SINCRONIC SESION 3

GRAMMATICAL FUNCTIONS EXERCISE

Ramesses II
Egypt is one the most ancient civilizations in world history. One of the main characteristics of
this culture was the Pharaonic movement that ruled the empire. It is argued (0) some
historians that Ramesses II was the greatest and most powerful of the Egyptian pharaohs.
He was born (1) 1303 BC and became pharaoh when he was still a teenager.
Ramesses ruled Egypt for the rest of his long life – he lived over 90 years of age.
Ramesses, (2) deliberately cultivated a
reputation as a great warrior, led several successful military campaigns against Egypt’s
rivals, but he also signed an important peace treaty with Egypt’s long-standing enemies,
the Hittites. Ramesses is particularly (3) for his architectural
achievements,
(4) the construction of his magnificent new capital city of Pi-Ramesses and
numerous monuments and temples, including the rock temples of Abu Simbel and his
temple complex at Ramesseum.
Ramesses had over 200 wives and concubines, (5) some estimates,
but his most famous and important queen was Nefetari. She was
renowned for her beauty and ability to read and write hieroglyphics,
(6) most unusual
skill among women at that time. She ruled alongside Ramesses,
becoming a powerful influence in her own right, and is commemorated
in her beautifully decorated tomb in the Valley of the Queens.
Ramesses II died in 1213 BC and was buried in the Valley of the Kings, (7)
his
body was later moved to protect it from thieves. (8) , his mummy is
in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.

¿Cómo responder este tipo de pregunta?

1 cuLidadosamente la oración completa.
ea
1
Ejemplo
It is argued (0) some historians that Ramesses II was the greatest and most
powerful of the Egyptian pharaohs.
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2 nuevamente la oración y preste atención a las palabras ubicadas antes y después

ea
2 de los espacios en blanco.
It is argued (0) some historians that Ramesses II was the greatest and most
powerful of the Egyptian pharaohs.
Antes del espacio se ubica un verbo, que determina la acción (argued) y después el
comple- mento (some historians that).

33 Identifique la categoría que mejor podría completar la frase teniendo en cuenta las
opcio- nes de respuesta dadas:
Categoría o palabra: Preposición Preposiciones: in, on, at, by, for, to
It is argued (0) some historians that Ramesses II was the greatest and most
powerful of the Egyptian pharaohs.
En este caso, la palabra es una preposición que identifica a quien realiza una acción.

44 Pruebe las diferentes opciones A, B o C en los espacios en blanco antes de

seleccionar la opción correcta.
It is argued by some historians that Ramesses II was the greatest and most
(0)
powerful of the Egyptian pharaohs.
It is argued for some historians that Ramesses II was the greatest and most
(0)
powerful of the Egyptian pharaohs.
It is argued to
(0) some historians that Ramesses II was the greatest and most
powerful of the Egyptian pharaohs.

55 Elimine las respuestas que no son adecuadas en la oración.

A. by ➞ es una preposición para indicar que algo fue hecho por alguien
B. for ➞ es una preposición para indicar que algo es para alguien
C. to ➞ es una preposición para indicar el destino de algo o alguien

66 Elija la opción correcta y lea rápidamente la frase con la palabra que escogió para
cercio- rarse de que el sentido general de la oración es el apropiado.
It is argued by some historians that Ramesses II was the greatest and most
(0)
powerful of the Egyptian pharaohs.

La opción A, by, es la respuesta correcta ya que es una preposición que presenta a quien
realiza la acción, en este caso historians.
Respuesta: 0

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Refuerce la estrategia
Lea el texto de Ramesses II y rellene el círculo con la opción
A, B o C según corresponda.

1. A. by B. for C. to
Respuesta: 0

2. A. in B. at C. on
Respuesta: 1

3. A. which B. who C. what

Respuesta: 2

4. A. recorded B. reminded C. remembered

Respuesta: 3

5. A. included B. including C. includes

Respuesta: 4

6. A. according to B. because of C. instead of

Respuesta: 5

7. A. an B. a C. the
Respuesta: 6

8. A. because B. though C. therefore

Respuesta: 7

9. A. Today B. Tomorrow C. Yesterday

Respuesta: 8

Exercise 2

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CONTEXT CLUE READING STRATEGY

ACTIVITY 1: Read this passage and use context clues to determine the meaning of the
italicized word. Note the part(s) of the paragraph you used to help in your selection.

The love of money has ruined friendships, caused divorces, and even led to death. This intense
1
avariciousness can be blamed for one nation invading another, the ravaging of our natural
resources, and the discovery of America. In the twenty-first century, it may cause further
2
alienation in a way never witnessed before--it is about to tear the American family apart. A
great deal of money will be transferred from parents, upon their deaths, to their children,
normally a natural transfer of 3assets. The amount is estimated to be about 12 trillion dollars,
an extraordinary amount. Persons who grew up in the Depression Era have saved and
4
scrimped, denying themselves often needed goods, and many have 5amassed large fortunes.
This generation will be passing its wealth on to its children, the baby boomers, right after the
turn of the century.

What does this transfer of trillions of dollars mean for the wealth of our population? Some
6
predictions state that about one-third of this money will go to only one percent of the
population, but for those one percent who are lucky enough to inherit one or two million
dollars, there may be some serious fighting

among 7siblings. Already, attorneys are seeing families doing battle over estates, china, silver,
furniture, and cars. Television talk show hosts are featuring families discussing their fortunes
and publicly airing their 8disputes. The money seems much more important than family
9
harmony or loyalty. To get ready for the predicted upcoming family battles, some are
suggesting that the country will need even more attorneys, specializing in estate 10litigation
and planning

Choose the letter of one of the definitions before each word.

( i ) avariciousness a. Possesions
( ) alienation b. lawsuits
( ) assets c. collected
( ) scrimped d. thoughts about the future
( ) amassed e. counted every penny
( ) predictions f. disagreements
( ) siblings g. agreement
( ) disputes h. separation
( ) harmony i. greed for wealth
( ) litigation j. brothers and sisters

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ACTIVITY 3

The term 'virus is derived from the Latin word for poison. or slime. It was
originally applied to the noxious stench emanating from swamps that was thought
to cause a variety of diseases in the centuries before microbes were discovered
and specifically linked to illness. But it was not until almost the end of the
nineteenth century that a true virus was proven to be the cause of a disease.

The nature of viruses made them impossible to detect for many years even
after bacteria had been discovered and studied. Not only are viruses too small to
be seen with a light microscope, they also cannot be detected through their
biological activity, except as it occurs in conjunction with other organisms. In fact,
viruses show no traces of biological activity by themselves. Unlike bacteria, they
are not living agents in the strictest sense Viruses are very simple pieces of
organic material composed only of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, enclosed in a
coat of protein made up of simple structural units.(Some viruses also contain
carbohydrates and lipids.) They are parasites, requiring human, animal, or plant
cells to live. The virus replicates by attaching to a cell and injecting its nucleic acid.'
once inside the cell, the DNA or RNA that contains the virus' genetic information
takes over the cell's biological machinery, and the cell begins to manufacture viral
proteins rather than its own.

1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage.

(A) New Developments in Viral Research (B) Exploring the Causes of Disease

(C) DNA: Nature’s Building Block (D) Understanding Viruses

2. Before microbes were discovered It was believed that some diseases were caused by

(A) germ-carrying insects (B) certain strains of bacteria

(C) foul odors released from swamps (D) slimy creatures living near
swamps

3. The word "proven" in line 4 is closest meaning to which of the following.

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(A) Shown (B) Feared (C) Imagined (D)

Considered

4. The word nature" in line 6 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

(A) Self-sufficiency (B) Shapes (C) Characteristics (D) Speed

5. The author implies that bacteria were investigated earlier than viruses because

(A) bacteria are easier to detect (B) bacteria are harder to eradicate

(C) viruses are extremely poisonous (D) viruses are found only in hot
climates

6. All of the following may be components of a virus EXCEPT

(A) RNA (B) plant cells (C) carbohydrates (D) a coat of

protein

15. D
16. C
17. A
18. C
19. A
20. B

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