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    Δ x = b−a n: Numerical Integration

    Uploaded by

    Titin Evania Manalu
    The document discusses numerical integration techniques including: 1) The trapezoidal rule approximates the area under a curve using trapezoids instead of rectangles, with the integral approximated as the sum of the areas of trapezoids formed by the partition points and function values. 2) Improper integrals can be used to find the area under curves over infinite regions by taking the limit of the area as the bounded region extends to infinity, such as the area under y=e-x/2 from 0 to infinity being equal to 2. 3) Formulas are provided for computing improper integrals over regions from negative to positive infinity or over the entire real number line.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Δ x = b−a n: Numerical Integration

    Uploaded by

    Titin Evania Manalu
    43 views2 pages
    The document discusses numerical integration techniques including: 1) The trapezoidal rule approximates the area under a curve using trapezoids instead of rectangles, with the integral approximated as the sum of the areas of trapezoids formed by the partition points and function values. 2) Improper integrals can be used to find the area under curves over infinite regions by taking the limit of the area as the bounded region extends to infinity, such as the area under y=e-x/2 from 0 to infinity being equal to 2. 3) Formulas are provided for computing improper integrals over regions from negative to positive infinity or over the entire real number line.

    Original Title

    Numerical Integration

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    The document discusses numerical integration techniques including: 1) The trapezoidal rule approximates the area under a curve using trapezoids instead of rectangles, with the integral approximated as the sum of the areas of trapezoids formed by the partition points and function values. 2) Improper integrals can be used to find the area under curves over infinite regions by taking the limit of the area as the bounded region extends to infinity, such as the area under y=e-x/2 from 0 to infinity being equal to 2. 3) Formulas are provided for computing improper integrals over regions from negative to positive infinity or over the entire real number line.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    43 views2 pages

    Δ x = b−a n: Numerical Integration

    Uploaded by

    Titin Evania Manalu
    The document discusses numerical integration techniques including: 1) The trapezoidal rule approximates the area under a curve using trapezoids instead of rectangles, with the integral approximated as the sum of the areas of trapezoids formed by the partition points and function values. 2) Improper integrals can be used to find the area under curves over infinite regions by taking the limit of the area as the bounded region extends to infinity, such as the area under y=e-x/2 from 0 to infinity being equal to 2. 3) Formulas are provided for computing improper integrals over regions from negative to positive infinity or over the entire real number line.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Numerical Integration

    The trapezoidal rule for the value of deninite integral is based on approximating the region
    between a curve and the x-axis with trapezoids instead of rectangels.
    b−a
    Δx =
    The length n is callled the step size or mesh size. The area of the trapezoid that i-

    y i−1 + y i Δx
    th subinterval is
    Δx ( 2 )
    = ( y +y )
    2 i−1 1
    xxxxxxxxxxxPICTURExxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
    -To trapezoidal Rule :
    b
    ∆x
    ∫ f ( x)dx, 2
    To approximate a use T = (y0, 2y1, ... , 2yn-1, yn)
    The y’s are values of f at the partition points
    b−a
    Δx =
    X0 = a, x1 = a + ∆x, x2 = a + 2∆x, ... , xn-1 = a + (n-1) ∆x, xn = b, where n

    Improper Integrals
    xxxxxxxxxxxxxCURVEXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
    Consider the infinite region that lies under the curve y = e -x/2 in the first quadrant. Yaou might
    think this region has infinite area, but we will seee that the natural value to assign is finite.
    Here is how to assign a value to the area. First find the area A(b) of the portion of the region

    b b
    − x/2
    ∫e dx=∫−2 e x /2 =−2 e−b/2 +2
    that is bounded on the right by x=b , A(b) = 0 0

    Then find the limit of A(b) as b → ∞


    −b
    (
    lim A ( b )= lim −2 e 2 +2 =2 )
    n→∞ n→ ∞

    The value we assign to the area under the curve from 0 to ∞ is


    ∞ −x

    ∫ e−x/ 2 dx=¿ lim e ( 2 )


    dx+ 2 =2 ¿
    0 b →∞

    ∞ b

    If f(x) is continuous on [a, ∞), then ∫ f ( x ) =lim ∫ f ( x ) dx


    a b →∞ a
    b b

    If f(x) is continuous on (-∞, b], then ∫ f ( x ) =alim


    →−∞
    ∫ f ( x ) dx
    −∞ a

    ∞ c ∞
    If f(x) is continuous on (-∞, ∞], then ∫ f ( x ) =∫ f ( x ) dx +¿∫ f ( x ) dx ¿a
    −∞ −∞ c

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