PROJOX ACADEMY/9953118716,9667944902

Physics Light (Ray Optics) CTS-1

A
1. (B) From diagram
3  180    60

  
O B
2.(C) in figure given in question.
2i1  2i2  180 …(i)
And  90  i1    90  i2     180 …(ii)

From (i) and (ii)   90

C
3.(D) Man can see image between A and C
G D
AC = AE + DE + DC
d B
= 2HF + DE + 2FG F
E
= DE + 2 (HF + FG) = d + 2d = 3d H
4.(D) Perpendicular to mirror L A
 
VI / m   Vo/ m 2L

V o / m  2i  i  i
 
V I / m   i  VI  0
Parallel to mirror
 
V I m  V 0m
 
 V I  V 0  3 j  6k
Hence net velocity of image = 3 j  6k

5.(B) 6.(D) 7.(A) 8.(C) 9.(B) 10.(AC) 11. (AD)

1 1 1  v 
12. (AB)   m  2
v u f  u 

13.(C) For M 1 : V  60, m1  2

For M 1 : u  20, F  10
1 1 1 20
   V  20  M2    1  M  m1  m 2  2
V 20 10 20
1 1 1 280
14.(B) Mirror formula:    v cm
v 280 20 15
2 2
v  280  1
vimage     vobject  vimage     15  vimage   m / s
  5  280  15
15.(0) 16.(A) 17.(D)
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  
18.(D) Shift = t  1  1
 2 
19. [A – 2; B – 1; C - 3]
1 1
1 sin 5  2 sin 30  
2 2
1 3
1 sin 45  3 sin 60  
3 2
2
 2 sin 30  3 sin 60   3
3

r
20.(D) tan iC   r  h tan t C
h
1
But sin iC 

1
tan iC 
2  1

r 1 h 12 36
   r   cm
h 2  1 2
 1 16 7
1
9
21.(B) 1  sin 45   sin r
1 1 45
   sin  90  C     cos C
2 2
r
1 2 1 1 1 1
   1  sin C    1    1 2
2 2 2 2 
C
1 3
  2  1   
2 2
22.(B) For min , i should be maximum and maximum possible value of i  90 .
Hence if for i  90 ,  min  C then light ray does not cross the curved surface for any value of i.
Hence from Snell’s Law.
1  sini   sin  90    
i
 sin 90   sin  90   
1
  cos   1  cos    cos C  since   C 

1 1 1 1 1
  1  sin 2 C   1  2
1    2  min  2
   2
 2

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23.(D) water
glass

24.(B)  i   graph is as shown

180 –
2C  max  180  2C
90 – C

i
C
25.(B) 26.(A)
 1  1 
27.(C) Shift due to slab = t 1    6  1    2cm towards P
   3/ 2 
For mirror, u    27  2    25cm
1 1 1 1 1 1
      v   100m
v u f v 25 20
After reflection once more refraction by slab shift final image by 2 cm away from P.
So final image is 102 cm from P

28.(A) i  r  90
sin i   sin r r

 sin i   cos i air
 tan i   i i

sin i A
29.(A)   , At minimum deviation r 
sin r 2
sin i sin i sin i
   2 
A  60  sin 30o
sin   sin  
2  2 
1
 2sin i  2  sin i   sin 45o  i  45o
2
30.(A) r2  C
 A  r1  C  r1  A  C
 sin r1  sin  A  C   sin i   sin  A  C 

7
 sin i   sin A cos C  coA sinC 
3

7  3  3 1 3
 sin i   1  7   2 7 
3  2   

7 3 1 3 1
 sin i      sin i   i  30
3  7 2 7  2
31.(B) ie A  15  60  A  30  A  45 32.(D) 33.(B)

34.(B) Angular dispersion, b  r  ( b   r )A

b  r  (1.659  1.641)5o  0.09o

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Physics Light (Ray Optics) CTS-2

1.(A) For refraction at a spherical surface,

 2 1  2  1 1.5 1 1.5  1
    
v u R v 15 30
1.5 0.5 1 1.5
     v  30cm
v 30 15 30
Negative sign indicates that the image is formed on the same side of the object i.e. 30 cm left.
2.(C) Water to glass
3/ 2 4 / 3 3/ 2  4 / 3 3 1 1
    
v 20 10 2v 15 60
3 1 4 1
     v   30 cm
2v 60 60 20
Glass to water
 u   30  20   50cm
4 / 3 3/ 2 4 / 3  3/ 2
 
v 50 10
4 3 1 4 1 3
       v   100 cm
3v 100 60 3v 60 100

3.(D) Using shells caw

sin 60  3 sin     30
 Net clockwise deviation = 2  60  30   60

60

1 2 1 2
4.(B) For B,    VB   10cm (10 cm left of plane boundary)
V B 20 
1 1.5 1  1.5
For A,    VA   10cm (at O itself)
VA 10 10
Separation between the two images = 10 cm
5.(BC) Concave lens and convex mirror are diverging in nature. Therefore, the refracted/reflected rays do not meet
and are produced to make then meet. Therefore, the image formed is virtual and erect.
1  1. 5  1 1
6.(A)   1     f = + 3.5 R
f  1.75   R R 
7.(D) For a lens,
1  1 1 
 (  1)    . Given R 2   for plane surface
f  R1 R 2 
1  1 R 20 20
   f    40cm
f R (  1) 1.5  1 0.5
8.(AC) 9. (BC)
10.(BD)
1 1 1 1 1 1 v
For lens       V   40 m   1
v u f v 40 20 u

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1 1 1 1 1 1 v 60
For mirror:       V   60 m      1
v u f v 60 30 u 60
2nd refraction from lens:
1 1 1 1 1 1 v
      V   40 m    1
v u f v 40 20 u
Hence final image is real, inverted and of same size.
1 1 1 1 1 20
11. (B)      f  cm
f f1 f2 20 10 3
1  1.5  1   2 
12. (D) R1 = 20 cm, R2 = 10 cm Using,   
f  1 R
Now in water.
3 4

 2 
f1 '  2 3    f1 '  80 cm
4 / 3  20 
3 4

 2 
f 2 '  2 3    f1 '  40 cm
4 / 3  10 
1 1 1 1 1 80
     f' cm
f' f1 ' f2 ' 80 40 3

1 1 1   1 1  0.5
13.(B)  (  1)     (1.5  1)    
f1  R1 R 2  14   14
1 1 1  1 0.2
 (1.2  1)    
f2   14  f1 14
1 1 1 0.5 0.2 0.7
    
f f1 f 2 14 14 14

1 7 1 1 1 1 2 1
    
v 140 40 20 40 v 40
v  40cm
14.(B) For silvered on plane side.
1 2 1
 
F1 f 
For silvered on convex side
1 2 1
 
F2 f R / 2
2 2
 
F1 f R n
Hence  
F2 2 n 1

f
1 2 1 2 1
15. (B)    
Fm f f m 15 

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15
 Fm   (combination behaves like concave mirror)
2
1 1 1 1 1 1
      V   12 cm
v u Fm v 20 15 / 2
1 2 1 1  1.5  1  1 1  1
16.(5)      2    
Fm f fm Fm  1  50    
 Fm = 50 cm. (Focal length of equivalent mirror)
1 1 1 1 1 1 25
Now,       V  cm
u v f 10 V 50 3
I V I 25 / 3
m     I  5mm 17.(B)
0 u 6 10
18.(B) After refraction from lens the ray must fall on mirror normally.
f
So 2| f 2 |  d  | f1 | f1

 d  2| f 2 |  | f1 | c

2 | f2 | – d
d

19. (C) After refraction from lens the light ray should become parallel to optic axis or perpendicular to the plane mirror.
So f = 40 cm.
1    1  1 1  1  2  9
Now          1    
f  1   10 10  40  10  8
I1
20.(ABCD) D = 96 cm ; 4 O I1 I 2  I1 I 2  O 2
I2

O2 O
 I 22   2 (ratio of length of object to shorter image)
4 I2
O 1
 
I1 2
D  u2 1 96  u2 1
    u2  64
u2 2 u2 2
D  u1 96  u2
2  2  u1  32    u2  u1  32 cm
u1 u1
D 2   2 962  322 64
f    cm
4D 4  96 3
For shorter image u = u2 = 64
D  u2  96  64  32 cm

21.(C) The optic axis will not change after cutting.

30 cm
For P,
2 cm
1 1 1 X P
  0.5 cm Y
v 30 20 optics axis
 V = 60 cm
V |I | 60
| m|     |I |  1 cm So image will be 1.5 cm below x-y
u 0.5 30

22.(AC)

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 PROJOX ACADEMY/9953118716,9667944902

JEE Mains Light (Ray Optics) CPQ

1.(D) 2.(B) 3.(B) 4.(D) 5.(B) 6.(A) 7.(D)

8.(D) 9.(D) 10.(B) 11.(D) 12.(A) 13.(C) 14.(C)
15.(D) 16(B) 17.(A) 18.(A) 19.(B) 20.(D) 21.(B)
22.(B)
 2 1  2  1
23.(C) Using refraction formula,  
v u R

1.34 1 1.34 1 3.4

Or     V  30.7 mm  3.1cm
V  7.8 78
24.(C) 25.(C) 26.(C) 27.(A) 28.(D) 29.(D) 30.(B)
31.(B) 32.(D) 33.(A) 34.(A) 35.(A) 36.(A) 37.(A)
38.(A) Let angle between the directions of incident ray and reflected ray be 

1 ˆ 1 1
cos  
2
  
2

i  3jˆ  ˆi  3i  
2
;   120o 39.(A)

 1
40.(D) Shift = t 1  
 
  A  D 
 sin  
41.(A) R  B  D1  D2     2 
 sin A / 2 
 
 
 Ans. (A) or for small angled prism D  A    1

42.(C) Rau diagram is a shown in the figure below :

SO PM
Here,   RM  2L
OP RM
ST QM L
Also,   SM 
TQ SM 2

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3L
RS  RM  SM 
2
43.(A) u = v  the object is placed at the centre of the equivalent mirror.
1   1. 5  1 1  1
  2   1      Fm   10 cm .
Fm  1     30   30 /2
R  | 2 Fm |  20 cm

44.(A) Equation of refracted ray is Y

y  tan x  b
b 
b X
 y xb I
f
f
45.(A) For total internal reflection, at top surface  2  1 .
  C

  2  90  C 2
1
Now 1 sin 1  2 sin  2
1 2
2  
 sin 1  sin  90   c   2 cos  C  2 1  sin2  C
1 1 1
2 2  22
 sin 1  1  12  sin 1  1
1 2 12
1 1 1
46.(B) Let u  x  v  D  x   
x Dx f

D DD  4 f  D  DD  4 f 
 x 2  Dx  Df  0  x1  and x2 
2 2
Dd Dd
 d  x2  x1  DD  4 f   x1  and x2  [Note : x1 + x2 = D]
2 2
2
x2 Dd x Dd I 2 I 2 / 0 m2 Dd
 m1   and m2  1       
x1 Dd x2 Dd I1 I1 / 0 m1 Dd
47.(C) Take refraction from two surfaces.
48.(C) i  30
 sin i  sin  30    
1 120 2
1.44   sin 30   
2 
 30    sin 1
0.72     sin 1
0.72  30 

49.(B) For  min i , i  e, r1  r2 . Ray will become parallel to base for equilateral prism.
1 1 1 1 1 1
50.(B)
f
 f 51.(B) P  P1  P2 
f1
  
f 2 0.4 0.25
  1.5 D


52.(A) 53.(D)
54.(B) The focal length of the spectacles lens has to be in such a way that the rays from indefinites appears to come from a
distance of 200 cm.
1 1 1 1 1 1
      f   2m
v u f 2  f
1
p  0.5D [Lens to be used is concave lens]
f

55.(D) ie A

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A
For  min , i  e and r1  r2   2i  A  A  i A  given  min  A
2
A 
Using Snell’s law, 1  sin i   sin r1  sin A   sin  A  2 cos 1
2 2
1 2 1 3
56. (C) sin 1   , sin 2  
g 3  4
Let 3 be critical angle for water and glass surface
 4 / 3 8
sin 3   
g 3/ 2 9
3  2  1
57. (B) to retrace the path r2  0 30


1  sin 60   sin 30 60

  3

v
58. (A) For virtual image m = + 2   2  V   2u
u
1 1 1
   u  f /2
2u u f
v
For real image m   2,  2
u
1 1 1 3f
   u
2u u f 2
3f f
Shift =   f 59.(B)
2 2

60.(A) A  30o ,i  60o ,   30o

60  e  30  30
e  60  60  ZERO .
v
61.(A) Magnification m m    v   mu
u
Image is real.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1  m (m  1) (m  1)
By lens formula,         u f
f v u f mu u mu mu m
(m  1)f
Distance of object from lens 
m
62.(A) Real image of same size is obtained when the object is placed at centre of curvature of the equivalent
concave mirror
1 2 1
 
f1 f1 f m

1  1 1 
For lens,  (n  1)   
f1  R1 R 2 
1 1 1  1
 (1.5)     f1  60cm
f1   30  60

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1 2 1 24 6 1
    
F 60 15 60 60 10
F = 10 cm  Distance of object  2  10  20cm
63.(A) When the plane surface of a plano-convex lens is silvered, it behave like a concave mirror.
The plano-convex lens with plane face is silvered has a focal length given by
1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1
       ( f m  )
F f1 f m f1 f1 f m 20 
1 1
  f  10 cm
F 10
64.(D) 65.(C)
1 2 1 1 2 1 R  R 15
66.(C)    or,    ( for plane surface, f m    )  F cm
F f1 f m F 15  2 2
1 1 1
  2 1  1 
From mirror formula, F  v i.e.   ( u  20cm)
15 v  20 

1 2 1
or    v  12cm
v 15 20
i.e. image will from at 12 cm left of AB.

Realdepth d d d
67.(B)     Due to 1st liquid, 2 or x1 
Apparent depth x x1 2
1 1
68.(B)    or  2
sin C sin 45o

or   1.414 69.(A)
70.(A) It behaves as convex mirror.
71.(C) Power of combination = P1  P2  15 D  D  10D
1 1
Focal length of combination F    0.1m  10cm
P 10D
72.(A) Red colour will pass and other will get internally reflected.
73.(C) For required condition the light ray should be parallel to principal axis after refraction through curved surface of lens.
3/ 2 1 3/ 2  1
   x = 40 cm
 x  20

P1 2 f 2
74.(A)   2 
P2 3 f1 3
1 1 1
Focal length of their combination,  
f f1 f 2
1 1 1 3 1 1  3 1  1 
   [from (i)]   1       
30 f1 2f1 30 f1  2  f1  2 
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2 2
 f1  15cm  f 2   f1   15  10cm
3 3
1  1 1 
75.(D) Given : Refractive index of lens is n = 1.5. According to lens maker’s formula,  (n  1)   
f  R1 R 2 
For equiconvex lens, according to sign convention, R1  R, R 2  R
1 1 1 1  2
  (1.5  1)    or  0.5    f  R
f R R f 5
1
76.(D) If C has to be the critical angle, C  sin 1

sin i 2 sin 
But C  90o  , i     
sin i 3 cos C

2  1 2  1
But cos C   sin     2  1
 
4  1 
   sin 1  1  sin 1  
3  3
So, that C is making total internal reflection.
77.(B) 78.(A) 79.(B) 80.(A)
81.(B) Here, u  400 cm  4m, v  ,f ?
1 1 1
Using lens formula,  
v u f
1 1 1
or   or f   4m
 4 f
Lens should be concave.
1 1
Power of lens     0.25 D
f 4
82.(C) 83.(C) 84.(B) 85.(B) 86.(B) 87.(B) 88.(C) 89.(C)
90.(C) 91.(B) 92.(A) 93.(A) 94.(B) 95.(C) 96.(C) 97.(C)

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JEE Advanced Light (Ray Optics) CPQ

2
1.(AB) Case I : 2  2 then critical angle at lower boundary = sin 1  45  T .I .R.
2
 angle of deviation = 180  2i  90
Case II : 2  2 then angle of refraction  at lower boundary will be same as angle of incident at upper boundary.
Let r: angle of refraction at upper boundary. Then by snells Law:
2 sin 45  2 sin   2 sin r  sin r  1  angle of deviation =  90       45   45
1.5 1 1.5  1
2.(A) Air to glass :    v1  30cm
v1  10
1 1.5 1  1.5
glass to air : u  30  5  25cm ;    v2   25cm
v2 25 5
1. 5 1 1.5  1
air to glass : u   25  10   35cm     v3   35 / 3 cm
v3 35 5
1 1.5 1  1.5
glass to air : u   35 / 3  5   50 / 3cm     v4   25cm
v4 50 / 3 10
1 1 1 1 dv 1 du dv v 2 du
3.(1)      0  
v u f v dt u 2 dt dt u 2 dt
2 2
uf dv  f  du  30 
V     =    4   1 cm / s .
u f dt  u  f  dt  90  30 
 i.e., image is moving away from the mirror with speed 1 cm/s.

1 1 1
4.(4) w  4 / 3  
F f1 f2
1   1 1   2  1 1 
R    1 1     1   
30     60 60      60 60 
1 2
1 1  1  2 
    2  1  2   1  2   4
30 30   
1. 5 1 1.5 1
5.(5) air to glass,    v  9 R
v 1.5R R
4/ 3 3/ 2 4/ 3  3/ 2
glass to water,    v
v 9 R R
 rays traveling parallel to principal axis inside the liquid.
hence by symmetry O is also at a distance of 1.5 R from L1
 total distance between O & I is 1.5R + 2R + 1.5 R = 5R
R
6.(D) Since the ray is not paraxial. Hence PQ 
2
MC  2QC cos 30 M
30
R R 30
 QC   P
2 cos 30 3 30
P
 PQ  PC  QC Q C
R
= R
3
1 1 1 1 1 1 25  f
7.(20)      
V1 25 f V1 f 25 25 f
1 1 1 1 1 1 40  f
     
V2 40 f V2 f 40 40 f
m1 V 40 40 40  f 25 f
4  1  4  .  4  f  20cm
m2 25 V2 25 40 f 25  f
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8.(8) I1  Image after first refraction I1 4

v
I 2  Image after reflection 3 4
30   40
I 3  Image after second refraction 30cm v = 4m/s
3
Vr = V + V = 2V = 8 m/s

40cm
120
 90
4 / 3v 4/ 3
4/ 3
I3
80
4
I2 v
3
9.(BC) Displacement method
10.(B) 11.(C) 12.(B)
A
  30  r1  r2  30 (using A = r1 + r2 and geometry)

1  sin 45   sin 30 60

45
r1 r2
  2

  45  r1  180  2r2  45  30  150

      
60 60
60
B C
( 1  45 , using Snell’s Law at BC)
1
If AC is not polished 2 sin r2  1  sin e  e  45
13.(AB) 1 sin i   2 sin r'
And r  r'  90  1 sin i  2 cos r
2
Also r  i  1 sin r   2 cos r  tan r 
1
2
C  sin 1  C  sin 1  tan r 
1

14.(C) From symmetry, ray must pass through the sphere parallel to
the optic axis. For first refraction.
 1  1 R x x
   x
 x R  1
0. 8 0.8
15.(BC) Depth of F  6  6  6.6 m
 4/3
4
Height of B  0.8    6  0.8   6  8.8 m
3
4
16.(BD) Velocity of B observed by F  2    3  2   3  6m / s
3
2 2 3 9
Velocity of F observed by B  3   3   3   m/s
 4/3 2 2
 1  1 
17. (D) Shift = t 1     25  5   t 1    5  t  15 cm
   3/ 2 
18.(D)

19.(AD) For concave lens.

1 3  1 1  1
   1   
f1  2   10  15  12

For convex lens :

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1 4  1 1  2
   1   
f2  3    15 15  45

For equivalent mirror (Let focal length Fm)

1 2 2 1 1 2 4 1
        Fm   18
Fm f1 f2 fm Fm 12 45 15 / 2
1 2
20. (C) 1.5  1    R  f  10 cm .
f R
 
1 2 1 2 1 2 5
      Fm  
fm f fm 10 5 5 2
1 1 1
21.(D)    V  30 cm consider with centre of mirror
v 30  15
The refracted ray from lens fall on the mirror normally.
Hence the ray will retrace its path and final image will coincide with the object itself.
22. (AC) For  min .  i  e 
i+e= A  
r1  r2  A / 2  30  sin i  2 sin 30  i  45  45  45  60      30
2
23. (ACD) sin C  (if Light travels from 1 to 2)
1
24.(B) 1  sin 90    sin  90   
 1   cos  
 sec    y

 1  tan 2    2
 90
1  tan 2   3 y  1
dy dy 3 2
  3y   3dx  2 y  3x  y  x
dx y 4
25.(ABCD)   i graph is as shown

  2C


C
2

i
C /2
33.25 1 1 1 1 1 1
26.(C)  1.33 ; d  25, u  40, v  40 ;     
d f v u f 40 40
Hence, f  20cm
27.(B) 1 sin 1   2 sin 2

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10 10 10 1
cos 1    ; cos 1   1  60
2 2 400 20 2
 6 3   8 3   100

3 1
2 sin 60  3 sin 2  2  3 sin 2  sin 2   2  45
2 2
28.(A)

29.(C) ˆi  N
ˆ  eˆ  N
ˆ

30.(ABC) For face AB : 1  sin 60  3  sin r1

B
1
 sin r1   r1  30 60 C
2
In BPQC : 60   90  r1    90  r2   135  360 135
60
 r2  45 r1
P
1 1
At face CD : sinc   r1 Q
 3 r2
1
sin r2   r2  C (Total internal reflection at CD)
2 r3 75
In RDQ : 90  r3  90  r2  75  180  r3  30 D
A r4 R
1 1 1
At face AD : sinC   ; sin r3   r3  C
 3 2
Ray will come out from AD
1
At R : 3  sin r3 1  sinr4   sin r4  r4  60
3
2
   p  Q   R   60  r1    180  2r2     r4  r3    30 
n1 n
31.(AC)   sin1 then  will also greater then sin 1 3 if n3  n1
n2 n2
If n3  n1 then At AB, n3 sin r  n2 sin 
C D n2
 sin r  . sin 
n3
r
A B n2  n  n
  . sin  sin1 1   1
n3  n2  n3
n
 r  sin 1 1  TIR at CD
n3
32.(A) For the first case
1 1  1 1  1 1 1 1 
  (  1)       1.5 1   
v u  R1 R 2  20 20  R R 
 R 10cm
For the second case, when the vessel is being filled with the liquid then

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 air i  g i air   g 1  1.5  i 1 1.5

     i  
v1 u R R 30 20 10 10

10
i 
9
33.(A) For face PQ, 1.0sin 450  2 sin 

   300
Also,     90  90  450  1800

     450
   150
Hence (A)
34.(8) We know that for the given case,
 sin   constant
So, 1.6sin  30    n  mn  sin 90
i.e. 0.8  n  mn Solving, m = 8

 2 1   1
35.(B)   2
V u o 2R
3  2 3   2
 
Vf V R

3  2 1   2  2  3 1   2
      3   2  1   2  23  2 2  1   2  23
Vf  0 2R R 2
36.(C) For concave mirror if x and y are object distance and image distance, respectively, we have
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 dx 1 dy Vx x 2
         0   2
x y |f | x y |f | x 2 dt y 2 dt Vy y

Vx 1 x
For  , ,  2
Vy 4 y

x 3| f | x |f |
For  2, we get x  [For point A] And for  2, we get x  [for point B]
y 2 y 2
As the middle point happens to be focus of the mirror, we get | f | L
37.(BC)
1 1 1 uf
38.(AC)    v v < u and v < f
v u f uf
du dv
V0   , Vi  
dt dt
1 1 1
Differentiating  
v u f

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2
1 dv 1 du 1 1 v
  0   2
( Vi )  2 [ V0 ]  0  Vi    V0
v2 dt u 2 dt v u u
Since v < u, so V1  V0 for each case.

39.(BC) 40.(B) 41.(A)

42.(B) 43(A) 44.(C)
Each half lens will form an image in the same plane.
The optic axis of the lenses are displaced,
1 1 1
  , v  60cm . Form similar triangles OI1I 2 and OP1P2 . We have
v ( 30) 20
I1I 2 u  v 90
 I1I 2  (2  0.05)  0.3cm
P1P2 u 30
Thus, the two images are 0.3 cm apart.
45.(A) Since final image will coincide with the object if the ray retraces its path after reflection from the concave
mirror, i.e., the ray strike the mirror normally. The normal rays at the mirror after being extended must
pass through the centre of curvature of the mirror for the refraction at the convex lens.
1 1 1 1 35
v  (2f  12)  24cm, u  d,     , d  15cm
24 d 40 24 120
1 1 1
46.(C) Here f  60cm,  
24 d 60
47.(3) Given i  60o ,   30o and A  30o
We have   i  e  A
From Eq. (i), we get 30o  60o  e  30o or e = 0
So r2 is also zero, then r1  A  30o
sin i sin 60o
So    3
sin r1 sin 30 o

Hence the value of a = 3.

48.(A) See figure. The ray will come out from CD if it suffers total internal reflection at surface AD. i.e., it strikes
the surface AD at critical angle C (the limiting case). Applying Snell’s law at
n2
P, n1 sin C  n 2 or sin C 
n1
Applying snell’s law at Q,n 2 sin   n1 cos C;

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n1  n   n  n   
sin   cos sin 1  2  or   sin 1  1 cos sin 1  2 
n2   n1    n 2   n1   
49.(B)
 2 1  2  1
50.(B)  
V u R
1 1.5 0.5 1 1 1 3
    
V 50 10 20 V 120 100
V  50cm
 2 1.0 0.5 1 1
   
 u 10 u 20
u  20 cm ; Hence d = 50 + 20 = 70
51.(6) sin C  3/ 5  R  6 cm
25 18
52.(3) For v1  50 / 7m,u1  25m, v2  25 / 3m,u 2  50m; speed of object =   3km h 1
30 3
53.(2) 54.(7)
55. [ (A – r) ; (B – p) ; (C – q) ; (D – s)]
56. [A-q] [B-r, s] [C-p, r, s] [D-p, q]
57. (A-q, r; B-q, r; C-q, s; D-q, s)
58. (A-p, q, r, s; B-q ; C-p, q, s, s; D-p, q, r, s)
In case of concave mirror of convex lens, image can be real virtual, diminished magnified or of same size.
B.: in case of convex mirror, image is always virtual (for real objects).

PROJOX ACADEMY 18 PHYSICS