Hydrotalcite: Action and Use

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Hydrotalcite
General Notices
Al2Mg 6(OH)16CO3,4H 2O 604.0 12304-65-3
Action and use

Antacid.
Preparation
Hydrotalcite Tablets
DEFINITION
Hydrotalcite is a hydrated form of an aluminium magnesium basic carbonate corresponding to
the formula Al 2Mg6(OH)16CO3,4H2O. It contains not less than 15.3% and not more than 18.7%
of Al2O3 and not less than 36.0% and not more than 44.0% of MgO. The ratio of the content of
Al2O3 to the content of MgO is not less than 0.40 and not more than 0.45.
CHARACTERISTICS
A white or almost white, free-flowing, granular powder.
Practically insoluble in water . It dissolves in dilute mineral acids with slight effervescence.
IDENTIFICATION
A. Dissolve 1.0 g in 20 ml of 2M hydrochloric acid. Effervescence occurs. Add 30 ml of water ,
boil, add 2 M ammonia until just alkaline to methyl red solution, continue boiling for 2 minutes
and filter, reserving the filtrate for test B. Wash the precipitate with 50 ml of a hot 2% w/v
solution of ammonium chloride and dissolve in 15 ml of 2 M hydrochloric acid. The resulting
solution yields the reaction characteristic of aluminium salts, Appendix VI.
B. Dilute 1 ml of the filtrate obtained in test A to 10 ml with water . The resulting solution yields
the reactions characteristic of magnesium salts, Appendix VI.
TESTS
Alkalinity
pH of a 4% w/v suspension in carbon dioxide-free water , 8.0 to 10.0, Appendix V L.
Neutralising capacity
Mix 0.2 g with a small quantity of water to give a smooth paste and gradually add sufficient
further quantities of water to produce 100 ml. Warm at 37°, add 100 ml of 0.1M hydrochloric
acid VS previously heated to 37° and stir continuously for 1 hour using a paddle stirrer at a
rate of about 200 revolutions per minute, maintaining the temperature at 37°, and titrate with
0.1 M sodium hydroxide VS to pH 3.5. Subtract the volume of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide VS from
100 ml to obtain the number of ml of 0.1M hydrochloric acid VS required for neutralisation. Not
less than 260 ml of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid VS is required to neutralise 1 g.
Arsenic
Dissolve 0.33 g in 5 ml of 2M hydrochloric acid. The resulting solution complies with the limit
test for arsenic, Appendix VII (3 ppm).
Heavy metals
Dissolve 2.7 g in 20 ml of 5M hydrochloric acid and 10 ml of water , add 0.5 ml of nitric acid
and boil for 30 seconds. Cool, add 2 g of ammonium chloride and 2 g of ammonium
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and boil for 30 seconds. Cool, add 2 g of ammonium chloride and 2 g of ammonium
thiocyanate and extract with three 10 ml quantities of a mixture of equal volumes of isoamyl
alcohol and ether . Add to the aqueous layer 0.1 ml of phenolphthalein solution and 13.5M
ammonia until a pink colour is produced. Cool, add glacial acetic acid until the solution is
decolorised and add a further 5 ml of glacial acetic acid. Filter, if necessary, and dilute the
solution to 40 ml with water . 12 ml of the resulting solution complies with limit test A for heavy
metals, Appendix VII. Use lead standard solution (2 ppm Pb) to prepare the standard (30
ppm).
Sodium
Not more than 0.1% of Na when determined by Method II for atomic emission
spectrophotometry, Appendix II D, measuring at 589 nm. To prepare the test solution dissolve
0.1 g in 4 ml of 5M hydrochloric acid, dilute to 200 ml with water and use sodium standard
solution (200 ppm Na), diluted if necessary with 0.1 M hydrochloric acid, to prepare the
standard solutions.
Chloride
Dissolve 0.18 g in 10 ml of 2M nitric acid, boil, allow to cool and dilute to 100 ml with water .
To 10 ml add 5 ml of water . The resulting solution complies with the limit test for chlorides,
Appendix VII (0.3%).
Sulphate
Dissolve 0.14 g in 15 ml of 1M hydrochloric acid and dilute to 100 ml with water . 15 ml of the
resulting solution complies with the limit test for sulphates, Appendix VII (0.7%).
Loss on ignition
When ignited at 800°, loses 40.0 to 50.0% of its weight. Use 1 g.
ASSAY
For Al2O3
Dissolve 0.3 g in 2 ml of 7M hydrochloric acid, add 250 ml of water and 50 ml of 0.05 M
disodium edetate VS and neutralise with 1 M sodium hydroxide using methyl red solution as
indicator. Heat the solution on a water bath for 30 minutes and allow to cool. Add 3 g of
hexamine and titrate the excess of disodium edetate with 0.05M lead nitrate VS using xylenol
orange solution as indicator. Each ml of 0.05 M disodium edetate VS is equivalent to 2.549 mg
of Al2O3.
For MgO
Dissolve 0.125 g in the minimum volume of 7 M hydrochloric acid, add 30 ml of water , 1 g of
ammonium chloride, 10 ml of triethanolamine, 150 ml of water and 5 ml of ammonia buffer pH
10.9 and titrate immediately with 0.05M disodium edetate VS using mordant black 11 solution
as indicator. Each ml of 0.05M disodium edetate VS is equivalent to 2.015 mg of MgO.
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