Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS - MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St., Ermita, Manila

ASSEMBLE COMPUTER
HARDWARE

Quarter 1 Week 1 Module 1

Most Essential Learning Competency 1.1: Plan and Design Unit Assembly

0
 HOW DO YOU USE THIS MODULE?
Before you start with this module, pleases set aside other tasks that will distract
and hinder you in enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to fully
enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!

1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page
of this module.
2. Write in your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances
learning, which is important to develop in retaining the lesson in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer
keycard.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE:

• Expectations - These are what you should be able to know after

completing the lessons in the module.
• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what
learnings and skills did you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Activities – These are sets of activities you will perform with a partner.
• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of
the lessons.
• Check your Understanding- It will verify how well you learned from the
lesson.
• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.

1
LESSON 1.1: PLAN UNIT ASSEMBLY
EXPECTATIONS:
• Identify the different types of computer.
• Classify the different types of computers according to various ways.
• List the different types of computers.
• Identify the different factors to consider in planning and designing a
personal computer (PC).
• Plan and design a personal computer.
• Give importance with the essential components when designing a PC.

PRE-TEST:
Direction. Read the questions carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. This computer is used by touching your finger.
A. Desktop C. Mainframe
B. Laptop D. Tablet
2. Which of the following is the most expensive?
A. Desktop C. Tablet
B. Laptop D. Supercomputer
3. Which one of these is the least expensive?
A. Desktop C. Mainframe Computer
B. Laptop D. Supercomputer
4. Which of the following computer is the most powerful?
A. Mainframe Computer C. Server Computer
B. Microcomputer D. Supercomputer
5. What does the acronym PDA stands for?
A. Personal Data Account C. Personal Digital Accountant
B. Personal Diagram Assistant D. Personal Digital Assistant
6. Which of the following types of microcomputer is not included?
A. Cray XT5 and DEC PDP-8 C. PS3 and PS4
B. Desktop and Laptop D. Smartphones and SmartTV
7. Which computer is mainly used in homes for recreation?
A. Mainframe Computer C. Server Computer
B. Microcomputer D. Supercomputer
8. Complex scientific research is usually done using this computer.
A. Mainframe Computer C. Server Computer
B. Microcomputer D. Supercomputer
9. Which type of computer is generally used for travel?
A. Laptop C. Server computer
B. Mainframe D. Supercomputer

2
 10. Which type of computer is used to link or connect other computers?
A. Laptop C. Server computer
B. Mainframe D. Supercomputer
11. This is one of the factors to consider in relation to how much is needed before
building your own personal computer.
A. Budget C. Operating System
B. Intended use D. Reputation
12. It is also one of the important factors to consider before building your own
computer, to know if its components work properly.
A. Budget C. Lifespan
B. Compatibility D. Reputation
13. It refers to what a person wants/likes or “favorites” in building their own
personal computer.
A. Budget C. Intended use
B. Compatibility D. Personal preferences
14. It refers to what people are saying about the product you are purchasing?
A. Budget C. Intended use
B. Compatibility D. Reputation
15. It refers to how long you want your computer to last.
A. Budget C. Lifespan
B. Compatibility D. Reputation

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON:

Computers are often made from different parts. Listed below are the basic
parts of computer. Match these parts with the correct image. Write the letter of your
answer on the space provided.

Basic Parts of Computer

System Unit _________ A
Monitor _________ B

Mouse _________
Printer _________
Keyboard _________
C
E
D

3
BRIEF INTRODUCTION:

We already have an idea of what a computer is. It is also important for

us study the different types of computer to better understand the concept.
Computers have developed so fast because of their usefulness. They now
appear in various sizes, shapes, functions, and power and are used for a
variety of purposes and needs.
Planning is the process of thinking about the activities required to
achieve a desired goal. Like any other worthwhile endeavor, designing and
building a new PC begins with planning. Proper planning prevents rushed trips
to the computer store in the middle of the assembly process.

TOPIC: TYPES OF COMPUTERS

Objectives:
1. Identify the different types of computers.
2. Classify the different types of computers according to size and power.
3. List the different types of computer.

LEARNING CONTENT:

TYPES OF COMPUTERS

A. Based on Principles of Operation:

There are three different types of computers according to the structure, speed
and architecture. Those three types of computers are:
• Analog Computers
• Digital Computers

4
 • Hybrid Computers

Analog Computer is computing device that works

on continuous range of values. The results given by the
analog computers will only be approximate since they
deal with quantities that vary continuously. It generally
deals with physical variables such as pressure,
temperature, speed, and voltages.
Examples:
• Thermometer – it measures the length of a
mercury column continuously.
• Traditional Clock – the needle of clock covers the
distance

Polish Analog Computer

Digital Computer operates on digital data such as numbers. It uses binary

number system in which there are only two digits 0 and 1. Each one is called a bit. It
can perform arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division
and also logical operations. Digital
computer can give more accurate and
faster results and most of the computers
available today are digital computers.
Examples:
• Accounting machines
• Calculators

5
 Hybrid Computer combines the desirable features of analog and digital
computers. It is mostly used for automatic operations of complicated physical process
and machines. It has the speed of analog and
the accuracy of digital computer.
Examples:
• In the hospital’s ICU (Intensive Care
Unit), analog quality controls the
temperature of the room, digital quality
informs the doctor about the patient’s
temperature, blood pressure and other
vital signs.
• Devices used in petrol pump.

B. Based on Configuration (Size and Capability)

Computers are classified in various ways. First, they differ according to size and
power. Computers can be supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers and
microcomputers.

Supercomputer
Supercomputer is the largest and most powerful computers. It is also the most
expensive because it is custom-made for the needs of governments and international
groups and companies.
Supercomputers are used for very special purpose and engineering
applications, including analyzing data from space probes, researching nuclear energy,
creating weather maps and weather forecasting, and finding oil.

Examples:
• GRAPE (Gravity Pipe) –
used for gravitational
computations
• Anton – used for studying
molecular dynamics:
• Cray XT5 – used for
various applications that
need great ability to
"Thunderbird Supercomputer" by SandiaLabs is
process information. One
licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
of the world’s most
powerful supercomputers.

6
Mainframe Computer
Mainframe computer is a large computer
that can process data at a very high rate of speed.
It is mainly used by big businesses and companies
to process and compute large, bulk amounts of
data and handle millions of transactions.

Examples:
• Bank transactions
• Census and consumer statistics
• Airline ticketing "Mainframe" by guiskatenator i
• Large management and payroll needs s licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0

Minicomputer
Minicomputer is another
type of multi-use machine that is
smaller, less expensive and less
powerful than mainframe. This is
used in mid-range businesses
and companies for their
processing needs. Minicomputers
have been replaced by network
servers, which can also do multi-
user and related applications.
"DEC PDP-8" by nicki-alex is licensed under CC BY-NC-
SA 2.0
Server
Server provides services to another computer
program and its user, also known as the client. It is
powerful than normal computers. Server hardware also
differs from desktop hardware in terms of its form factor.

Microcomputer
Microcomputer is probably the most popular
kind of computers. The invention of microprocessor
(single chip CPU) gave birth to the much cheaper microcomputers. They are further
classified into different types:

7
TYPES OF MICROCOMPUTERS

1. Desktop Computers
Today the Desktop computers are the most popular
computer systems. These desktop computers are also
known as personal computers or simply PCs. They are
usually easier to use, upgrade and more affordable. Users
can perform several complicated task in few times without
getting any hindrance. PCs are normally intended for
individual users for their word processing and other small
application requirements.

2. Laptop/Notebook Computers
Laptop computers are portable computers. They are
lightweight computers with a thin screen. They are also called
as notebook/netbook computers because of their small size
and designed like a stylish briefcase. It is battery operated
computers that are very popular with travelers. These micro
computers are more expensive than desktop computers
because in which various small sizes of components are in
built. Its best advantage is portability.

8
 3. Tablet Computers
Tablet computers are handheld portable devices along
with touch screen interface, and they are smaller in size than
notebook devices but bigger to Smartphone. In which, users
can perform both activities (Input/Output) on its LCD screen
and can be run several applications such word processing
and others.

4. Smartphones
Smartphone is a touch screen mobile phone that is
capable to perform various advance functions similar to
computer such as installs OS (operating system), download
different applications, accessibility to internet, and more
activities.

5. PDA Computers
PDA stands for “Personal Digital Assistant”. It is a
handheld device with great portability as well as smaller in size
similar to tablet, palmtop and smartphone. PDA is able to make
communication with other computers like laptops, desktops
and other through Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, radio beams, infrared (IR),
radio waves, and LAN cable. Commonly used for maintaining
the record to appointment calendars, to-do lists, take down
notes, and address books.

6. Game Consoles
Game console is a special kind of computer
primarily used for playing video games. It is a device that
outputs a video signal or visual image to display a video
game that one or more people can play. It also allows non-
gaming activities such watching videos, viewing pictures,
or browsing the Internet.

9
 7. Modern TVs
Modern televisions (Internet TVs) are now having
their own applications and interactive features.
These features allow users to stream music, movies
online or browse the Internet, and view photos.

8. Wearable Computers
A wearable computer is any small technology
device capable of storing and processing data that will
be worn on the body. These are designed for
accessibility and convenience, as well as improvements
to workplaces by making information rapidly and readily
available to the wearer.

ACTIVITY #1:

A. Directions: Give the classification of the following machines as to their

size/power and operations. The first one is given as an example.

MACHINE SIZE / POWER

1. PS4 Microcomputer
2. SmartTV
3. Apple watch
4. Google glass
5. Nintendo
6. Calculator
7. Cray XT5
8. Airline Ticketing
9. MSI Laptop computer
10. DEC PDP-8

B. Fill in the blocks. Cut and paste a picture of computers.

Types of computer according to size/power:

10
Examples of Microcomputers:

ACTIVITY #2:

Direction: Research about one latest type of computer that is present or used
nowadays. Choose only one among the following;
 SUPERCOMPUTER
 SERVER
 MICROCOMPUTER
Place your work on a SHORT BOND PAPER following the format below.
Font: Arial size 12 – for the content, 14 – for the titles

TYPES OF COMPUTER
“name”

Name:
Type of Computer:
Date of released/used:
Location:
Brief History/Information and Uses:

Submitted by: Your name

Grade & Section
Submitted to: Subject teacher

11
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING:
Directions: Fill in the crossword puzzle with the words missing from the
descriptions provided. Match the number of the sentence to the boxes placed across
or down the grid. If filled out correctly, the words will fit neatly into the puzzle.

https://www.bookwidgets.com/play/C9Q9CR?teacher_id=6014101963669504

Scan me.

12
 TOPIC: PLANNING AND DESIGNING A PERSONAL COMPUTER
Objectives:
1. Identify the different factors to consider in planning and designing a PC.
2. Plan and design a personal computer.
3. Give importance with the essential components when designing a PC.

LEARNING CONTENT:

Planning and Designing a Personal Computer

There are many factors to be considered when designing a homebuilt
computer. The most important among these are:

Factors to consider when planning a personal computer

The first step in planning your new PC is

to set a budget -- decide how much you can
Cost afford to spend on the entire project. Later on,
you can use this budget to help you make
decisions about individual components.
How much is your budget
allotted?

If you only want to run office applications,

surf the Internet, and other low-pressure tasks,
then you can save a bundle by selecting
components that are low-cost but more
advanced. This is especially true of processors,
which tend to drop very steep in price once the
next-fastest version of the same chip is released.
On the contrary, if you are into gaming,
Intended audio, photo or video editing, music composition,
Use or other high-resource computing, you will want
to get as close to the bleeding edge as your
budget allows you when choosing a CPU, RAM,
motherboard, etc. You'll also want the biggest
What do you plan on doing hard drive(s) you can afford, and will probably
with the machine? want to use SATA for faster data transfer.

A kind of any computer components you

buy will come with drivers for most recent
versions of Windows (but check the box to make
Operating sure).
System If you are planning to use Linux, BSD, or
some other non-Microsoft operating system, and
then make certain that your components will work

13
How much processing power with that system. Most Linux distributions, for
do you need? example, maintain lists of hardware that will work
with their distribution. There are also newsgroups
devoted to hardware issues on specific operating
systems.

As you begin to lay out your new PC, it is

better to check the reviews, newsgroups, and
message boards to see what others think of the
Reputation components you are considering.
What people are saying about
the product you are
purchasing?

Hardware advances that make a

component forefront this year may just almost
satisfy the minimum system requirements for
Lifespan software released a few years from now. If you
can afford it, selecting the most current
components available may enable your computer
How long do you want the with an extra year or so of life.
computer to last?

Most computer fans have their own

"favorite" companies, like NVidia video cards and
Creative sound cards. But it doesn't mean that
the others are no good. It so happens that most
found out that NVidia and Creative products are
more durable, high-performing, and dependable.
Others also like Netgear network cards and
Plextor optical drives, for the same reasons.
Personal Some people would disagree with others
Preferences opinions, and that's fine. But when you build a
machine for your own use, you tend to choose
hardware from companies that you like --
companies whose products has a good
What are your personal experience with. That is your right to choose
preferences when it comes to which companies' parts will go into your
computer? computer, because It's your machine.

If you decide to design your computer

Compatibility yourself, check the newsgroups and message
boards to see if anyone's had problems with the
particular combinations you've selected. Some
components simply don't play nicely with each
Some components simply other.
don’t play nicely with each
other.

14
 ACTIVITY #1:

Directions: Start to plan and design your own personal computer by answering
the following guide questions. You can ask your parents/siblings to help you
find/search for your ideal Desktop/Laptop computer.
Guide Questions Your Answers
1. For what and why do you need to
build your own personal computer?
Give your reason.
2. What do you need when you build
your own personal computer?
Specify all.

a. How much is your budget?

b. What do you plan on doing with

the computer?

c. How long do you want the

computer to last?

d. Are you considering a high-end

computer? If yes, then why?

e. What Operating System do you

prefer?

ACTIVITY #2:

Direction: Based from the Activity 1 above, list down all the needed computer
components with its specifications for you to be able to design and build your own
ideal Personal Computer. You can ask any persons with background in computer
components/specifications.
Components Specifications
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

15
CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING:
Direction: Inside the grid are factors to consider when designing a personal
computer. Find and circle each of them to answer this task.
Note: The words may be hidden in any direction.
1. How much things
you need to design?
2. What do you plan on
doing with the
machine?
3. How long do you
want the computer to
last?
4. Check the reviews to
see what others
think of the
components you are
considering.
5. Make certain that
your components will
work with that
system.
6. You tend to choose
hardware from
companies that you
like.
7. Some components
simply don’t play
nicely with each
other.

Scan me

REMEMBER:

Computers are everywhere. There are computers, or some types of it, at

home, in school, and at the office. Today, most appliances and gadgets are
computerized, which means that a program or software runs our cellphones,
modern TVs, and even our watches.
It is important for a student to learn how to plan in order to get things done
properly, prevents rushed trips to the computer store in the middle of the assembly
process and to achieve the desired result. The factors to consider are very helpful
for the beginner who is planning to design/build their own personal computer.

16
POST TEST:
A. Direction. Read the questions carefully and encircle the letter of the correct
answer.

1. The fastest and most expensive computer in the world.

A. Desktop computer C. Mainframe computer
B. Laptop computer D. Supercomputer
2. It refers to what a person wants/likes or “favorites” in building their own
personal computer.
A. Budget C. Intended use
B. Compatibility D. Personal preferences
3. A computing device that works on continuous range of values.
A. Analog computer C. Hybrid computer
B. Digital computer D. Mainframe computer
4. A type of computer with a flat touch screen but no separate keyboard or
mouse?
A. Desktop computer C. Mainframe computer
B. Laptop computer D. Tablet computer
5. A special kind of computer that is used primarily for playing video games.
A. Console game C. Tablet
B. SmartTV D. Wearable computer
6. This is one of the factors to consider in relation to how much is needed before
building your own personal computer.
A. Cost C. Operating System
B. Intended use D. Reputation
7. It is also one of the important factors in building your own personal computer,
to know if its components work properly.
A. Budget C. Lifespan
B. Compatibility D. Reputation
8. It refers to what do you plan on doing with the machine?
A. Budget C. Intended use
B. Compatibility D. Personal preferences
9. It refers to what people are saying about the product you are purchasing?
A. Budget C. Intended use
B. Compatibility D. Reputation
10. It refers to how long you want your computer to last.
A. Budget C. Lifespan
B. Compatibility D. Reputation

17
B. Directions: Label the different types of computers. Write your answer on the box
provided below:

18
CSS PROJECT #1

1. Research an old model computer advertisement. Get a copy of it, and

place it on one side of a bond paper. Then on the other side of the same
paper, place an ad of the latest computer possible. Write about the
changes that you noticed between the two.
2. List all the computers that you encounter and use on a daily basis.
3. Create a diagram showing the different types of computers and their
examples on an illustration board.

REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET:

I learned that
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________

19