Title: School on the Air Grade 8 Science

Topic: Forces
Format: School-on-the-Air / Radio-Based Instruction
Length: 30 minutes
Scriptwriter: Maria Lutz B. Duallo
Objective: At the end lesson of this lesson, the student will be able to investigate
the relationship between the amount of force applied and the mass
of the object to the amount of change in the object's motion.

1 BIZ: INSERT SOA PROGRAM ID

2 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 5 SECS AND FADE UNDER

3 RADIO TEACHER: Good afternoon (3x) my dear Grade 8 students!

4 I am your teacher Ms. Lutz Duallo

5 of Sindaton National High School and welcome to our Physics class.

6 This afternoon we will be discussing about forces. (PAUSE)

7 But before that, let me give our objective for today's lesson.

8 (PAUSE) Our objective is to investigate the relationship between

9 the amount of force,applied in the mass of the object

10 to the amount of change in the object's motion. (PAUSE)

11 Are you all ready Grade 8 students?

12 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

13 RADIO TEACHER: Get your modules, notebook and ballpen. (PAUSE)

BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

14 RADIO TEACHER: Open your modules on page 4 and we will start.

15 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

16 RADIO TEACHER: Our first lesson is all about forces. (PAUSE)

17 Force is a push and pull of an object resulting from its interaction

18 with another object. (PAUSE)

19 Force can be operationally defined based on observed effects. (PAUSE)

20 This means a force can be described in terms of what it does.

21 However, forces do not always cause motion.

22 It does not necessarily follow that forces acting on an object

23 will always cause it to move. Again, when we say force,

24 it is the push and pull of an object.

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1 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

2 RADIO TEACHER: Look at the the different pictures on your module on page 4.

3 These pictures are examples where forces

4 have tendency of changing the motion of an object or not.

5 Let's go over figure number 1 a girl sitting on a chair.

6 Is the girl at rest or in motion?(PAUSE)

7 Yes, the girl is at rest.

8 Are there forces acting on the girl? (PAUSE)

9 Yes, there are forces acting on the girl.

10 The forces acting on the girl are the force exerted by the chair on the girl.

11 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

12 RADIO TEACHER: Now let's proceed with figure number 2 a boy pushing a wall.

13 Is the boy at rest or in motion? (PAUSE)

14 Yes, the boy is at rest.

15 Are there forces acting on the boy? (PAUSE)

16 Yes, there are forces acting on the boy.

17 The boy acts a force to push the wall

18 and the wall also acts the same force back to the boy.

19 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

20 RADIO TEACHER: Now, let's take a look on figure 3 a woman throwing a ball.(PAUSE)

21 Is the ball at rest or in motion? (PAUSE)

22 Yes, the ball is in motion.

23 Are there forces acting on the ball? (PAUSE)

24 Yes, there are forces acting on the ball.

25 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

26 RADIO TEACHER: And now turn your module on page 5. (REPEAT) In your Grade 7,

27 you have discussed about displacement, velocity and acceleration.

28 Do you still remember your lesson in your grade 7?

29 I hope you still remember about displacement, velocity and acceleration.

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1 You conducted activities wherein you understood and made

2 visual representations of the motion of objects such as motion graphs.

3 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

4 RADIO TEACHER: Now, take a look on figure 4 a moving car and

5 on figure 5 a car slowing down.

6 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

7 RADIO TEACHER: Observe that when a car starts moving, it speeds up.

8 and when a car nears a stop sign, it slows down.

9 The car is covering different displacement at equal time intervals,

10 hence it is not moving in constant velocity.

11 This means the car is accelerating.

12 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

13 RADIO TEACHER: This time you may turn your module on page 6. (REPEAT)

14 Let's do activity number 1 Effect of force on a ball. Are you now ready?

15 Alright, take a look on figure 6. effect of force on a ball.

16 You have there four tables A, B, C and D with a ball placed on top.

17 Now, in letter A, is the ball at rest?(PAUSE)

18 Yes, the ball is at rest or the ball is not moving.

19 Hmmm how can you make the ball move? (PAUSE)

20 To make the ball move it has to be pushed or pulled.

21 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

22 RADIO TEACHER: How about in letter B, what happens to the ball

23 when you push it with enough force?(PAUSE)

24 Yes, the ball moves in the same direction of the force.

25 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

26 RADIO TEACHER: In letter C, while it is moving, how can you make

27 the ball stop? (PAUSE)

28 Yes, you will exert force opposite the motion of the ball to make it stop.

29 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

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1 RADIO TEACHER: Now in letter D, how can we make the ball change its direction? (PAUSE)

2 Yes, the ball has to be pushed sideways to change its direction.

3 Very good grade 8 students! You did it.

4 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

5 RADIO TEACHER: This time you may turn your module on page 7 (REPEAT)

6 as we do the first activity you have observed that the ball moves

7 once you push or pull it. This is called force.

8 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

9 RADIO TEACHER: Consider a ball on top of the table in your first activity.

10 The ball will not move when there is no force applied to it.(PAUSE)

11 But if you push the ball, it will move or roll across the surface of the table.

12 And when it is push again in the direction of its motion,

13 it moves faster and even farther.

14 But, when you push it on the other side instead,

15 opposite to the direction of its motion,

16 the ball may slow down and eventually stop.

17 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

18 RADIO TEACHER: Lastly, when you push it in a direction

19 different from its original direction of motion,

20 then the ball also changes its direction.

21 In conclusion, force can make the ball or any object move,

22 move faster, stop or change its direction of motion.

INSERT INFOMERCIAL (COVID 19)

23 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

24 RADIO TEACHER: Now, to accurately describe the forces acting on an object,

25 let us examine figure 7 which shows

26 how force acts on a ball but you need to be familiar first

27 with the following terms

28 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

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1 RADIO TEACHER: First is magnitude, magnitude refers to the size or strenght of the force.

2 It is commonly expressed is Newton, Dyne and pounds

3 Newton is denoted by capital letter N

4 Dyne is abbreviated by small letters d-y-n

5 and pounds is abbreviated by small letter l-b-s .

6 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

7 RADIO TEACHER: In the International Systems of Units (SI)

8 Newton is commonly used which is named after Sir Isaac Newton,

9 an English physicist and mathematician.

10 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

11 RADIO TEACHER: Next is direction, direction refers to the points where the objects goes.

12 The direction of the arrowhead indicates the direction of the force.

13 The length of the arrow represents the amount of force

14 (relative to the magnitude).

15 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

16 Next is the point of application, the point of application

17 is the location of where the force is applied (REPEAT)

18 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

19 RADIO TEACHER: And lastly, the line of action, the line of action refers to the straight line

20 passing through the point of application (REPEAT)

21 and is parallel to the direction of the force.

22 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

23 RADIO TEACHER: Now, turn your module on page 10 (repeat)

24 To describe a force, you must know two things.

25 You must know the magnitude and the direction of the force.

26 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

27 RADIO TEACHER: Now, are you familiar with the game called tug-of-war?(PAUSE)

28 Yes, because you experieced this during intramurals right?

29 Did you missed it? Ohhh I know that you really missed it so much

30 because it's super enjoying right?

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1 Ohhh next time nalang kung wala ng Covid-19.

(insert infomercial)
2 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

3 RADIO TEACHER: Now, look at figure 15 on page 10

IMAGINARY GAME

4 for figure 15 it is a representation of balanced forces in a tug-of-war game.

5 Each team consists of 3 members and pulling the rope

6 in opposite direction with equal magnitude of force.

7 Wow, ang galing! Wala talagang magpapatalo !

8 Go Team A! Go Team B!

9 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

10 RADIO TEACHER: Well, forces that are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction

11 are called balanced forces. (REPEAT)

12 Balanced forces do not cause a change in motion.

13 When balanced forces act on an object at rest,

14 the object will not move.

15 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

16 RADIO TEACHER: Now turn your module on page 11, take look at figure 16 (REPEAT)

17 Oh! Another set of players playing tug-of-war.

18 Let's find out who will be the team to win.

19 Each team consists of 3 members .

20 Are you ready?

21 On your mark, ready, set, go!!!

22 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

23 RADIO TEACHER: Oh we have a winner, its team B, yeheyyyyy

24 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

25 RADIO TEACHER: Students, what do you think the reason why Team B wins? (PAUSE) AD-LIB

26 Hmmm Team B wins beacause they exert greater magnitude

27 of force on the ground than Team A. Congratulations Team B!

28 Ang galing diba?

29 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

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1 RADIO TEACHER: Now, forces that cause a change in the motion of an object

2 are unbalanced forces.

3 Unbalanced forces are not equal in magnitude and in opposite direction.

4 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

5 RADIO TEACHER: In an object, there may be several forces acting on it.

6 It can be balanced or unbalanced forces.

7 Net force or resultant force is the sum or the total of all forces on an objects.

8 Two or more forces in the same line of action exerted on an object

9 are balanced if their effects cancel each other.

10 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

11 RADIO TEACHER: When an object is at rest,

12 a zero net force would make the object remains at rest.

13 Moreover, when the object is moving,

14 a zero net force would make the object

15 maintain its velocity at a given time interval.

16 On the other hand, when the net force is not zero,

17 the objects velocity will change.

18 A net force exerted to an object at rest may cause the object to move.

19 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

20 RADIO TEACHER: This time you may turn your module on page 12

21 Students get ready for our next activity.

22 Make sure you have your notebook and your ballpen with you.

23 Lets start with activity number 1 Forces on objects at rest (PAUSE)

24 After accomplishing this activity, you should be able to identify

25 what forces are acting on an object at rest.

26 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

27 RADIO TEACHER: Okay, look and study the picture in figure 17. It shows

28 a block of wood lying on a table.

29 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

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1 RADIO TEACHER: As I read the questions, kindly write your answers

2 in your activity notebook. (REPEAT)

3 Here we go, question number 1,

4 Is the block of wood at rest or in motion?(PAUSE)

5 MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

6 Question number 2, refer to the figure on page 12

7 Draw the forces acting on the block of wood.

8 Use the dot as the origin of the forces.

9 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

10 RADIO TEACHER: For the next activity on page 13 and 14

11 try to answer it on your own. (REPEAT)

12 Write your answers in your activity notebook.

13 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

14 RADIO TEACHER: Have you understand our lesson for today?

15 Again, when we say force it is a push and pull of an object.

16 Any object that you are pushing and pulling, you applied force on it.

17 Forces are important because they are responsible for changes in motion.

18 And the use of force in our everyday life is very common.

19 We use force to walk on the road, to climb in a mountain,

20 to lift any objects and to move an object

21 by some particular speed or direction

23 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

24 RADIO TEACHER: I assume that you all understand our lesson about forces.

25 Verygood Grade 8 students!

26 If you have questions or clarifications regarding our topic

27 you may write it in your activity notebook

28 or you can text me at 09659434775 (REPEAT)

29 For your assignment turn your module on page 15.

30 You answer What I have Learned from numbers 1-10

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1 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

2 RADIO TEACHER: We are done with our lesson for today.

3 You can read again your module regarding on today's topic.

4 I will wait for your text messages for your questions and clarifications.

5 BIZ: MSC UP FOR 3 SECS AND FADE UNDER

6 RADIO TEACHER: Until next time. This is your Science teacher Maria Lutz b. Duallo.

7 Enjoy learning and have nice day! Bye!

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(REPEAT)

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(PAUSE) AD-LIB
es on an objects.