CODING
AND
DECODING
2
3
Overview
Types of coding and decoding
Examples
Exercise
4
Types of coding and Decoding
Letter coding
Number coding
Mixed series
Mixed number coding
Decoding
Symbols coding
5
Letters position and opposite alphabet
6
Letter coding
In letter coding, we just need to find the relation
between pair of words.
Type:1 - By adding or subtraction of letter with
numbers
Eg: If BOOK is coded as CQRO, then APPLE is ?
B+1=C A+1=B
O+2=Q P+2=R
O+3=R P+3=S
K+4=O L+4=P
E+5=J
APPLE is coded as BRSPJ
7
Type - 2
By reversing the position of letters
Eg : If SWITCH is coded as HCTIWS than PARROT is ?
S W I T C H
H C T I W S
8
Continued……
Then Parrot is
P A R R O T
T O R R A P
So answer is TORRAP
9
Type - 3
Letters are shifted in the alphabet as well as their position in
the word are moved.
Eg: MEDICAL is coded as MBDJEFN. Then BOTTLE is?
+1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1
M E D I C A L
M B D J E F N
10
Continued…
Then BOTTLE is
+1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1
B O T T L E
F M U U P C
So answer is FMUUPC
11
Number coding and decoding
In this either numerical code values are assigned to a word or
alphabetical code letters are assigned to the number.
Eg:1 If GIVE is coded as 5137 and BAT is coded as 924, how is
GATE coded?
G 5 G 5
I 1 A 2
V 3 T 4
E 7 E 7
B 9 GATE - 5247
A 2
T 4
12
Continued…
Eg:2 If TEXTBOOK is coded as 102, then MARKER is?
Positions of letters
T = 20 M = 13
E=5 A=1
X = 24 R = 18
T = 20 K = 11
B=2 E=5
O =15 R = 18
O =15 Total = 65
K =11
20+5+24+20+2+15+15+11=102
13
Mixed coding
Three or four complete messages are given in the coded
language and the code for a particular word is asked.
Eg: In a certain language, ‘come now’ is written as ‘ha na’,
‘now and then’ is written as ‘pa do na’ and ‘go then’ is written
as ‘sa pa’. How is ‘and’ written in that language?
Come now = ha na
Now and then = pa do na
Go then = sa pa
Then and is written as do.
14
Mixed number coding
Three or four complete messages are given in the coded
language and the code number for a particular word is asked.
Eg: In a certain code, '259' means 'read from paper'; '276'
means 'tea from field' and ‘65' means ‘field paper'. Which
of the following is the code for ‘tea’?
2 5 9 = read from paper
2 7 6 = tea from field
6 5 = field paper
So tea is 7
15
Decoding
In these questions, artificial or code values are assigned to a
word or a group of words from this required to find out the
original words.
Eg: In certain language HOUSE is coded as GNTRD then SZAKD
is decoded as?
H–1=G S+1=T
O–1=N Z+1=A
U–1=T A+1=B
S–1=R K+1=L
E–1=D D+1=E
So the answer is TABLE
16
Symbols Decoding
In this type of questions either alphabetical code values are
assigned to symbols or symbols are assigned to alphabets.
Eg: In a certain code ‘TOME’ is written as ‘@ $ * ?’ and ARE is
written as ‘• £ ?’ How can ‘REMOTE’ be written in that code?
T–@ A–• R-£
O–$ R–£ E–?
M–* E–? M–*
E–? O–$
T–@
E–?
Answer is REMOTE = £ ? * $ @ ?
17
Exercises
18
In a certain code, MONKEY is written as
XDJMNL. How is TIGER written in that code?
-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
M O N K E Y
X D J M N L
-1 -1 -1 -1 -1
T I G E R
Answer is QDFHS
Q D F H S
19
In as a certain code, 15789 is written as EGKPT and
2346 is written ALUR. How is 23549 written in that
code?
In the given codes, the numbers are coded as
shown :
1 5 7 8 9 2 3 46
E GKP T ALUR
So, 23549 is coded as ALGUT.
20
If white is called blue, blue is called red, red is called
yellow, yellow is called green, green is called black, black
is called violet and violet is called orange, what would be
the colour of human blood?
The colour of the human blood is 'red' and as given,
'red' is called 'yellow'.
So, the colour of human blood is 'yellow'.
21
If the animals which can walk are called swimmers,
animals who crawl are called flying, those living in
water are called snakes and those which fly in the sky
are called hunters, then what will a lizard be called?
Clearly, a lizard crawls and the animals that crawl are called
'flying'.
So, 'lizard' is called 'flying'.
22
In a certain code, '37' means 'which class' and '583' means
'caste and class'. What is the code for ‘caste’?
In the given statements, the common code digit is '3' and the
common word is 'class'.
So, '3' stands as 'class'.
Thus, The answer is, either 5 or 8 stands for 'caste'.
23
If 'nso ptr kli chn' stands for 'Sharma gets marriage gift',
'ptr lnm wop chn' stands for 'wife gives marriage gift',
'tti wop nhi' stands for 'he gives nothing',
what would mean 'gives' ?
In the second and third statements, the common word is
'gives' and the common code word is 'wop'.
So, 'wop' means 'gives'.
24
In a certain code, 'ile be pee' means 'roses are blue'; 'sik hee' means
'red flowers' and 'pee mit hee' means 'flowers are vegetables'.
How is 'vegetables are red flowers' written in this code?
a. pee sik mit hee
b. sik pee hee be
c. il sik mit hee
d. Cannot be determined
The required code will consist of the same codes as in
the third statement with the code for 'red' added to it.
So the answer is option A
25
In a certain code language, 743 means ‘Mangoes are
good’, 657 means ‘Eat good food’ and 943 means
‘Mangoes are ripe’.
Which digit means ‘ripe’ in that language?
Form the first and the third statements, the codes 3 and 4
stands for ‘mangoes are’.
Hence, from the third statement, the code for ripe is 9.
26
If PURPLE is coded as EVSQMP, then MAGNET is
coded as
The first and last letters are swapped and the remaining
letters are written one step forward
MAGNET – TBHOFM
If COFFEE is coded as VVUULX and PEN is coded as
MVK, then TABLE is coded
A is Z, B is Y, C is X……..
Then TABLE is GZYOV, but if written in reverse
ELBAT - VOYZG
27
If PRISON = 49, WIND = 25 and MONKEYS = 64, then
ACCURATELY is coded as
PRISON has 6 letters and is coded as (6 + 1)2 = 49
Hence, ACCURATELY has 10 letters and is coded as 121
If URDU is coded as ROAR, then ROAR is coded as :
Each letters moves -3.
Hence ROAR is coded as OLXO
28
If ‘Dim lim Jim’ is coded as ‘work is worship’, ‘sik hee’ is
coded as ‘prayers help’ and ‘Jim mit hee’ is coded as
‘worship will help’. Then prayers is coded as:
Dim lim Jim - work is worship
Sik hee - prayers help
Jim mit hee - worship will help
In 2nd and 3rd code – hee stands for help,
hence prayers is coded as sik
29
Thank you!
Any questions?
