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Project Input Data

This document discusses the input data requirements for assessing water resources at the basin scale using remote sensing and spatial data. It describes the key data needed, including digital elevation models, land use/land cover maps, soil data, rainfall and temperature data, and ancillary demographic and agricultural data. Specific remote sensing datasets are also summarized, such as SRTM, ASTER and Cartosat digital elevation models, and natural resources census land use/land cover maps.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
48 views26 pages

Project Input Data

This document discusses the input data requirements for assessing water resources at the basin scale using remote sensing and spatial data. It describes the key data needed, including digital elevation models, land use/land cover maps, soil data, rainfall and temperature data, and ancillary demographic and agricultural data. Specific remote sensing datasets are also summarized, such as SRTM, ASTER and Cartosat digital elevation models, and natural resources census land use/land cover maps.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basin-wise Water Resources

Assessment using space Inputs

Input Data Requirements

B. SIMHADRI RAO
Water Resources Group
National Remote Sensing Centre
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Topographic Data

• Digital Elevation Model


• Land use / Land cover
• Soil texture

Meteorological Data

• Rainfall
• Temperature

Hydrological Data

• River Discharge
• Reservoir level
• Ground water level
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Ancillary Data
• Demographic
• Industrial
• Livestock
• Irrigation Command boundaries
• Administrative boundaries
• Snow cover maps

Ancillary Information
• Crop area statistics
• Land Use Coefficients
• Available water capacity for soil type
• Root depth for crop type
• Specific yield maps
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Digital Elevation Model: Represents the topography in raster format


Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission
• SRTM launched on 11-Feb-2000
• On space shuttle Endeavour for 11 days
mission
• The Radar data to collect information on
80% of earth’s surface

SRTM Parameters
Parameter C - Band X - Band
Wavelength 5.6 cm 3.1 cm
Carrier 5.3 GHz 9.6 GHz
frequency
Polarisation dual VV
Swath width 225 km 50 km
Elevation step 1m 1m
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

SRTM DEM SRTM DEM Characteristics


Tile size 50 X 50
(120 X 1201 pixels)
Pixel Size 90 m (3 arc-second)
Geographic Geographic latitude and
coordinates longitude
DEM output GeoTIFF, signed 16 bits
format units of vertical metre
Geoid reference WGS84/EGM96
Coverage 600 N to 560 S
Vertical Accuracy 16 m at 90% confidence
Horizontal 20 m at 90% confidence
Accuracy

SRTM 90 M DEM Latest Version 4.1


http://www.cgiar-csi.org/data/srtm-90m-
digital-elevation-database-v4-1
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Terra Satellite
• Terra launched on 18-Dec-1999
• 16 day repeat cycle
• 705 km altitude, sun-synchronous
• ASTER sensor has nadir and
backward looking cameras in red
band

ASTER Sensor Characteristics


Characteristics VNIR SWIR TIR
Spatial 15 30 90
resolution (m)
Swath width 60 60 60
(km)
Quantisation 8 8 12
Bands 3 6 5
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

ASTER DEM ASTER DEM Characteristics


Tile size 10 X 10
(3601 X 3601 pixels)
Pixel Size 30 m (1 arc-second)
Geographic Geographic latitude and
coordinates longitude
DEM output GeoTIFF, signed 16 bits
format units of vertical metre
Geoid reference WGS84/EGM96
Coverage 830 N to 830 S
Vertical Accuracy 20 m at 95% confidence
Horizontal 30 m at 95% confidence
Accuracy

http://gdem.ersdac.jspacesystems.or.jp/
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

CARTOSAT-1
• Cartosat-1 launched 05-May-2005
• 6018 km altitude, sun-
synchronous
• Carosat-1 has nadir and backward
looking cameras

CARTOSAT-1 Sensor Characteristics


Parameter Characteristics
Spatial resolution 2.5 m
swath 26 km
Spectral band 0.5 – 0.85 microns
Revisit 5 days
Repetition 126 days
Quantisation 10 bits
Cameras 2
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

CARTOSAT DEM CARTOSAT DEM Characteristics

Tile size 7.5’ X 7.5’


(13.5 Km X 13.5 Km)
Pixel Size 30 m (1 arc-second)
Geographic Geographic latitude and
coordinates longitude
DEM output GeoTIFF
format
Geoid reference WGS84
Vertical Accuracy 8m
Horizontal 15 m
Accuracy

http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/data/download/i
ndex.php
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Digital Elevation Model: To derive drainage and basin and sub-basin boundaries
Drainage and basin and sub-basin boundaries of Brahmani-Baitarani basin

Min. Elevation = 1 m
Max. Elevation = 1176 m
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Land Use / Land Cover Data

 Developed under Natural Resources


Census Project, NRSC
 Based on AWiFS satellite data
 LU/LC data of Spatial resolution (56
m) used in the pilot study
 Data availability period - 2004-05
to 2011-12 (11 years)

 NRC project aims at generation of thematic maps at 1:250 k from satellite


data for entire country
 LU/LC, Land degradation, Geomorphology and Lineament mapping
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements
Land Use / Land Cover Data

S.No LU/LC Class


1 Build up
2 Kharif only
3 Rabi only
4 Zaid only
5 Double / triple
6 Current fallow
7 Plantation/orchard
8 Evergreen forest
9 Deciduous forest
10 Scrub/Deg. forest
11 Littoral swamp
12 Grassland
13 Other wasteland
14 Gullied
15 Scrubland
16 Water bodies
17 Snow covered
18 Shifting Cultivation

 Developed using Multi-temporal AWiFS covering Kharif, Rabi and Zaid seasons
 LCC projection and WGS84 datum
 Can be downloaded from http://bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in/
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Soil Texture Data

 Developed by National
Bureau of Soil Survey and
Land Use Planning
(NBSS&LUP)
 Soil map of 1:250 k scale
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Rainfall Data

 Daily rainfall grids developed IMD


 Spatial resolution of 0.5 degree
used in the pilot study
 Presently 0.25 degree gridded data
is available (*.GRD format)
 Period - 1901 to 2010 years

 Study Period – 1983-84 to 2012-13


(30 years)

 Developed using 6995 rain gauge stations


 Spatial interpolation for converting point rainfall into grid data
 Inverse Distance Weighing scheme of interpolation
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Temperature Data

 Daily temperature grids developed IMD


 Spatial resolution of 1 degree used in
the pilot study
 Period - 1969 to 2009 years (*.GRD
format)

 Developed using 395 stations


 Spatial interpolation for converting point data into grid data
 Modified version of Shepard angular distance weighting algorithm
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Demographic Data

 Village wise population census maps of India


 Period - 1991, 2001 and 2011 years (vector format)
 Developed by Census of India
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Irrigation Command Maps

 Project wise irrigation command


boundary maps (vector format)

 Prepared under India WIRS project

 To provide consumptive irrigation


support for crop within command
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Administrative Boundaries

 Administrative boundaries like


State, district, taluk and village
map (vector format)
 Prepared by Survey of India
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Ground Water Levels

 Ground water level of wells (excel format- point data)


 Central Ground Water Board

 Study Period – 1983-84 to 2012-13 (30 years)

Jan May Aug Nov


Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

DGWL May 2004


Ground Water Levels
DGWL May 2005

6.32112 DGWL Change


-6.86795
2004 to 2005
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

River Discharges

 River discharge data at various locations in each basin


 Select the discharge sites at critical locations in a basin
 Study Period – 1983-84 to 2012-13 (30 years)

Reservoir Levels and Storage volume

 Reservoir levels data located in each basin


 To estimate reservoir storages
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Industrial Data

 Industrial data located in each basin


 To estimate industrial water demand
 Study Period – 1983-84 to 2012-13 (30 years)

Live stock Census

 Live stock census from National Dairy Development Board


 To estimate live stock water demand

http://www.nddb.org/English/Statistics/Pages/Population-India-Species.aspx
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Crop Area Information

 Crop area statistics for each district-wise located in a basin


 To identify the crop period
 To identify major crop in each season
 To arrive at land use coefficients

Land Use Coefficients

 Based on the land cover type


 Can be obtained from literature
Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Available Water Capacity

 Available water capacity for each soil type


 Can be obtained from literature

Root Depth

 Root depth for each vegetation type


 Can be obtained from literature

Specific Yield Maps

 Specific yield map for each soil type


Water Resources Assessment - Input Data Requirements

Snow Cover Area Maps

 To estimate snowmelt runoff


 Snow cover Area products available from different satellite sensors
like MODIS, NOAA-AVHRR, etc.
 Other input variables like precipitation, temperature and DEM

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