Scribd
Upload
97 views

Vlab Natural Language Programming Experiment 1

The document discusses morphological analysis of words, which involves identifying the root and affixes of a word. It explains that words can be simple, consisting of just a root, or complex, made up of a root and affixes. The document also describes the different types of morphology, morphological features identified in analysis, and provides examples of analyzing words in Hindi and English.

Uploaded by

Manisha Hatzade
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
97 views

Vlab Natural Language Programming Experiment 1

The document discusses morphological analysis of words, which involves identifying the root and affixes of a word. It explains that words can be simple, consisting of just a root, or complex, made up of a root and affixes. The document also describes the different types of morphology, morphological features identified in analysis, and provides examples of analyzing words in Hindi and English.

Uploaded by

Manisha Hatzade
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Word Analysis

Aim: The objective of the experiment is to learn about morphological features of a word by

analysing it.

Introduction
A word can be simple or complex. For example, the word 'cat' is simple because one cannot
further decompose the word into smaller part. On the other hand, the word 'cats' is complex,
because the word is made up of two parts: root 'cat' and plural suffix '-s'
Theory

Analysis of a word into root and affix(es) is called as Morphological analysis of a word. It is
mandatory to identify root of a word for any natural language processing task. A root word
can have various forms. For example, the word 'play' in English has the following forms:
'play', 'plays', 'played' and 'playing'. Hindi shows more number of forms for the word 'खेल'
(khela) which is equivalent to 'play'. The forms of 'खेल'(khela) are the following:

खेल(khela), खेला(khelaa), खेली(khelii), खेलूंगा(kheluungaa), खेलूंगी(kheluungii), खेलेगा(khelegaa),


खेलेगी(khelegii), खेलते(khelate), खेलती(khelatii), खेलने(khelane), खेलकर(khelakar)

For Telugu root ఆడడం (Adadam), the forms are the following::

Adutaanu, AdutunnAnu, Adenu, Ademu, AdevA, AdutAru, Adutunnaru, AdadAniki, Adesariki, AdanA,
Adinxi, Adutunxi, AdinxA, AdeserA, Adestunnaru, ...

Thus we understand that the morphological richness of one language might vary from one
language to another. Indian languages are generally morphologically rich languages and
therefore morphological analysis of words becomes a very significant task for Indian
languages.

Types of Morphology

Morphology is of two types,

1. Inflectional morphology

Deals with word forms of a root, where there is no change in lexical category. For example,
'played' is an inflection of the root word 'play'. Here, both 'played' and 'play' are verbs.

2. Derivational morphology

Deals with word forms of a root, where there is a change in the lexical category. For example,
the word form 'happiness' is a derivation of the word 'happy'. Here, 'happiness' is a derived
noun form of the adjective 'happy'.

Morphological Features:

All words will have their lexical category attested during morphological analysis.
A noun and pronoun can take suffixes of the following features: gender, number, person, case
For example, morphological analysis of a few words is given below:

Languageinput:word output:analysis
Hindi लडके (ladake) rt=लड़का(ladakaa), cat=n, gen=m, num=sg, case=obl
Hindi लडके (ladake) rt=लड़का(ladakaa), cat=n, gen=m, num=pl, case=dir
Hindi लड़कों (ladakoM)rt=लड़का(ladakaa), cat=n, gen=m, num=pl, case=obl
English boy rt=boy, cat=n, gen=m, num=sg
English boys rt=boy, cat=n, gen=m, num=pl

A verb can take suffixes of the following features: tense, aspect, modality, gender, number,
person

Languag
input:wordoutput:analysis
e
rt=हँस(hans), cat=v, gen=fem, num=sg/pl, per=1/2/3 tense=past,
Hindi हँसी(hansii)
aspect=pft
English toys rt=toy, cat=n, num=pl, per=3

'rt' stands for root. 'cat' stands for lexical category. Thev value of lexicat category can be
noun, verb, adjective, pronoun, adverb, preposition. 'gen' stands for gender. The value of
gender can be masculine or feminine.
'num' stands for number. The value of number can be singular (sg) or plural (pl).
'per' stands for person. The value of person can be 1, 2 or 3

The value of tense can be present, past or future. This feature is applicable for verbs.
The value of aspect can be perfect (pft), continuous (cont) or habitual (hab). This feature is
not applicable for verbs.

'case' can be direct or oblique. This feature is applicable for nouns. A case is an oblique case
when a postposition occurs after noun. If no postposition can occur after noun, then the case
is a direct case. This is applicable for hindi but not english as it doesn't have any
postpositions. Some of the postpsitions in hindi are: का(kaa), की(kii), के(ke), को(ko), में (meM)
Procedure

STEP1: Select the language.


OUTPUT: Drop down for selecting words will appear.

STEP2: Select the word.


OUTPUT: Drop down for selecting features will appear.

STEP3: Select the features.

STEP4: Click "Check" button to check your answer.


OUTPUT: Right features are marked by tick and wrong features are marked by cross.
Output

You might also like