Passive Voice / Causative Form

f\
jl2211 Listen and repeat. Then act out.
,.....,.'ITT""'~....,; Oh, goodl Can I borrow your car
I'm having my leg operated on then? You won't be needing it.
tomorrow. I'm afraid I might have it
put in a plaster cast for a few weeks.

Causative Form
• We use have + object + past participle to say that we have arranged for someone to do
something for us. David arranged for the builder to build a shed. David had a shed built. (He didn't
do it himself - the builder did it.)

Present Simple She paints her portrait. She has her portrait painted.
Present Continuous She is painting her portrait. She is having her portrait painted.
Past Simple She painted her portrait. She had her portrait painted.
Past Continuous She was painting her portrait. She was having her portrait painted.
Future Simple She will paint her portrait. She will have her portrait painted .
Future Continuous She will be painting her portrait. She will be having her portrait painted.
Present Perfect She has painted her portrait. She has had her portrait painted.
Present Perf. Cont. She has been painting her portrait. She has been having her portrait painted.
Past Perfect She had painted her portrait. She had had her portrait painted.
Past Perfect Cont. She had been painting her portrait. She had been having her portrait painted.
Infinitive She can paint her portrait. She can have her portrait painted.
-ing form She likes painting her portrait. She likes having her portrait painted.

• The verb to have, used in the causative, forms its negations and questions with do/does
(Present Simple) and did (Past Simple). She doesn't have her hair dyed. Did you have your
curtains put up?
• We can use the causative instead of the passive to express accidents or misfortunes. She
had her car stolen. (= Her car was stolen.) He had his leg broken. (= His leg was broken.)
• Get can be used instead of have in the causative. I had/got my tooth taken out yesterday. Get
is stronger in meaning than have and can be used to suggest difficulty. Get the door repaired,
will you? He finally got the seats booked.
• Make / have + object + bare infinitive are used to express that someone causes someone
else to do something, but their meaning is slightly different. He made Ann type the letter. (He
insisted that Ann should type the letter.) He had Ann type the letter. (He asked Ann to type the letter.)
• Get + object + to-infinitive is used to show that someone persuades someone else to do
something. He got his mum to bake him a cake. (He persuaded his mum to bake him a cake.)

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 Passive Voice / Causative Form G
25 Tick (.I) the correct sentence for each picture, as in the example.

A Sarah is painting
A Mary is fixing her
her house. [2]
B Sarah is having her
car. D
B Mary is having her
house painted. D car fixed . D

A They are washing A The elderly man is

the dishes. D examining his heart. D
B They are having B The elderly man is having
the dishes
washed . D his heart examined. D

A Lisa is taking a photo. A Ann is cutting the

D grass. D
B Lisa is having her B Ann is having the
photo taken . D grass cut. D

26 Read the situations, then write sentences using the causative form.

Our house is small. We need to build an extension. What should we do?

. Jp.Ll .s.hO/.1Jd. [JPlv.tt j:Jr,J . f;>5t~ns.i,o,/1 .b.ljUt, . ....•.......••••...............•...
2 Liz is at the beauty parlour. The beautician is painting her nails. What is she doing?

3 Robert has written a novel and it will be published . What will Robert do?

4 A jeweller has made a special ring for Ann. What has Ann done?

5 Simon's suits are all made by a tailor. What does Simon do?

6 Sonia is going to the optician for an eye test tomorrow. What's she going to do?

7 The grass has grown too high. What should they have done?

8 His tooth was taken out yesterday. What happened to him?

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o Passive Voice / Causative Form

27 Look at the prompts and answer the questions using the causative.

Hairdresset's
c

What did Lisa do? What is Alan doing? What is Rachael going to do?
she / face / paint he / a suit / make she / her hair / cut
s.ne: . h~d hc:r. ff'l({e: .p~jt;1t~d.. ..

F
I
I I
I
I
I

What has Frank done? What will Jane do? What should Paul do?
his / tap / fix she / her car / repair he / his trousers / shorten

28 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets in the appropriate form.

Eating too much chocolate makes me ...... fe~J .. . .. (feel) sick.

2 Mr Smith had his English lessons ....... " ...... (pay) for by his company.
3 The Smiths had their takeaway ..•....... " .... (deliver) .
4 My mother had a dressmaker . . ........ (shorten) her skirt.
5 I had an old dress . . . ... (alter) .
6 Joanne had the maid . . . . . . . . . (make) her bed.

29 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets in the appropriate form.

A: Hi , Lisa. What are you doing in town today?

B: I 1) ... M1 [Jtiv.ing my, Cf'lr .St(r.Vi,kl~d ........................ (my car/service) at the moment.
It will be ready in an hour, so I 2) . . . . • . . . . . • . . . . . . • . . . .. .... . . . (some photographs/
develop) while I wait. What about you?
A: Well , right now, we 3) .... ..... . .................... (our roof/fix) so I decided to spend
the morning in the city centre. An hour ago, I 4) ...... ..... ....... . ...•............ (my nails/
paint) at the beautician 's , and later this afternoon, I 5) ......••.............•...........
(my hair/cut) .
B: Lucky you! Well , I'd better go to the garage. See you later!

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 Passive Voice / Causative Form 0
30 Rephrase the following using have, make or get, as in the example.

1 He insisted that John should finish the report );le. madr;.John .fjr.Iieb . tbe. rep.ar.t .................. .
2 She persuaded her husband to cut the grass. . ...............•.....................................
3 He asked the maid to make his bed. ................ . ............................................ .
4 He insisted that the gardener should water the flowers . . .........•....•..•..•.........•.•......••..
5 The teacher asked them to rewrite the exercise. ..... .. . ..........................•............
6 The boss insisted that the secretary should type the letters. . ...................................... .
7 Their new carpets were fitted yesterday. . ........................................................ .
8 She persuaded John to help her tidy the room . ................................................... .

Speaking Activity
(talking about arranging for things to be done by others)
Mr Andrews has recently built a new house and is still working on it. Look
at the prompts below and make sentences using the causative. You can
also add your own ideas.

Things already done

• tile/roof • put in/windows
Things to be done
• plant lawn • put up/fence
Things being done
• new kitchen counters/install • fi x/patio
Things that will have been done by the end of the
month
• build/swimming pool • paint/house

Mr Andrews has had the roof tiled and ....

Mr Andrews is writing an email to his brother telling him about his new
home. Imagine that you are Mr Andrews. Look at the speaking activity again
and use the prompts to write the email about his new house.

Dear John,
Now that the house has been built, I thought I'd write and tell you about it. I'm quite
happy with the result. It looks very nice. I've already had the roof tiled and
• • • • 1 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • '1'" •• , • • • • • • • • • • • •

Andrew

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