Date:

Assignment no: 01
Assignment name: DDA Line Drawing

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
float xs,ys,xe,ye,dx,dy,span,x,y,i;
clrscr();
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
printf("\nEnter the value of (xs,ys):");
scanf("%f%f",&xs,&ys);
printf("\nEnter the value of (xe,ye):");
scanf("%f%f",&xe,&ye);
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
setbkcolor(WHITE);
setcolor(GREEN);
line(0,y,2*x,y);
line(x,0,x,2*y);
if(fabs(xe-xs)>fabs(ye-ys))
span=fabs(xe-xs);
else
span=fabs(ye-ys);
dx=(xe-xs)/span;
dy=(ye-ys)/span;
for(i=0;i<=span;i++)
{
putpixel(x+xs,y-ys,4);
xs+=dx;
ys+=dy;
}
getch();

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Output:
Enter the value of (xs,ys): 10 10
Enter the value of (xe,ye): 40 40

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Assignment no: 02
Assignment name: Bresenham Line Drawing

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int xs,ys,xe,ye,s1,s2,i,x,y,dx,dy,swap,temp,p;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter the value of (xs,ys):");
scanf("%d%d",&xs,&ys);
printf("\nEnter the value of (xe,ye):");
scanf("%d%d",&xe,&ye);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
setbkcolor(WHITE);
setcolor(GREEN);
line(0,y,2*x,y);
line(x,0,x,2*y);
dx=abs(xe-xs);
dy=abs(ye-ys);
if((xe-xs)>=0)
s1=1;
else
s1=-1;
if((ye-ys)>=0)
s2=1;

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else
s2=-1;
if(dy>dx)
{
temp=dx;
dx=dy;
dy=temp;
swap=1;
}
else
swap=0;
p=2*dy-dx;
//putpixel(x+xs,y-ys,3);
for(i=0;i<=dx;i++)
{
if(p>=0)
{
xs+=s1;
ys+=s2;
p+=2*(dy-dx);
}
else
{
if(swap==1)
ys+=s2;
else
xs+=s1;
p+=2*dy;
}
putpixel(x+xs,y-ys,3);
}
getch();
}

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Output:
Enter the value of (xs,ys): 10 10
Enter the value of (xe,ye): 40 40

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Assignment no: 03
Assignment name: Bresenham Circle Drawing

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int xc,yc,r,x,y,d,del,big;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter the center of the circle (xc,yc):");
scanf("%d%d",&xc,&yc);
printf("\nEnter the radius of the circle:");
scanf("%d",&r);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
setbkcolor(WHITE);
setcolor(GREEN);
line(0,y,2*x,y);
line(x,0,x,2*y);
big=0;
xc+=x;
yc=y-yc;
d=2*(1-r);
while(r>big)
{
\putpixel((xc+big),(yc+r),5);
putpixel((xc+big),(yc-r),5);
putpixel((xc-big),(yc+r),5);
putpixel((xc-big),(yc-r),5);

putpixel((xc+r),(yc+big),5);

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putpixel((xc+r),(yc-big),5);
putpixel((xc-r),(yc+big),5);
putpixel((xc-r),(yc-big),5);
if(d<0)
{
del=(2*d)+(2*r)-1;
if(del<=0)
{
big+=1;
d+=(2*big)+1;
}
else
{
big+=1;
r-=1;
d+=(2*big)-(2*r)+2;
}
}
else if(d>0)
{;’
del=(2*big)-(2*d)+1;
if(del<0)
{
r-=1;
d-=(2*r)+1;
}
else
{
big+=1;
r-=1;
d+=(2*big)-(2*r)+2;
}
}
else
{
big+=1;
r-=1;

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d+=(2*big)-(2*r)+2;
}
}
getch();
}
Output:
Enter the center of the circle (xc,yc):0 0
Enter the radius of the circle:100

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Assignment no: 04
Assignment name: Midpoint Circle Drawing

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int xc,yc,x,y,d,r,del,big;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter the center of the circle (xc,yc):");
scanf("%d%d",&xc,&yc);
printf("\nEnter the radius of the circle:");
scanf("%d",&r);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
setbkcolor(WHITE);
setcolor(GREEN);
line(0,y,2*x,y);
line(x,0,x,2*y);
big=0;
xc+=x;
yc=y-yc;
d=(1-r);
putpixel((xc+big),(yc+r),5);
putpixel((xc+big),(yc-r),5);
putpixel((xc-big),(yc+r),5);
putpixel((xc-big),(yc-r),5);
putpixel((xc+r),(yc+big),5);
putpixel((xc+r),(yc-big),5);
putpixel((xc-r),(yc+big),5);
putpixel((xc-r),(yc-big),5);
while(r>=big)

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{
big+=1;
if(d<0)
d+=(2*big)+1;
else
{
r-=1;
d+=2*(big-r)+1;
}
putpixel((xc+big),(yc+r),5);
putpixel((xc+big),(yc-r),5);
putpixel((xc-big),(yc+r),5);
putpixel((xc-big),(yc-r),5);
putpixel((xc+r),(yc+big),5);
putpixel((xc+r),(yc-big),5);
putpixel((xc-r),(yc+big),5);
putpixel((xc-r),(yc-big),5);
}
getch();
}

Output:
Enter the center of the circle (xc,yc):40 40
Enter the radius of the circle:100

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Assignment no: 05
Assignment name: Reflection of a triangle about X-axis

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x,y;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter the 1st co-ordinate of the triangle:");
scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1);
printf("\nEnter the 2nd co-ordinate of the triangle:");
scanf("%d%d",&x2,&y2);
printf("\nEnter the 3rd co-ordinate of the triangle:");
scanf("%d%d",&x3,&y3);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
setbkcolor(WHITE);
setcolor(GREEN);
line(0,y,2*x,y);
line(x,0,x,2*y);
setcolor(RED);
line(x+x1,y-y1,x+x2,y-y2);
line(x+x2,y-y2,x+x3,y-y3);
line(x+x3,y-y3,x+x1,y-y1);
y1*=-1;
y2*=-1;
y3*=-1;
setcolor(BLUE);
line(x+x1,y-y1,x+x2,y-y2);
line(x+x2,y-y2,x+x3,y-y3);
line(x+x3,y-y3,x+x1,y-y1);
getch();
closegraph();

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Output:
Enter the first co-ordinate of the triangle: 100 100
Enter the second co-ordinate of the triangle: 50 150
Enter the third co-ordinate of the triangle: 150 150

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Assignment no: 06
Assignment name: Reflection of a triangle about Y-axis

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x,y;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter the 1st co-ordinate of the triangle:");
scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1);
printf("\nEnter the 2nd co-ordinate of the triangle:");
scanf("%d%d",&x2,&y2);
printf("\nEnter the 3rd co-ordinate of the triangle:");
scanf("%d%d",&x3,&y3);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
setbkcolor(WHITE);
setcolor(GREEN);
line(0,y,2*x,y);
line(x,0,x,2*y);
setcolor(RED);
line(x+x1,y-y1,x+x2,y-y2);
line(x+x2,y-y2,x+x3,y-y3);
line(x+x3,y-y3,x+x1,y-y1);
x1*=-1;
x2*=-1;
x3*=-1;
setcolor(BLUE);
line(x+x1,y-y1,x+x2,y-y2);
line(x+x2,y-y2,x+x3,y-y3);
line(x+x3,y-y3,x+x1,y-y1);
getch();
closegraph();

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Output:
Enter the first co-ordinate of the triangle: 100 100
Enter the second co-ordinate of the triangle: 50 150
Enter the third co-ordinate of the triangle: 150 150

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Assignment no: 07
Assignment name: Reflection of a triangle about Y=X axis

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x,y;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter the 1st co-ordinate of the triangle:");
scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1);
printf("\nEnter the 2nd co-ordinate of the triangle:");
scanf("%d%d",&x2,&y2);
printf("\nEnter the 3rd co-ordinate of the triangle:");
scanf("%d%d",&x3,&y3);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
setbkcolor(WHITE);
setcolor(GREEN);
line(0,y,2*x,y);
line(x,0,x,2*y);
line(x,y,2*x,0);
setcolor(RED);
line(x+x1,y-y1,x+x2,y-y2);
line(x+x2,y-y2,x+x3,y-y3);
line(x+x3,y-y3,x+x1,y-y1);
setcolor(BLUE);
line(x+y1,y-x1,x+y2,y-x2);
line(x+y2,y-x2,x+y3,y-x3);
line(x+y3,y-x3,x+y1,y-x1);
getch();
closegraph();
}

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Output:
Enter the first co-ordinate of the triangle: 9 18
Enter the second co-ordinate of the triangle: 4 12
Enter the third co-ordinate of the triangle: 9 12

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Assignment no: 08
Assignment name: Scaling of a rectangle

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int xl,yl,xh,yh,sx,sy,x,y;
printf("\nEnter lower left corner of the rectangle:");
scanf("%d%d",&xl,&yl);
printf("\nEnter upper right corner of the rectangle:");
scanf("%d%d",&xh,&yh);
printf("\nEnter the scaling factor(sx,sy):");
scanf("%d%d",&sx,&sy);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
setbkcolor(WHITE);
setcolor(GREEN);
line(0,y,2*x,y);
line(x,0,x,2*y);
setcolor(RED);
line(x+xl,y-yl,x+xh,y-yl);
line(x+xh,y-yl,x+xh,y-yh);
line(x+xh,y-yh,x+xl,y-yh);
line(x+xl,y-yh,x+xl,y-yl);

xh*=sx;
yh*=sy;

setcolor(BLUE);

line(x+xl,y-yl,x+xh,y-yl);
line(x+xh,y-yl,x+xh,y-yh);

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line(x+xh,y-yh,x+xl,y-yh);
line(x+xl,y-yh,x+xl,y-yl);

getch();
closegraph();
}

Output:
Enter the lower left corner of the rectangle:10 10
Enter the upper left corner of the rectangle:20 20
Enter the scaling factor(sx,sy):2 2

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18
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Assignment no: 09
Assignment name: Translation of a line

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int xs,ys,xe,ye,tx,ty,x,y;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter the initial line position(xs,ys):");
scanf("%d%d",&xs,&ys);
printf("\nEnter the final line position(xe,ye):");
scanf("%d%d",&xe,&ye);
printf("\nEnter the translation vector(tx,ty):");
scanf("%d%d",&tx,&ty);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
setbkcolor(WHITE);
setcolor(GREEN);
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
line(0,y,2*x,y);
line(x,0,x,2*y);
setcolor(RED);
line(x+xs,y-ys,x+xe,y-ye);
xs+=tx;
xe+=tx;
ys+=ty;
ye+=ty;
setcolor(5);
line(x+xs,y-ys,x+xe,y-ye);
getch();
closegraph();
}

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Output:
Enter the initial line position(xs,ys):10 10
Enter the final line position(xe,ye):20 20
Enter the translation vector(tx,ty):20 20

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20
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Assignment no: 10
Assignment name: Rotation of a line about origin

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
int x1,y1,xf,yf,radian,x,y;
clrscr();
printf("ENTER THE FINAL CO-ORDINATES:");
scanf("%d%d",&x1,&y1);
printf("ENTER THE ANGLE FOR ROTATION:");
scanf("%d",&radian);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
setbkcolor(BLUE);
setcolor(RED);
line(0,y,2*x,y);
line(x,0,x,2*y);
setcolor(WHITE);
line(x,y,x+x1,y-y1);
xf=(x1*cos(radian))-(y1*sin(radian));
yf=(x1*sin(radian))+(y1*cos(radian));
line(x,y,x+xf,y-yf);
getch();
closegraph();
}

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Output:
ENTER THE FINAL CO-ORDINATES: 10 10
ENTER THE ANGLE FOR ROTATION: 50

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Assignment no: 11
Assignment name: Rotation about arbitrary point of a line

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int xs,ys,xe,ye,xn,yn,x,y,a;
int gd=DETECT,gm;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter the initial line position(xs,ys):");
scanf("%d%d",&xs,&ys);
printf("\nEnter the final line position(xe,ye):");
scanf("%d%d",&xe,&ye);
printf("\nEnter the rotation angle:");
scanf("%d",&a);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
setbkcolor(WHITE);
setcolor(GREEN);
line(0,y,2*x,y);
line(x,0,x,2*y);
setcolor(RED);
line(x+xs,y-ys,x+xe,y-ye);
xn=(xe*cos(a))-(ye*sin(a));
yn=(xe*sin(a))+(ye*cos(a));
setcolor(5);
line(x+xs,y-ys,x+xn,y-yn);
getch();
closegraph();
}

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Output:
Enter the initial line position(xs,ys):10 10
Enter the final line position(xe,ye):50 50
Enter the rotation angle:50

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Assignment no: 12
Assignment name: Boundary fill
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void bound(int,int,int,int);
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y,fill,boun;
initgraph(&gd,&gm," ");
printf("Enter the boundary color and fill color:");
scanf("%d%d",&boun,&fill);
setbkcolor(WHITE);
setcolor(boun);
x=getmaxx()/2;
y=getmaxy()/2;
rectangle(100,300,150,270);
bound(130,280,fill,boun);
getch();
//closegraph();
}
void bound(int x,int y,int fill,int boun)
{
if((getpixel(x,y)!=fill) && (getpixel(x,y)!=boun))
{
putpixel(x,y,fill);
bound(x+1,y,fill,boun);
bound(x-1,y,fill,boun);
bound(x,y+1,fill,boun);
bound(x,y-1,fill,boun);
bound(x+1,y+1,fill,boun);
bound(x+1,y-1,fill,boun);
bound(x-1,y+1,fill,boun);
bound(x-1,y-1,fill,boun);
}
}

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Output:
Enter the boundary color and fill color:2 4

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Assignment no: 13
Assignment name: Ellipse Drawing

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<graphics.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
float a,b,xc,yc,x,y,fx,fy,p,xm,ym;
printf("\nEnter the semi major axis(a,b):");
scanf("%f%f",&a,&b);
printf("\nEnter the center(xc,yc):");
scanf("%f%f",&xc,&yc);
initgraph(&gd,&gm,"");
xm=getmaxx()/2;
ym=getmaxy()/2;
setbkcolor(WHITE);
setcolor(GREEN);
line(0,ym,2*xm,ym);
line(xm,0,xm,2*ym);
x=0,y=b;
fx=0,fy=2*a*a*b;
p=(b*b)-(a*a*b)+(a*a)/4.0;
xc+=xm;
yc=ym-yc;
putpixel((xc+x),(yc+y),1);
putpixel((xc-x),(yc+y),1);
putpixel((xc+x),(yc-y),1);
putpixel((xc-x),(yc-y),1);
while(fx<fy)
{
x+=1;
fx=fx+2*b*b;
if(p>=0)
{

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y-=1;
fy=fy-2*a*a;
}

if(p<0)
p=p+b*b+fx;
else
p=p+b*b+fx-fy;
putpixel((xc+x),(yc+y),1);
putpixel((xc-x),(yc+y),1);
putpixel((xc+x),(yc-y),1);
putpixel((xc-x),(yc-y),1);
}
p=(b*b)*pow((x+0.5),2)+(a*a)*pow((y-1),2)-(a*a)*(b*b);
while(y>0)
{
y-=1;
fy=fy-2*a*a;
if(p<0)
{
x+=1;
fx=fx+2*b*b;
}
if(p>=0)
p=p+a*a-fy;
else
p=p+a*a-fy+fx;
putpixel((xc+x),(yc+y),1);
putpixel((xc-x),(yc+y),1);
putpixel((xc+x),(yc-y),1);
putpixel((xc-x),(yc-y),1);
}
getch();
closegraph();
}

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Output:
Enter the semi major axis(a,b):50 20
Enter the center(xc,yc):0 0

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