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Ce6780 Advanced Mechanics Of Structures: r = √𝑅 θ = Θ + ΩZ, z = Z

This document provides a tutorial on tensor algebra and calculus. It includes examples of calculating tensor components, principal values and directions, transformation of tensors under rotation, derivation of displacement and deformation gradients, and linear algebra operations on matrices including norms, traces, determinants, and matrix multiplication properties.

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tulasi ram
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23 views

Ce6780 Advanced Mechanics Of Structures: r = √𝑅 θ = Θ + ΩZ, z = Z

This document provides a tutorial on tensor algebra and calculus. It includes examples of calculating tensor components, principal values and directions, transformation of tensors under rotation, derivation of displacement and deformation gradients, and linear algebra operations on matrices including norms, traces, determinants, and matrix multiplication properties.

Uploaded by

tulasi ram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CE6780 ADVANCED MECHANICS OF STRUCTURES

September 25, 2020


Tutorial 1 : : Tensor Algebra and Calculus

1. The components of a tensor corresponding to an orthonormal Cartesian basis {e1, e2, e3} is given below. For
both these tensors
 − 10 5 0   − 10 0 5
   
(i) σ =  5 20 0  , (ii) σ =  0 − 10 0 
 0 0 0   5 0 20 
 
a. Find the three principal invariants of the tensor
b. Write the characteristic equation for the tensor
c. Find the three principal (or eigen) values of the tensor
d. Find the three principal (or eigen) directions of the tensor {n1, n2, n3}
e. Find the components of the tensor in the new basis {e1*, e2*, e3*}. The new basis is obtained by
rotating an angle θ in the clockwise direction about e3 axis.
f. Find the orthogonal matrix that would transform the components of the given tensor from the given
Cartesian basis {e1, e2, e3} to basis formed by the principal directions {n1, n2, n3}.
g. Find the components of the tensor in the basis formed by its principal directions {n1, n2, n3}.
h. How does the vector, o = (e1+e2+e3)/√3 transform under the action of the given tensor?
i. How does the vector, o* = (n1+n2+n3)/√3 transform under the action of the given tensor?
j. Are there vectors whose direction remains unchanged under the action of the given tensor? If yes,
report those directions.

2. Let (R, Θ, Z) denote the cylindrical polar coordinates of a material particle in the reference configuration and
(r, θ, z) the cylindrical polar coordinates of the same material particle in the current configuration. Then the
deformation field is given by:
r = √𝑅 2 + 𝑟𝑖2 − 𝑅𝑖2 , θ = Θ + ΩZ, z=Z
For this deformation filed find the following:
a. The displacement field represented in material form
b. The displacement field represented in spatial form
c. The component of the material displacement gradient in cylindrical polar coordinates
d. The component of the spatial displacement gradient in cylindrical polar coordinates
e. The components of the deformation gradient in cylindrical polar coordinates

3. Let
1 2 3 3 −2 3 3
A = (4 5 9 ), C =(−2 8 −1), b =(5), k=5
7 8 11 3 −1 5 7
Evaluate the following:
a. btAkCb e. C2 h. Show that
b. det(A) f. ‖𝐀‖ = √𝐀 ∙ 𝐀 CA  A C
c. tr(C) g. ‖𝐛‖ = √𝐛 ∙ 𝐛 i. Show that Ab  A b
d. tr(A2)
j. Is AtA = AAt ? If yes, will they be the same always? If no, when will they be the same?

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