Chapter 1 Major Non Major

CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
As per Repuclic act number 992 - An Act to Provide for a Budget System for the
National Government, under Section 14 about the use of appropriated funds. States that
all moneys appropriated for the various functions, activities and projects in terms of
expected results, shall be available solely for the specific purposes for which
appropriated, and for no other.
For the last three consecutive years, the Department of Education received the
highest budget allocation. According to the Department of Budget and Management
(DBM), “This will allow the DepEd to open 53,831 teaching positions and 13,280 non-
teaching posts. To address the backlog in facilities, P118.8 billion will be used for
construction, repair, and acquiring basic educational needs. It includes 47,492 classrooms
and 66,492 sets of school seats for the K-12 program. The DepEd's budget will also make
additional learning resources available. The department will purchase 55 million
textbooks and instructional materials, as well as equipment for science and mathematics
for 5,449 schools.” The Department of Education is entrusted with this budget to provide
quality, relevant, accessible and liberating education to the Filipino people.

According to the Book, Effective Schools in Developing Countries of Levin and
Lockheed (2012), Developing countries face a host of common problems in providing
sufficient education and of quality to their youth. Like in the Philippines, that is why the
government adopted the K-12 Program in the new Enhanced Basic Education Curriculum
as per Republic Act 10533. Last January 2018, Secretary Leonor Briones of the
Department of Education said that “the importance of education is not only the concern
of educators and educationists but of the entire country,”
It is important to a country to put premium into the quality of education.
Implementing K-12 program is one of the solutions of the government for the country to
produce learners that are competent and can cope to the global standards.
Unfortunately, for the past years the performance of the country's public high school
students in the National Acievement Test has been on the decline and are significantly
lower than the scores of public elementary students. The Department of Education’s data
showed that the average NAT score of public high school students for School Year 2011
to 2012 was significantly lower at 48.9% compared to the elementary students' 66.79%.
Senator Sherwin T. Gatchalian, vice chair of the committee on education, arts and culture
said NAT scores were low during the school year 2016-2017 with Grade 6 students
recording a 40% average while Grade 10 students were graded at 44.1%. The
performance was slightly lower than the 41.5% and 44.7% averages, respectively, in the
2015-2016 school year. This declining rating in NAT of the high school students mirrors
the declining quality of learning inside the classroom.

One of the factors that affect the quality of education is the incompetentcy of
teachers to their subject matter. According to Egalite and Kisida (2018), the mismatch of
teachers to their subject matter affects the academic performance of the students. In the
public schools, there are still teachers who are teaching outside their comfort zones or
subject matter.
The general intent of this study is to know the peformance of major and non
major Filipino teachers as percieved by the students. This ex post facto study aims to
determine if there is a significant difference in the performance of major and non major
Filipino teachers as perceived by their learners. In the recommendation part of this study
it would suggest solutions to address this shortcoming into our education system to
improve the quality of education.
According to Yadaved & Singh, (1988) cited by Opanda (2014), The teachers
cannot play any of the roles unless properly trained. Quality improvement in education
depends upon proper training of teachers. That is why retooling and proper training must
be provided to teachers who have low class performance in the classroom.
The quality of education is directly related to the quality of instruction in the
classrooms. It is a fact that the academic qualifications, knowledge of the subject matter,
competence, and skills of teaching and the commitment of the teacher have effective
impact on the teaching learning process, (Opanda, 2014). These factors have a great
effect to the learners. Particulary, if the teacher is lacking of knowledge into his or her
subject matter. This study can be basis to correct and re-aligned teachers who are
teaching outside their specialization to improve the quality of the learning process.
Quality education reflects to the quality of instruction inside the classroom. This
can be achieved through teachers who are competent and knowledgable to their subject
matters. Through their quality performance in class will result to quality learning of the
students.
Statement of the Problem
The general problem of the study is: How does the performance of Major and
Non-Major Filipino teachers as perceived by the students differs?
Specifically, the study will seek to answer the following questions:
1. What is the Demographic Profile of the teacher-respondents in terms of:
1.1 Age
1.2 Sex
1.3 Civil Status
1.4 Educational Qualification
1.5 Years of service in teaching Filipino
2. What is the performance of the major Filipino teacher as perceived by the
students?
3. What is the performance of the nonmajor Filipino teacher as perceived by the
students?
4. Is there a significant difference between the performance of major and
nonmajor Filipino teachers as perceived by the students?

Significance of the Study
The study aims to know the significant difference between the performance of
major and non-major Filipino teachers as perceived by the students.
The result of this study will be of great benefit to the following:
The Students
The students will receive the quality education that they deserve to have through
their specialization-aligned teachers.Any improvement to the teacher’s performance can
pave the way of producing better learning in the classroom.
The Teachers
The teachers will be teaching their respective majors or specialization for them to
for them to impart and share their knowledge in the subject-matter to the learners.
The Administrators
The administrators will use this this study as a reference for their hirings. They
will know the difference between the performance of major and non-major teachers to
their subject as perceived by the learners.
The Future Researchers
The future researchers can use this study as a reference if they want to pursue and
replicate a similar study.

Scope and Limitation
The general intent of this study is to know the peformance of major and nonmajor
Filipino teachers as percieved by the students. This study will identify the performance of
major and nonmajor Filipino teachers of Camarin High School located at Cadena de
Amor Street, Area B, Barangay 178, Camarin, Caloocan City, Philippines. The
respondents were identified through purposive sampling technique. There are fifteen
major Filipino teachers and ten nonmajor Filipino teachers. Each teacher was evaluated
by their 6 students.The data were gathered through a questionnaire. Each student was
given a same questionnaire to answer. The questionnaires were filled-up by the student-
respondents in the current school year 2019-2020.

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CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

appropriated, and for no other.

highest budget allocation. According to the Department of Budget and Management

additional learning resources available. The department will purchase 55 million

quality, relevant, accessible and liberating education to the Filipino people.

Lockheed (2012), Developing countries face a host of common problems in providing

of educators and educationists but of the entire country,”

It is important to a country to put premium into the quality of education.

the declining quality of learning inside the classroom.

improve the quality of education.

be provided to teachers who have low class performance in the classroom.

The quality of education is directly related to the quality of instruction in the

Non-Major Filipino teachers as perceived by the students differs?

Specifically, the study will seek to answer the following questions:

1. What is the Demographic Profile of the teacher-respondents in terms of:

1.3 Civil Status

1.4 Educational Qualification

1.5 Years of service in teaching Filipino

2. What is the performance of the major Filipino teacher as perceived by the

3. What is the performance of the nonmajor Filipino teacher as perceived by the

4. Is there a significant difference between the performance of major and

nonmajor Filipino teachers as perceived by the students?

major and non-major Filipino teachers as perceived by the students.

The result of this study will be of great benefit to the following:

their specialization-aligned teachers.Any improvement to the teacher’s performance can

pave the way of producing better learning in the classroom.

their subject as perceived by the learners.

The Future Researchers

replicate a similar study.

respondents in the current school year 2019-2020.

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