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Introduction To HTML

The document introduces HTML and provides an overview of its basic concepts and elements. It defines HTML, describes what a web browser is and how it displays HTML pages, and gives a simple example HTML document structure.

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gaurav chauhan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
145 views

Introduction To HTML

The document introduces HTML and provides an overview of its basic concepts and elements. It defines HTML, describes what a web browser is and how it displays HTML pages, and gives a simple example HTML document structure.

Uploaded by

gaurav chauhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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9/30/2020 Introduction to HTML

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HTML Introduction
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HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages.

What is HTML?
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages
HTML describes the structure of a Web page
HTML consists of a series of elements
HTML elements tell the browser how to display the content
HTML elements label pieces of content such as "this is a heading", "this is a
paragraph", "this is a link", etc.

A Simple HTML Document

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>

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<body>

<h1>My First Heading</h1>


<p>My first paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

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Example Explained
The <!DOCTYPE html> declaration defines that this document is an HTML5
document
The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page
The <head> element contains meta information about the HTML page
The <title> element specifies a title for the HTML page (which is shown in the
browser's title bar or in the page's tab)
The <body> element defines the document's body, and is a container for all the
visible contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images, hyperlinks, tables, lists,
etc.
The <h1> element defines a large heading
The <p> element defines a paragraph

What is an HTML Element?


An HTML element is defined by a start tag, some content, and an end tag:

<tagname>Content goes here...</tagname>

The HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag:

<h1>My First Heading</h1>

<p>My first paragraph.</p>

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Start tag Element content End tag

<h1> My First Heading </h1>

<p> My first paragraph. </p>

<br> none none

Note: Some HTML elements have no content (like the <br> element). These elements
are called empty elements. Empty elements do not have an end tag!

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Web Browsers
The purpose of a web browser (Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Safari) is to read HTML
documents and display them correctly.

A browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses them to determine how to display
the document:

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HTML Page Structure


Below is a visualization of an HTML page structure:

<html>

<head>

<title>Page title</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>This is a heading</h1>

<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

<p>This is another paragraph.</p>

</body>
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</html>

Note: Only the content inside the <body> section (the white area above) will be
displayed in a browser.

HTML History
Since the early days of the World Wide Web, there have been many versions of HTML:

Year Version

1989 Tim Berners-Lee invented www

1991 Tim Berners-Lee invented HTML

1993 Dave Raggett drafted HTML+

1995 HTML Working Group defined HTML 2.0

1997 W3C Recommendation: HTML 3.2

1999 W3C Recommendation: HTML 4.01

2000 W3C Recommendation: XHTML 1.0

2008 WHATWG HTML5 First Public Draft

2012 WHATWG HTML5 Living Standard

2014 W3C Recommendation: HTML5

2016 W3C Candidate Recommendation: HTML 5.1

2017 W3C Recommendation: HTML5.1 2nd Edition

2017 W3C Recommendation: HTML5.2

This tutorial follows the latest HTML5 standard.

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