Temperature C Frequency of Occurence T F Deviation D F D D F D

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Praneshvar.

26-08-2020 B.E,EEE 2018104042

ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION

ASSIGNMENT -2

Example 3.15: In a test temperature is measured 100 times with variations in


apparatus and procedures. After applying the corrections, the results are:

Temperature 397 398 399 40 40 402 403 404 405


0
C 0 1
Frequency of 1 3 12 23 37 16 4 2 2
occurence
Calculate (a)arithmetic mean, (b)mean deviation, (c)standard deviation,
(d)the probable error of one reading, (e)the standard deviation and the
probable error of the mean, (f)the standard deviation of the standard deviation.

Solution:

Temperature Frequency T*f Deviation f*d d2 f*d2


0
C of occurence d
397 1 397 -3.78 -3.78 14.288 14.288
398 3 1194 -2.78 -8.34 7.728 23.185
399 12 4788 -1.78 -21.36 3.168 38.020
400 23 9200 -0.78 17.94 0.608 13.993
402 37 14837 0.22 8.14 0.048 1.708
402 16 6432 1.22 19.52 1.488 23.814
403 4 1612 2.22 8.88 4.928 19.714
404 2 808 3.22 6.44 10.368 20.737
405 2 810 4.22 8.44 17.808 35.618
Total 100 40,078 |f*d|=102.8 f*d2=191.08

(a) Mean Temperature= 40,078/100 =400.780C


(b) Mean deviation D = 102.8/100 =1.0280C
(c) Standard deviation σ =(191.08/100) =1.380C
(d) Probable error of one reading r1 =0.6745σ =0.6745*1.38 =0.930C
(e) Probable error of the mean rm= 0.93/100 =0.0930C
Standard deviation of the mean σm=1.38/100 =0.1380C
(f) Standard deviation of the standard deviation σσ= σm/2 =0.138/2 =0.07960C

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