MCHE 201 Engineering Graphics and

visualization

Dr. Mohamad Darwiche

Grading system

Year work -- 60 marks Final exam -- 40 marks

Midterm AutoCad Lab Attendance

exam work obligatory
-- 30 marks -- 30 marks

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Drawing

Describing any object/ information diagrammatically

Engineering Drawing

Graphical means of expression of technical

details without the barrier of a language.
Universal language for engineers

Impossible to describe the details

of the building

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Difficult to describe the details of the machine

Chemical reactor

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 Electrical circuit

Drawing is important for all branches of

engineering.

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 Engineering drawing is completely different
from artistic drawing, which are used to
express aesthetic, philosophical, and
abstract ideas.

Engineering Drawing

Manual Drawing CAD

Computer has a major impact on the methods used to

design and create technical drawings.
Design and drafting on computer are cheap and less time
consuming.
Why we go for manual drawing?

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 Items required for drawing Items required for drawing
 Drawing board
 Drawing sheet
 T- sqaure
 Drawing pencils
 Instrument box containing compass, divider, etc.
 Triangles 30-90 and 45 – 90
 Protractor or Ariston triangle
 French curves
 Eraser
 Drawing clip/pin/adhesive tape
 Sharpener
 Duster

Working edge

Drawing board must be placed on the table

with working edge always to be at the left
side.

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Last two sizes are normally used for student drawing

Mini-drafte fixed on drawing board

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Another tool…

T- square

Some drawing instruments

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 Lay out of a drawing sheet

Layout of the title box to be adopted in this course

Beirut Arab University 20

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TITLE:

SCALE:
10

ROLL NO:
NAME: 10

PLATE NO:
EVALUATED BY 10

110 75

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Drawing Pencils

Wooden pencils – are graded and designated by numbers and letters

Mechanical pencils – Allowed
• 7B, 6B, 5B, 4B, 3B, 2B, B - in decreasing order of softness and
blackness
• HB to F – Medium grade
• H, 2H, 3H, 4H, 5H, 6H, 7H, 8H, 9H – increasing order of
hardness.

Drawings are done using 2H pencils and finished with H

and HB pencils – to be practiced in this course.

Pencil drawing –
In finished drawing, all lines (except construction lines-
used to construct the drawing) should be dense, clean and
uniform.
Construction line should be drawn very thin and should be
hardly visible in the finished drawing ( they should not be
erased).

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Line types

Line types….CONTD

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 Uses of different types of lines in a given drawing

Uses of different types of lines in a given drawing

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Examples of good and poor drawing techniques for
lines and arcs

Standards and Conventions

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Following the standard rules (grammar) of any language
(Arabic/English) – communication of thought between
people becomes easier.
If words in a sentence were presented randomly –
understanding becomes very difficult.
For effective communication of technical (graphics)
information– set of standards and conventions – a must.
Standards and Conventions – very important

Conventions – commonly accepted practices, rules,

or methods.
Dashed lines are used
to represent hidden
features of an
engineering drawing..

Hidden lines – location

of drilled hole’s
diameter, in a view
where the hole cannot
be directly seen.

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 Standards – set of rules that govern how technical
drawings are represented..

Drawings are dimensioned using an accepted set of

standards such as placing the dimension text such that
it is read from the bottom of the sheet.

Drawing standards
ANSI – American National Standards Institute
ANSI Y14.1 1980 (R1987) – Drawing sheet size
and format
ANSI Y 14.2M-1979 (R1987) – Line conventions
and lettering
ANSI Y14.5M-1982(R1988) – Dimensioning and
tolerances
ANSI Y 14.3-1975(R1987) – Multi view and sectional view drawings

ISO – International Standards Organization

BS - British Standard

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Units of Measure
International systems of units (SI) – which is based on
the meter.
Millimeter (mm) - The common SI unit of measure on
engineering drawing.
Individual identification of linear units is not required if
all dimensions on a drawing are in the same unit (mm).
The drawing shall however contain a note:
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM. (Bottom left
corner outside the title box)

Dimensioning

Indicating on a drawing, the size of the object and

other details essential for its construction and
function, using lines,numerals, symbols, notes, etc.

Dimensions indicated on a drawing should be those

that are essential for the production, inspection and
functioning of the object and should not be mistaken
as those that are required to make the drawing of an
object.

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Dimensioning of an
object is
accomplished by
dimensioning each
element to indicate
its size (size
dimensions) and
relative location
(location dimensions)
from a center line,
base line or finished
surface.

Each feature is
dimensioned
and positioned
only once.

Each feature is
dimensioned
and positioned
where its
shape shows.

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How to begin your drawing?
•Clean the drawing board and all the drawing
•instruments using duster.
•Fix the drawing sheet on the drawing board.
•Draw border lines using B pencil..
•Complete the title box using B pencil .
•Plan spacing of drawings b/n two problems/views
beforehand.
•Print the problem number on the left top and then
•commence the drawing work.

Thank you
For your attention

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