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Department of Mathematics MAL 110 (Mathematics I) Tutorial Sheet No. 3 Several Variables, Maxima/Minima and Euler's Theorem

This document contains a tutorial sheet for a mathematics course covering several topics including: 1) Finding domains and limits of multivariable functions 2) Determining continuity and differentiability of functions 3) Using partial derivatives and differentials to approximate functions and compute maxima/minima 4) Applying techniques like Taylor expansions, Lagrange multipliers, and homogeneity to solve optimization problems involving multiple variables.

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Kushagra Gupta
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74 views2 pages

Department of Mathematics MAL 110 (Mathematics I) Tutorial Sheet No. 3 Several Variables, Maxima/Minima and Euler's Theorem

This document contains a tutorial sheet for a mathematics course covering several topics including: 1) Finding domains and limits of multivariable functions 2) Determining continuity and differentiability of functions 3) Using partial derivatives and differentials to approximate functions and compute maxima/minima 4) Applying techniques like Taylor expansions, Lagrange multipliers, and homogeneity to solve optimization problems involving multiple variables.

Uploaded by

Kushagra Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Mathematics

MAL 110 (Mathematics I)


Tutorial Sheet No. 3
Several Variables, Maxima/Minima and Euler’s Theorem
1. Find the domain of the function f described by-
√
(a) f (x, y) = 4 − x2 − y 2
(b) f (x, y) = ln(x2 + y 2 − 9)

2. Determine the limit whenever it exists for the following-

(a) f (x, y) = ln(x + y) at (0, 0)


x2 −y 2
(b) f (x, y) = x−y at (1, 1)
(c) f (x, y) = √ xy at (0, 0)
x2 +y 2
x3 +y 3
(d) f (x, y) = x2 +y 2 at (0, 0)

3. Show that the limit of the function as P → P0 where P0 = (0, 0) or (0, 0, 0), does not exist where-
y2
(a) f (x, y) = x2 +y 2
x2 y 2
(b) f (x, y) = x4 +3y 4
x2 +y 2
(c) f (x, y, z) = x2 +y 2 +z 2
xyz
(d) f (x, y, z) = x3 +y 3 +z 3

4. Consider the function f defined by


{
x2 y
x4 +y 2 if (x, y ̸= 0, 0)
f (x, y) =
0 otherwise
Show that f is not continuous at (0, 0)

5. Find the slope of curve cut from the surface


z = 3x2 + 4y 2 − 6 by a plane through (1, 1, 1) and parallel to the following-

(a) xoz coordinate plane


(b) yoz coordinate plane

6. Find the first partial derivatives of the function f at the point specified
x2 +y 2
√ √
(a) f (x, y) = xy at ( 2, 2)
(b) f (x, y) = (x2 + xy)3 at (1, 0)
(x+y)
(c) f (x, y, z) = (x+z) at (0, 0, 1)

7. Find the total differential df of f at the indicated point P in all those cases where f is differentiable at P if-

(a) f (x, y) = xcos2y − sin(xy), P = (1, π)


(b) f (x, y, z) = xy + yz, P = (0, 1, 1)

8. W = f (x, y, z) and ∆x, ∆y, ∆z are given. Find f (a, b, c) approximately from f (a − ∆x, b − ∆y, c − ∆z)
where W = lnxy, ∆x = −0.2, ∆y = −0.2, ∆z = 0.4, a = 0.8, b = e − 0.2, c = 0.

1
9. Use the differential of f to√ compute approximate expression for
f (3.01, 3.97) if f (x, y) = x2 + y 2
10. Check the following function for homogeneity and specify the degree whenever it is homogeneous
x2 +y 2
(a) f (x, y) = x2 −y 2

(b) f (x, y) = tan−1 (x/y)


2 2
11. If u(x, y) = ln( xx+y
+y
), x > 0, y > 0, show that x ∂u ∂u
∂x + y ∂y = 1
2 2
12. If u(x, y) = sin−1 ( xx+y
+y
), x > 0, y < 1, show that in the domain of definition of u,
∂u ∂u
x ∂x + y ∂y = tanu
3 3
13. If tanu = xx−y
+y
, 0 < x < y, then show that
∂u ∂u
x ∂x + y ∂y = sin2u
2 2 2
x2 ∂∂xu2 + y 2 ∂∂yu2 + 2xy ∂x∂y
∂ u
= (1 − 4sin2 u).sin2u

14. Show that if z = f (x, y), x = r cos t, y = r sin t, then-


∂z ∂f ∂f
∂r = ( ∂x )cost + ( ∂y ) sin t
∂z
∂t = r(−( ∂f ∂f
∂x )sint + ( ∂y ) cos t)

15. Let z = f (x, y), x = eu − e−v , y = e−u + ev . Prove that


∂u − ∂v = x ∂x − y ∂y
∂f ∂f ∂f ∂f

16. Find the maximum value of f (x, y, z) = x2 + 2y − z 2 , subject to the constraints 2x − y = 0 and y + z = 0
17. If a, b, c are positive numbers find the extreme value that f (x, y, z) = ax + by + cz can take on the sphere
x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1
18. Find the local max/min of z = x2 + y 2 subject to the condition stated-

(a) 3x2 + xy + 3y 2 = 1
(b) x2 + 4xy + y 2 = 1

19. Use the method of Lagrange’s Multiplier to locate all the local maxima and minima for
f (x, y, z) = x + y + z, where x2 + y 2 = 1 and y 2 + z 2 = 1.
20. Find the critical points of f (x, y) and determine it’s relative extrema, if any, in the following
f (x, y) = 2sin(x + 2y) + 3cos(2x − y)
21. Find for what values of (x, y), z has relative maximum or relative minimum:
√
(a) z = 3 − x2 − y 2
(b) x2 + y 2 = 2z

22. Expand the following functions in the powers of (x + 1) and (y − 2) using Taylor’s formula
f (x, y) = x2 y + 3y − 2
23. Find Taylor’s series expansion of tan−1 (y/x) about (1, 1) up to the second degree terms and use it to estimate
the value of tan−1 (0.9/1.1)

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