Lesson 13 Shunt Connected

Dc Motor Examples
ET 332a
Dc Motors, Generators and Energy Conversion
Devices

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 1
Learning Objectives
 Explain how changing field excitation of a shunt motor
affects its performance
 Explain how the internal feedback inherent in the shunt
motor maintains a nearly constant shaft speed.
 Use shunt motor equations and circuit model to compute
motor operating conditions.

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 2
 Dynamic Response of Shunt Motors
1.) Increasing TL causes
Ea = Ke(n) motor to slow.
Ea
2.) Reduced armature
speed decreases Ea.
TD = KT(Ia)
3. ) More Ia flows in
TD
VT  E a armature circuit.
Ia  More Ia means more
R acir
Ia TD.

n 4.) When TD matches TL

Ea
n system stabilizes at
Ke
new operating point.
Ia higher:
TL
5.) Ea and n return to
Time
almost the same
values
Lesson 13 332a.pptx 3
 Dc Shunt Motor Solution Methods
Just as in other machines studied up to now, the motor speed,
developed torque and generated emf are all proportional. If an
operating point and a percent increase/decease is known, the new
operating point can be found using proportions.

Ea is proportional to speed TD is proportional to armature Current

E a1 n 1 TD1 I a1
 
Ea2 n 2 TD 2 I a 2

Speed is directly proportional to Ea and inversely proportional to field flux

n 1  E a1    p 2 
  
n 2  E a 2    p1 

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 4
Example 13-1:Shunt Motor Speed Control
Using Field Weakening
A 10 HP 240 volt 1200 rpm motor is operating
at rated conditions. Determine the percent change in
shunt field flux required to lower the speed to 900
rpm. Assume that armature current remains the
same.

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 5
 Example 13-1 Solution (1)
Define speeds for two cases
n1 = 1200 rpm n2 = 900 rpm
Set up proportions
VT  I a1  R acir VT  I a 2  R acir
n1  n2 
 p1  k G  p2  k G
 VT  I a1  R acir 
 
n1   p1  k G   VT  I a1  R acir    p 2  k G  Since Ia1=Ia2 this
   
n 2  VT  I a 2  R acir    p1  k G   VT  I a 2  R acir  simplifies
 
  p 2  k G 
Find the value of 1200 rpm   p 2 
n1   p 2     1 .33
  Fp2 assuming Fp1 = 900 rpm  1 
n 2   p1 
1
  p 2   p1  1.33  1
   100 %  100%  33% Answer
 
  p1   1 
Lesson 13 332a.pptx 6
 Example 13-2
A 200 volt shunt motor is rated a 5 HP and 1000 rpm.
At rated output it draws 25 A of line current. The total
armature circuit resistance is 0.5 ohms. The field
resistance is 100 ohms
a.) find the total rotational losses of the motor at rated
conditions
b.) Find the no load speed of the motor at 200 volts

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 7
 Example 13-2 Solution (1)
IT = 25 A Find Ia
Racir Ia Rf
5 HP
1000 rpm 200 V
If

Rotational losses are the difference

between Pem and Pshaft

Find Ea

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 8
Example 13-2 Solution (2)

Answer

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 9
 Example 13-2 Solution (3)
b.) At no-load the only power absorbed is what is required
to supply Prot.

Power balance on electric side of motor. Neglecting brushes

Put into standard form

Solve quadratic for

Ia
Lesson 13 332a.pptx 10
Example 13-2 Solution (4)
Torques is proportional to armature current Ia. Lower
power requires lower torque and armature current

Speed is proportional to Ea

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 11
Example 13-2 Solution (5)
Solve the previous equation for n2

Answer

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 12
 Example 13-3: Effects of Changing Field
Excitation
Weakening the field increases speed but reduces torque

Example 13-3: A 500 volt 125 HP 1150 rpm shunt motor

operates at rated conditions, driving a constant-torque load.
The line current at rated conditions is 204.3 amps. The total
armature resistance is 0.0343 ohms the field resistance is 96
ohms.
a) Determine the steady-state armature current if a 0.052 ohm
resistor is connected in series with the armature and the
field is weakened by 10% from its rated value.
b) b.) Determine the steady-state speed for conditions in part
a.

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 13
Example 13-3: Solution (1)
R1=0.052 W

IT = 204.3 A
Racir Rf=96 W
0.0343 W
If VT=500 V

Find Ea at rated conditions

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 14
Example 13-3: Solution (2)

Switch in additional resistance, R1, and weaken field

TD1 = TD2 Constant torque load

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 15
 Example 13-3: Solution (3)
Field weakened by 10% reduces the value of KT by 10% assuming
no magnetic saturation

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 16
 Example 13-3: Solution (4)

Answer Part a

b.) Find speed under the above conditions

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 17
Example 13-3: Solution (5)

Answer Part b

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 18
End Lesson 13
ET 332a
Dc Motors, Generators and
Energy Conversion Devices

Lesson 13 332a.pptx 19