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Removing Difficulties: (Modified Newton's Method) : F (X) (X R) Q (X), Q (R) 0

Modified Newton's method can be used to find multiple roots of a function. It involves defining a new function S(x) as the ratio of the original function f(x) and its derivative f'(x). This deflated function S(x) will have a simple root at any multiple root of the original function. The modified Newton's method formula then uses S(x) in place of f(x) to iteratively find the root. However, this technique may encounter difficulties for functions involving transcendental terms, as S(x) can become discontinuous at extrema of f(x), impeding convergence to a single root.

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Tahera Parvin
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25 views2 pages

Removing Difficulties: (Modified Newton's Method) : F (X) (X R) Q (X), Q (R) 0

Modified Newton's method can be used to find multiple roots of a function. It involves defining a new function S(x) as the ratio of the original function f(x) and its derivative f'(x). This deflated function S(x) will have a simple root at any multiple root of the original function. The modified Newton's method formula then uses S(x) in place of f(x) to iteratively find the root. However, this technique may encounter difficulties for functions involving transcendental terms, as S(x) can become discontinuous at extrema of f(x), impeding convergence to a single root.

Uploaded by

Tahera Parvin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Removing Difficulties: (Modified Newton’s Method)

To remove the difficulties of multiple roots. Atom (1370) gives another technique by which we
obtain a multiple root with quadratic converge. If f (x) has a root of multiplying k at x= y we
have,

f ( x )=( x−r )k Q ( x ) ,Q(r ) ≠ 0

Let,

f ( x)
S ( x )=
f ' (x)

So that,

( x−r )k Q ( x )
S ( x )= k−1 k
k ( x −r ) Q ( x )+ ( x−r ) Q' ( x )

( x−r )k Q ( x )
¿
kQ(x)
( x −r )k [
x−r
+Q' ( x ) ]
Q( x)(x−r)
¿
kQ ( x ) +(x−r )Q ' ( x )

f ( x) Q(x )(x−r )
⇒ S(x )= =
f ( x ) kQ ( x ) +( x−r) Q' ( x )
'

Which has a simple root at x=r, when S( x )is used in Newton’s formula we get,

S ( xn ) f ( xn ) f '( xn)
x n+1=x n − =x n−
S' ( x n ) 2
[ f ' (x n) ] −f ( x n ) f ' ' (x n)
This is the modified form of Newton’s method. Where we need to compute three functions at

Each function f ( x n), f '( x n), f ' ' ( x n).

Some warning are in order, however this technique works fine with polynomials, but when f (x)
involves transcendental there may be difficulties. The deflated function we have infinite
discontinuities at the maxima and minima of f (x), which can be the reduced function and make
it difficult to converge to some single root of f (x).
f ( x)
Adjacent fig. showing the plots of f ( x )=( x−1)3 sinx and s ( x )= .
f ' (x)

We observe that the discontinuities at point where f ' ( x )=0 and the distortions at the zero of the
same function.

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