a given
Termination condition for EA CPU time is elapsed limit threshold All the mentioned d
Proportional tournament
128
Which of the following operator is simplest selection operator? Random selection selection selection none a

evolutionary
129 programming doesnot
Single point two point use crossover
Which crossover operators are used in evolutionary programming? crossover crossover Uniform crossover operators d
Operates on operates on operates on
130 population size of populantion size populantion size of operates on
(1+1) ES two of one zero populantion size of λ a
Evolutionary Genetic
131
Which of these emphasize of development of behavioral models? programming programming Genetic algorithm All the mentioned a

variation through
132
application of none of the
EP applies which evolutionary operators? mutation operators selection both a and b mentioned c
Stochastic
133 Roulette wheel universal tournament
Which selection strategy works with negative fitness value? selection sampling selection Rank selection d