MODULE

Course : English
Grade/Semester : X / 1 (Odd)
Time Allocation : 3 Meetings (9x30 Minutes)

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

Basic Competences and Indicators

3.4. membedakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks deskriptif
lisan dan tulis dengan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait tempat wisata dan
bangunan bersejarah terkenal, pendek dan sederhana, sesuai dengan konteks
penggunaannya
3.4.1 Mengidentifikasi struktur teks deskriptif berbentuk tulis dan lisan
3.4.2 Menerapkan unsur kebahasaan teks deskriptif berbentuk tulis dan lisan
3.4.3 Menentukan fungsi sosial beberapa teks teks deskriptif berbentuk tulis dan lisan

4.4. Menyusun teks deskriptif lisan dan tulis, pendek dan sederhana, terkait tempat wisata
dan bangunan bersejarah terkenal, dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks,
dan unsur kebahasaan, secara benar dan sesuai konteks
4.4.1. Menulis teks deskriptif terkait tempat wisata dengan memperhatikan fungsi
sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan secara benar dan sesuai konteks
INTRODUCTION

Hello Beloved Students.

In this module, you are going to about descriptive text s. You will be exposed to some examples of
descriptive texts about tourism and historical places. A tourism place or a famous historical place
can attract both domestic and foreign visitors. Therefore, it is important to make description about
the sites as attractive as possible a guidance or promotion.

This module is designed to provide learning activity to all of you to comprehend both spoken and
written descriptive text. Hence, you should follow all instructions to acquire all skills needed. Good
luck, girls.

1. Short Description
What is a short description of descriptive text? Descriptive text is a meaningful text that
describes or says what a particular place looks like. The purpose of the text is to give visual
pictures of a certain tourism or historical place, such as Lombok Island by explaining its features,
location, form, types, or anything related to the place.

2. Learning objectives
The learning objectives of this module by doing the activities inside are:
a. Students are able to identify the generic structure, social function, and language features
of descriptive text.
b. Students are able to apply simple present tense in sentences.
c. Students are able to write a simple descriptive text.
d. Students are able to make spoken descriptive text

3. Learning guide
This module is organized as follows:
a. In the first part (Introduction), it provides a brief description, objectives, and guide about
this module.
b. In the second part (Main Section), it contains learning materials and learning activities. The
learning activities are designed to help you in comprehending written and spoken descriptive
text.
c. In third part (closing), it is a summary about the descriptive text.
 MAIN SECTION
Learning Material and Activities

The key features of this learning material are definition, social function, and generic structure. Study them
carefully and do each of the tasks that follows.

A. Definition
To know the definition of this text, watch and listen thoroughly the given videos.

Task 1
Watch and analyze the videos below about describing “Lombok Island” and “Jatim Park 1” in spoken
form. In your opinion, what is descriptive text?
Video 1

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bl1k2-cLdV8&t=9s

Video 2

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CpwnglE9Z3A
B. Social Function
 To describe person, thing or place in specific
 To give information about particular entity by describing its features, history, and special
characteristics.

C. Generic structures
A descriptive text is made up of identification or general statement and description element.
Identification introduces and identifies specific objects (a person, thing, place, animal, or event)
intended to be described. Description describes the intended objects using descriptive details or
information about the objects’ characteristics, appearances, personality, habits, or qualities
(Derewianka, 2004: Gerot & Wignell, 1994: Knapp and Watkins, 2005, p.149)

Generic Structure Function

General Identification Identifies phenomenon to be
described
Description Describes parts, qualities,
characteristics

Examples of written descriptive text

Text 1
Description of a tourism place
Gili Trawangan

General Gili is derived from Sasak language (Lombok Island native tribal
Identification language) which means small island. Actually there are several Gili /
dykes around the island of Lombok, yet there are three dykes that
are known by tourists, namely Gili Trawangan, Gili Air and Gili Meno.

Among the three dykes, the Gili Trawangan is the largest, well-known
and the most complete amenities. Gili Trawangan is located in the
Description northwest of the island of Lombok. Administratively, Gili Trawangan
includes in the territory of the village of Gili Indah, West Lombok,
West Nusa Tenggara province.

Gili Trawangan has several beaches with very beautiful views. Most
beaches have blue tosca and clear sea water. The sand there is also
soft with white color. On the west side of the island, you can get the
beach atmosphere which is quiet and calm enough. But there, the
sand is slightly coarser than the sand of the beach which is in the
Description
southeast of the island. Even though, this island looks pretty green
with many pine trees, acacia, and coconut trees that beautify the
shoreline.
Text 2.
Description of Historical Place

Toraja Funeral

The most spectacular ritual in Toraja Tribe are the Funeral Ceremony. For Torajan
people, the funeral ceremony is the most important ritual in their life cycle. It is based on a strong
belief that the soul of the death, travels to the land of the south and in this land they will have
eternity, and they will need all the requisites of everyday life in the hereafter just like when they
was alive in this world. Funeral ceremonies are festival which lasting as long as ten days with
much feasting and entertainment. Animal sacrifices are made to ensure eternal life in the afterlife
and to safeguard the descendants.
A funeral is a festive event for every member of the society. When the funeral is held by
noble families then the ceremony will usually involve great fanfare. Buffaloes and pigs are
sacrificed as an indication of status and as repayment for gifts received. This ceremony may take
days, weeks, months, or even years after the actual death and the deceased is referred as a sick
man until they are actually buried .
Various types of graves are located in Cliff-side caves, mountain ledges or in special
houses reserved for the dead. The graves in Tana Toraja are made in huge rocks because of their
strength and relative safety from animals and thieves. There are many of these graves in the
different mountains. And some are well guarded by life-size wooden statues of the persons
buried.
Task 2
Read and analyze text 1 and 2 above by considering the difference of their text structure and fill the
following table.
Generic Structure Text 1 Text 2
Geneal Identification

Description

D. Language Features
After watching several videos and reading some texts of descriptive text, it can be concluded
that the language features used in this text:
 Specific participant: it has a certain object which is not common and unique (only
one in the world), for example: Borobudur temple, Pulau Merah Beach, etc.
 The use of the adjectives to clarify the noun, for example beautiful, near, distance,
famous, etc.
 The use of simple present tense: the sentence pattern used is simple present because
it tells the fact of the object described.
 Action verb: verbs that show an activity for examples, run, walk, build, etc.
 Using passive voice, for examples, is located, is established, etc
 Using noun phrase: for example temple of Borobudur
 Using general and abstract noun

Task 3
Read text 1 and 2 again, then identify he language features used either in text 1 or text 2
as listed in the table with some examples from the text!

No. Language Features Examples from the text

1 Simple Present Tense

2 Using Passive Voice

 3 Using noun phrase

4 Using general and

abstract noun

5 Using Adjectives

6. Using Action Verb

GRAMMAR SPOT
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Pattern:
 Nominal Sentence
Subject + is/am/are + Adjectives/noun phrase/Compliment

 Verbal Sentence Subject + Verb 1 s/es + Object + Compliment

Examples:
Nominal:
The City park is marvelous.
Verbal:
The teacher explains the topic.
CLOSING SECTION

Summary

 Descriptive text is a meaningful text that describes or says what a particular place
looks like.
 The purpose of descriptive text is to describe a particular thing or a tourism place
 The generic structure of the text:
 General Identification
 Descriptions
 The Language Features:
 Specific participant
 The use of the adjectives to clarify the noun
 The use of simple present tense
 Action verb
 Using passive voice
 Using noun phrase
 Using general and abstract noun

Reflections
Please write your reflective summary bellow!

1. In this module, I have learned

………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. The key features of descriptive text are

………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. What I like most about this module is/are

………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. I like it because
………………………………………………………………………………………….

5. What I need to improve/learn more is/are

………………………………………………………………………………………….