wb‡R‡K ev wb‡Ri cwievi‡K iÿv Ki‡Z cywj‡ki A‡cÿvq e‡m

_vK‡eb bv AvZ¥iÿv ev †mî

wW‡d‡Ýi R‡b¨ KvD‡K AvNvZ Kiv ev Pig iv¯Ív (nZ¨v Kiv)
Aej¤^b Kiv hv‡e? cÖPwjZ ABY Kx
ej‡Q? GiKg †Kv‡bv AwaKvi Kx Av`I i‡q‡Q?
wj‡L‡Qb t cÖ‡mbwRr Kzgvi `vm, hZxb`vm bMi, ‡KvjKvZv - 56|
†mî wW‡dÝ gv‡b Kx? ivBU Uz †mî wW‡dÝ gv‡bB ev
Kx?
†mî wW‡dÝ gv‡b nj wb‡R‡K iÿv Kiv ev AvZ¥iÿv| Avi ivBU Uz
†mî wW‡dÝ gv‡b nj wb‡R‡K
iÿv Kivi AwaKvi ev AvZ¥iÿvi AwaKvi| wKš‘ ïay wb‡R‡K iÿv
KivUvB †Zv h‡_ô bq| Avcbvi
cwiev‡i Ggb A‡bK m`m¨ _vK‡Z cv‡ib hviv wb‡R‡`i‡K iÿv Ki‡Z
cv‡ib bv (wkïiv, eq¯‹iv)
Zv‡`i‡K Avcbv‡KB iÿv Ki‡Z n‡e, ZvB fvi‡Zi cÖPwjZ AvB‡Y
K_vwU e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q ‡mî
wW‡dÝ wn‡m‡e bq eis cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ wn‡m‡e|
AvšÍRv©wZK gvbevwaKvi †NvlbvcΆZ Ges fviZxq msweav‡bi
AvwU©‡Kj 21 ivBU Uz jvB‡di
(Rxe‡bi AwaKvi, †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi) K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| †hLv‡b
GB ai‡bi AvBY cÖYqY Kiv
†h‡ZB cv‡i, cÖ‡qvRbxq wKQz wewa wb‡la Av‡iv‡ci gva¨‡g| Ggb
A‡bK cwiw¯’wZ ˆZix n‡q hvq hLb
wb‡R‡K ev wb‡Ri cwiev‡ii cÖvY/RxeY †Kv‡bv AvZZvwqi nvZ
†_‡K iÿv Ki‡Z Avcbvi Kv‡Q
‡Kej `ywU P‡qm/ iv¯Ív _v‡K -
(1) cywj‡ki A‡cÿvq e‡m _vK‡eb bZzev (2) AvZ¥iÿv ev †mî
wW‡d‡Ýi (cÖvB‡fU
wW‡dÝ) R‡b¨ KvD‡K AvNvZ Kiv Zv‡ZI bv n‡j Pig iv¯Ív Zv‡K
nZ¨v Kiv|
cywj‡ki Avmvi Av‡MB hw` Avcbvi RxeY †kl n‡q hvq Avi Avcbvi
cwiev‡ii RxeY wecboe n‡q c‡o
ZLb Avcwb Kx Ki‡eb? Aek¨B AvZZvwq‡K AvNvZ ev evuPvi
ZvwM‡` a¯Ívaw¯Í Ki‡eb cÖv_wgKfv‡e
hv‡K ÷ªv‡Mj e‡j, wKš‘ Zv‡Z KvR bv n‡j AvZZvwq‡K nZ¨v
Ki‡ZB n‡e|
kÎæ †mbviv †`‡k Avμgb Ki‡j ‡`‡ki †mbviv Kx K‡i? Avgv‡`i I
Avgv‡`I †`k‡K iÿv Ki‡Z
kÎi wbabB †mbv‡K Ki‡Z n‡eB, wKš‘ †mbv Kg co‡j †`‡ki
bvMwiK‡`iB Zv Ki‡Z n‡e|
†miKgfv‡e Avcbvi I Avcbvi Rxe‡Yi kÎæ hviv Zv‡`i nvZ †_‡K
Avcbv‡K I Avcbvi cwievi‡K
iÿv Ki‡Z ivóª Avcbv‡K evuPv‡bvi R‡b¨ cywjk wb‡qvM K‡i‡Qb,
wKš‘ Zviv ‡mB KvR Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡j
Avcbv‡KB Zv Ki‡Z n‡e| miKvi †hgb †mbv‡K ev cywjk‡K
wb‡R‡K I †`k‡K-`k‡K iÿv Kivi
R‡b¨ e›`yK I Aboevb¨ A¯¿ w`‡q‡Qb †Zgwb A¯¿ bvMwi‡Kiv&I
ivL‡Z cv‡ib miKv‡ii bxqg †g‡b I
fvi‡Zi A¯¿ AvBY 1959 (Avg©m A¨v± 1959)Abyhvqx|
Avcbv‡K GKwU wRwbm g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h Avcwb †h Pig
cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †h Pig c`‡ÿcwU wb‡jb Zv
cÖ‡qvR‡b cÖgvY Ki‡Z cv‡ib| KviY Ab¨ cÿ †Zv †eu‡P †bB, Avi
_vK‡j&I †m †Zv Avi ¯^xKvi Ki‡e
bv †h †m Avcbv‡K gvi‡Z Avμgb K‡iwQj BZ¨vw`|
http://www.indianactsinbengali.wordpress.com Right to Private Defense 2 by P. K. Das.
cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ gv‡b Kx?
fviZxq `Û mswnZv 1860 ev AvB. wc. wm. 1860 Gi aviv 96 †_‡K
106 Aewa cwi¯‹vi K‡i ejv
n‡q‡Q cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ hvi A_© nj e¨vw³MZ iÿv| Z‡e wb‡R‡K
iÿv Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avcwb Ab¨
KvD‡K&I iÿv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| mevB‡K iÿv Kivi GB ØvwqZ¡wU
hw`&I cywj‡ki Zey&I Avcwb GB
AvB‡bB Avcwb Kx Kx Ki‡Z cv‡ib Zv Rvbyb wb‡Pi Ask c‡o|
cÖPwjZ AvB. wc. wm. (fviZxq `Û mswnZv 1860) ABY
ej‡Q
fviZxq `Û mswnZv ev AvB. wc. wm. aviv 96 †_‡K 106 ch©šÍ
cwi¯‹vifv‡e ejv Av‡Q ivBU Uz
cÖvB‡fU wW‡d‡Ýi e¨vcv‡i| GB aviv¸wj †hgb GKRb mvaviY
gvby‡li †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvR¨ †Zgwb
cywj‡ki Ges mg¯Í cvewjK A_wiwUi Ic‡iI cÖ‡qvR¨| cÖ‡qvR¨ †h
†Kv‡bv wmK¨ywiwU ms¯’vi †ÿ‡ÎI|
aviv 96 ej‡Q †hme e¨vw³MZ wbivcËvi R‡b¨ hv Kiv nq - e¨vw³MZ
wbivcËvi AwaKvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi
¯^v‡_© Kiv †Kv‡bv wKQzB GB AvB‡b Awf‡hvM/ Aciva bq|
aviv 97 ej‡Q cÖ‡Z¨K e¨vw³i wb‡Ri cÖ‡g Zvi wb‡Ri k¦ixi Zvic‡i
Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gvby‡li k¦ixi Ges
wØZx‡q Zvi wb‡Ri ev A‡b¨i ¯’vei ev A¯’vei m¤úwË evuPv‡bvi
AwaKvi Av‡Q GBme NUbvq Pzwi,
WvKvwZ, evwo‡Z Acivag~jK AbycÖ‡ek hvi D‡Ïk¨ Pzwi ev
WvKvwZ co‡Q| Z‡e GB AvB‡bi aviv 99
†Z ejv wKQz †imwUªKkvb m‡gZ Zv Kivi AwaKvi Av‡Q|
A¯^vfvweK gw¯Í‡®‹i †Kv‡bv gvby‡li nvZ †_‡K evuP‡Z&I GB
AwaKvi cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡e| †hgb aiæb
ÕKÕ cvMj Ae¯’vq ÔcÕ †K Lyb Ki‡Z †M‡jv, GLv‡b ÔKÕ Gi
†Kv‡bv †`vl †bB KviY †m ¯^vfvweK
bq, wKš‘ ÔcÕ Gi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q wb‡R‡K e¨vw³MZ iÿv Kivi| ey‡S
wbb|
aviv 99 ej‡Q †h †hme †ÿ‡Î cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ Kivi AwaKvi
_vK‡Q bv - hw` Ggb †Kv‡bv Avμgb
ev KvR †hLv‡b g„Z¨yi ev Mfxi ÿwZi †Kv‡bv Dchy³ Avk¼v
_vK‡Q bv †mLv‡b cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ Kivi
†Kv‡bv AwaKvi _vK‡Q bv,
†hLv‡b †Kv‡bv cvewjK mv‡f©›U (cywjk ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv)
Dchy³fv‡eB fv‡jv D‡Ï‡k¨ Zvi ÿgZv
cÖ‡qv‡Mi R‡b¨ wZwb hw` KvD‡K AvBYZ AvNvZ K‡ib ev
Ki‡eb †mLv‡b ‡mB e¨w³i (hv‡K AvNvZ
Kiv n‡”Q) cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ Kivi AwaKvi _vK‡Q bv|
†hLv‡b †Kv‡bv cvewjK mv‡f©†›Ui Av‡`‡k (eo cywjk Awdmv‡ii
K_v ï‡b Zvi wb‡Pi †Kv‡bv cywjg
Awdmvi ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv miKvwi Kg©Pvwi) Dchy³fv‡eB fv‡jv
D‡Ï‡k¨ Zvi ÿgZv cÖ‡qv‡Mi R‡b¨
wZwb hw` KvD‡K AvBYZ AvNvZ K‡ib ev Ki‡eb †mLv‡b ‡mB
e¨w³i (hv‡K AvNvZ Kiv n‡”Q)
cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ Kivi AwaKvi _vK‡Q bv|
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GLv‡b ejv `iKvi †h †hLv‡b cvewjK A_wiwUi mv‡_, cywjk-
cÖkvk‡bi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i
wbivcËv cvevi mgq _vK‡Q †mLv‡b cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ Kivi
AwaKvi _vK‡Q bv| KviY AvBY Abyhvqx
ivóª Avcbvi wbivcËv mywbwðZ Ki‡e| Avcwb hLb cywj‡ki Kv‡Q
†KD Ly‡bi ev †ic K‡I †`evi
ûgwKi Awf‡hvM wb‡q hv‡eb ZLb cwi¯‹vifv‡e D‡jøL K‡I †`‡eb
cÖ‡qvRbxq cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Avcwb GB
cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ e¨envi Kivi AwaKvix hw` ivóª Avcbv‡K ev
Avcbvi cwievi‡K wbivcËv bv †`q|
G‡ÿ‡Î gwnjv‡`I †ewk ¸iæZ¡ †`Iqv nq|
aviv 100 ej‡Q †h KLb k¦ix‡ii cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ Kivi AwaKvi
ewa©Z n‡q nZ¨v Kiv Aewa hv‡e -
k¦ix‡ii cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ Kivi AwaKvi ewa©Z n‡e aviv 99 †Z ejv
†imwUªKgvb †g‡bB hv‡Z nZ¨v
Kiv hvq ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv ÿwZ Kiv hvq AvZZvqxi| hw` GKwUI
wbgoewjwLZ cwiw¯’wZi eb©bvq Av‡m -
cÖgZ, GiKg †Kv‡bv Avμgb hvi †kl cwiw¯’wZ GKgvÎ g„Z¨yB|
wØZxqZ, GiKg †Kv‡bv Avμgb hvi †kl cwiw¯’wZ GKgvÎ Mfxi
AvNvZ|
Z…ZxqZ, †ic Kivi R‡b¨ Kiv †Kv‡bv Avμgb|
PZz©Z, Abvwej DrdzjøZvi R‡b¨ Kiv †Kv‡bv Avμgb|
cÂgZ, wKWb¨vc ev a‡i wb‡q hvevi R‡b¨ Kiv †Kv‡bv Avμgb|
lôZ, Ab¨vqfv‡e †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K AvU‡K K‡I ivLvi R‡b¨ Kiv
†Kv‡bv Avμgb Ges †hLv‡b †Kv‡bv
cvewjK A_wiwUi mvnvh¨ wZwb wb‡Z cvi‡eb bv|
aviv 101 ej‡Q †h KLb k¦ix‡ii cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ Kivi AwaKvi
ewa©Z n‡q hv‡e nZ¨v Qvov Ab¨
†Kv‡bv wKQz Kiv‡Z - k¦ix‡ii cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ Kivi AwaKvi
ewa©Z n‡e aviv 99 †Z ejv †imwUªKgvb
†g‡bB hv‡Z nZ¨v Kiv Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bvfv‡e AvNvZ Kiv hv‡e|
A_©vr nZ¨v Kiv ev‡` AvZZvwq‡K
ANvZ Kiv BZ¨vw`|
aviv 102 ej‡Q †h k¦ix‡ii cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ KLb †Kvb Ae¯’v‡Z
cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡e - k¦ix‡ii cÖvB‡fU
wW‡dÝ Kivi AwaKvi ïiæ n‡e ZLb †_‡K hLb k¦ix‡ii wec` n‡Z
P‡j‡Q e‡j wek¦vm Kiv n‡e ev
hLb †KD Zv Ki‡e ev Kievi ûgwK †`‡e, hw`I ZLb Zv K‡iwb, Ges
GB AwaKvi _vK‡e ZZÿY
hZÿY ch©šÍ †mB k¦ix‡ii Ic‡i wec†`I Avk¼v _vK‡e|
aviv 106 ej‡Q †h cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ AwaKvi cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡e
hLb nZ¨vi Avμgb n‡e Ges hLb
mvaviY gvby‡li ÿwZ nevi wi¯‹/Avk¼v _vK‡Q| Avμgb cÖwZnZ
Ki‡Z cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ AwaKvi
cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z wM‡q hw` cÖwZnZKvix †`‡Lb †h mvaviY
†Kv‡bv gvby‡li wi¯‹ Qvov wZwb GB AwaKvi
cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv, Zv‡ZI Zvi AwaKvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi AwaKvi
_vK‡QB| ¸wj Pvjv‡Z wM‡q hw`
†`Lv hvq †mLv‡b Ab¨ gvby‡liv&I Av‡Qb ZLb †mB wi¯‹/Avk¼v
†h Ab¨ gvby‡li Zv jvM‡Z cv‡I GUv
n‡j&I †m ¸wj Pvjv‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e GLv‡b wm×všÍ wb‡Z n‡e whwb
cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ Ki‡Qb Zv‡KB|
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A_©vr AvB‡b ej‡Q hw` †KD Avcbv‡K ûgwK †`q Zvn‡j Av‡M
cywjk &I Aboevb¨ cvewjK A_wiwUi
Kv‡Q wM‡q Zv‡`I KvQ †_‡K mnvqZv Pvb& Zviv bv w`‡j †mB
mgq hw` Ggb †Kv‡bv cwiw¯’wZ Av‡m
†hLv‡b nZ¨v Kiv Qvov wb‡R‡K ev wb‡Ri cwievi‡K evuPv‡bvi
Avi †Kv‡bv iv¯Ív †Lvjv †bB †m‡ÿ‡Î
Avcbvi AwaKvi cÖ‡qvM Kiæb| Avi GB NUbvwUi e¨cv‡i
ZvovZvwo wbKUeZ©x _vbvq Rvbvb|
Avevi hw` †`‡Lb Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gvbyl whwb Ggb wec‡` c‡o‡Qb †h
wZwb ZLb Zvi cÖvB‡fU wW‡dÝ
Kivi ÿgZ e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv ZLb Avcwb Avcbvi ÿgZ e¨envi
K‡I Zv‡K evuPv‡ZB
cv‡ib| Avcbvi mvg‡b †Kv‡bv gwnjvi mb¥vnvwb †KD Ki‡Z PvB‡j
Avcwb Gic‡I Kx Ki‡eb Zv
†f‡e `‡Lyb|
mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i GKwU ¸iZ¡c~Y© RvR‡g›U ev wePvi
ivBU Uz †mî wW‡d݇K ewa©Z K†i KvD‡K nZ¨v Kivi c`‡ÿc
†bIqv hv‡e †KejgvÎ Mfxi wec‡`
co‡jB| mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i GKwU ivq w`‡Z wM‡q gnvgvb¨
wePvicwZ †K. Gm. ivavK…òvb Ges wePvicwZ
w`cK wgkª e‡j‡Qb †h e¨w³MZ wbivcËvi Q‡j (evuP‡Z ev evuPv‡Z
wM‡q) GB AwaKvi cÖ‡qvM Kiv
hv‡e bv Lvivcfv‡e, hw` bv cÖ‡qvMKZ©vi GUv wek¦v‡mi h‡_ô
KviY Av‡Q †h Zvi wec` i‡q‡Q|
ivq †`Lyb - `k©b wms ebvg cvÄve, wμwgbvj Av¨wcj bs 1057/
2002.
e¨vw³MZ wbivcËvi R‡b¨ Avcwb Avg©m ev e›`yK ivL‡Z
cv‡ib Kx?
Avcwb Avg©m A¨v± 1959 Abyhvqx Avg©m ivLvi jvB‡mÝ Gi
R‡b¨ Av‡e`b Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avcbvi
Av‡e`b M„nxZ n‡j Avcwb ivB‡dj d¨v±wi †_‡K e›`yK wKb‡Z
cvi‡eb, ¸wj wKb‡Z cvi‡eb| GB
AvB‡bi aviv 13 Abyhvqx jvB‡mbwms A_wiwU (hviv jvB‡mÝ
†`evi AwaKvix) Avcbv‡K jvB‡mÝ
†`‡e| Avcbv‡K wbw`©ô d‡g© Av‡e`b Ki‡Z n‡e ZLb jvB‡mbwms
A_wiwU ¯’vbxq _vKvi Kv‡Q wi‡cvU©
Zje Ki‡e †h Avcbv‡K jvB‡mÝ †`&Iqv hvq Kxbv, Avcbvi †Kv‡bv
wμwgbvj †iKW© Av‡Q Kxbv|
_vbv wbw`©ô mg‡qi g‡a¨ wi‡cvU© cvVv‡e| _vbv wbw`©ô mg‡qi
g‡a¨ wi‡cvU© bv cvVv‡j A_wiwU Kx Ki‡e
†mUv Zv‡`I e¨cvi| Zviv wi‡cv‡U©I A‡cÿv bv K‡iB GB AvB‡bi
aviv 13(3) †Z Avcbv‡K jvB‡mÝ
w`‡Z cv‡ib aviv 4 Gi e¨envi Kivi R‡b¨|
Avevi A_wiwU GB AvB‡bi aviv 14(2) Abyhvqx jvB‡mÝ w`‡Z
A¯^xKvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv †h †Kej
Av‡e`bKvixi h‡_ó cwigvb Rwg ev m¤úwË †bB ZvB| aviv 14(3)
Abyhvqx A_wiwU wj‡L ivL‡eb
†Kb Avcbv‡K jvB‡mÝ †`&Iqv nj bv Ges A_wiwU†K Zv
Avcbv‡KI wjwLZfv‡e Rvbv‡Z n‡e †h
†Kb jvB‡mÝ †`&Iqv nj bv Zvi mswÿß KviY| Z‡e Zviv hw` g‡b
K‡ib GwU Ki‡j RbM‡bi
†Kv‡bv ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡I Z‡e Zviv Zv bv&I w`‡Z cv‡ib Rb¯^v‡_©|
‡Kvb †Kvb ai‡bi jvB‡mÝ †`&Iqv nq, cÖ‡qvRb c‡o? aviv 3, 4
Abyhvqx e›`yK I ¸wj ivLv I enb
Kivi jvB‡mÝ, aviv 5 e›`yK evbv‡bv I wewμ Kiv, aviv 10 e›`y‡Ki
Avg`vwb-icZAvwb Kiv|
GB e¨vcv‡i AviI Rvb‡Z †`Lyb Avg©m A¨v± 1959 eBwU, Avgvi
mvB‡U cv‡eb
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