493469462.

docx

Problem 01. Axial Stress and Deformation

A hollow cast iron pole has an outside diameter of 450mm and an inside diameter of 350mm. It
is subjected to a compressive force of 1200kN throughout its length 1.2m. The pole is laterally
braced. E = 100 000Mpa.
1. What is the axial compressive stress?
2. What is the axial deformation due to applied force?
3. What is the axial load if axial compressive strain is 0.003?
Answer:  = -19.1Mpa,  = -0.23mmm, P = 18.85kN

Problem 02. Axial Stress and Deformation

A rigid bar AB is hinged to a support at A, and supported by two vertical wires attached at
points C and D. Both wires have same cross sectional area
of 17mm2 and are made of steel. Determine the following
if P = 1500N 0.9m
1. Tensile stress of wire at C. 0.45m
2. Tensile stress of wire at D. C D
A B
3. Downward displacement at the end of B.
Answer: C = 70.59Mpa, D = 88.24Mpa; B = 0.52mm 1500kN
0.5 0.75 0.4

Problem 03. Axial Stress and Deformation

B C D
A steel bar has a cross sectional area of 250mm2 A, and is A
loaded by a force P1 = 12kN, P2 = 8kN, P3 = 6kN. Calculate
the following; P1 P2 P3
1.5m 0.6m 0.9m
1. The change in length of the bar,
2. The stress of member BC, and
3. The load P3 be increased so that no change in length would happen.

Answer: AD = 0.336mm; BC = 8Mpa; PI = 5.6kN

Problem 04. Axial Stress and Shear Stress

A rigid bar AD having a size 10mm by 100mm is hinged C C

to a support at A, and supported by a vertical strut BC

having a section of 10mm by 75mm attached at points 1.2m
C by a bolt. Calculate the following if W = 2.4kN; B
1. The minimum bolt diameter at C if the A D
allowable bolt shear stress is 68Mpa,
2. The stress of the strut, and W
1.2m 1.2m
3. The bolt stress at A if the bolt diameter is
20mm.
Answer: DC = 7mm; BC = 6.4Mpa; A = 7.64Mpa
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Problem 05. Stress-Strain

A 40mm diameter rod 6m long elongates 12mm under load of 240kN. The diameter decreases
by 0.028mm during the loading. Determine the following;
1. The Poisson’s ratio of the material,
2. The Young’s modulus of the material, and
3. The modulus of rigidity of the material.

Answer: v = 0.35; E = 95,493Mpa; G = 35,368Mpa

Problem 06. Stress-Strain

A 3m long steel plate having a cross section of 25mm by 300mm is use as a hanger and
subjected to a tensile load of 1070kN. The proportional limit of the steel is assumed to be
200Mpa. If the Poisson’s ratio is 0.25, determine the following;
1. The transverse strain,
2. The total axial deformation, and
3. The transverse dimensional change along 300mm.

Answer: t = 1.783x10-4; L = 2.14mm; X = 0.05mm

Problem 07. Strain Energy

A three story steel column in a building supports roof and floor P1=178kN
loads as shown. If the cross sectional area of each column is
9600mm2 and that E = 200Gpa, determine the following;
1. The strain energy of the upper segment, P2=268kN 3.0m

2. The strain energy of the middle segment, and

3. The strain energy of the lower segment.
P3=268kN 3.0m

Answer: Uu = 24.75N-m
Um = 155.50N-m
3.0m
UL = 398.28N-m

Problem 08. Thermal Stress

D
A rigid bar ABC is pinned at A and supported by the
cables at point B. The 36mm rod is pinned connected.
If the load P = 100kN and that E = 200Gpa. The 36mmØ
1.8m
coefficient of thermal expansion is 12 x10 -6, determine
B
the following; A C
1. The displacement at C if temperature rises by
6mmØ 1.2
600,
2. The stress induced by the load P on rod BD. 2.0m 1.4m
Answer: C = 4.76mm; X = 167Mpa P
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Problem 09. Thermal Stress

A 2.5m steel rod with cross sectional area of 1250mm 2 is secured between rigid supports at
both ends. If there is no stress at temperature of 20 0C. Coefficient of thermal expansion is 11.7
x10-6, determine the following;
1. The stress of the road if the temperature drops to zero,
2. The strain of the rod if the rod supports yield and move together a distance of 0.5mm as
temperature drops, and
3. The stress in the rod if the supports yield and move together a distance of 0.5mm as the
temperature drops.
Answer: t = -46.8Mpa; t = 34x10-5; t = -6.8Mpa

Problem 10. Hoop Tension

A water tank 3m in diameter and a 6m high is made from a steel having a thickness of 12mm. if
it is filled with water, determine the following;
1. The circumferential stress,
2. The longitudinal stress at the bottom of the tank, and
3. The maximum height of the water to which the tank maybe filled if the stress of
material is limited to 5Mpa.
Answer: t = 7.36Mpa; L = 3.68Mpa; H = 4.08m

Problem 11. Hoop Tension

A water tank 3m height has an outside diameter of 600mm and having a thickness of 8mm. if it
is subjected to internal pressure of 2Mpa, determine the following;
1. The circumferential stress,
2. The longitudinal stress of the tank, and
3. The internal pressure if the allowable design is 120Mpa
Answer: t = 73Mpa; L = 36.5Mpa; p = 3.28Mpa

Problem 12. Torsional Stress

A solid steel is subjected to pure torsion. If the solid steel has a diameter of 75mm, has a length
of 2.5m, and G = 78Gpa, determine the following;
1. The torsional rigidity,
2. The torsional stiffness, and
3. The maximum shear stress in the solid steel is subjected to 540N-m torque.
Answer: JG = 2.42kN-m; Ts = 96.9kN-m2 ;  = 6.15Mpa
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Problem 13. Torsional Stress

A hollow steel shaft is used in the construction has an outside diameter of 150mm and inside
diameter of 100mm. If the applied torque is 16kN-m, and G = 78Gpa, determine the following;
1. The shear stress at the outer surface,
2. The shear stress at the inside surface, and
3. The rate of twist in degrees per meter.
Answer:  = 30.09Mpa;  = 20.06Mpa;  = 0.306degrees/m

Problem 14. Torsional Stress

A drive shaft for a truck has a diameter of 50mm is running at 2500rpm, determine the
following;
1. The equivalent torque if the shaft transmits 150kW,
2. The maximum shear stress, and
3. The maximum power that can be transmitted if the shear stress is limited to 30Mpa.
Answer: T = 572.96N-m ;  = 23.34Mpa ; P = 192.8kW

Problem 15. Flexural (Bending) and Horizontal Shear Stress

Determine the minimum height
h of the beam shown if the
flexural stress is not to exceed
20 MPa and allowable shear
stress is 1.75Mpa.
 

Answer: h =137mm; h = 80.4mm

Problem 16. Flexural (Bending) and Horizontal Shear Stress

In a laboratory test of a beam loaded by end
couples, the fibers at layer AB are found to
increase 60 × 10-3 mm whereas those at CD
decrease 100 × 10-3 mm in the 200-mm-gage
length. Using E = 70 GPa, determine the flexural
stress in the top and bottom fibers.

Answer:
fb-top = 35MPa, fb-bot = 70Mpa
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Problem 17. Flexural (Bending) and Horizontal Shear Stress

The right-angled frame shown carries a uniformly
distributed loading equivalent to 200 N for each horizontal
projected meter of the frame; that is, the total load is 1000
N.
1. Compute the maximum flexural stress at section a-a
if the cross-section is 50 mm square.
2. Find the maximum flexural stress at section b-b.

Answer: fb-aa = 29.952MPa, fb-bb = 21.888MPa

Problem 18. Beam Curvature

A high strength steel band saw, 20 mm wide by 0.80 mm thick, runs over pulleys 600 mm in
diameter.
1. What maximum flexural stress is developed?
2. What minimum diameter pulleys can be used without
exceeding a flexural stress of 400 MPa? Assume E =
200 GPa.

Answer:
fb = 266.67MPa, d = 400mm

Problem 19. Beam Curvatute

A thin strip of length L = 700 mm and thickness of t =
6.25 mm is bent by couples Mo as shown in the
figure. The deflection at the midpoint of the strip
measured from a line joining its end points, is found
to be 5 mm. Es = 200,000 MPa. Determine
1. The radius of curvature
2. The moment Mo if EI = 300N-m2
3. The longitudinal normal strain at the top of
the surface of the strip.

Answer: 12243mm; 24.49N-m; 2.552x10-4

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Problem 20. Flexural (Bending) and Horizontal Shear Stress

Find the maximum tensile and compressive flexure stresses for the cantilever beam shown.

Answer: fb-comp = 24MPa, fb-tens = 25MPa

Problem 21. Flexural (Bending) and Horizontal Shear Stress

The T section shown in is the cross-section of a
beam formed by joining two rectangular pieces of
wood together. The beam is subjected to a
maximum shearing force of 60 kN. Determine the
shearing stress
1. at the neutral axis, and
2. at the junction between the two pieces of
wood.
3. Moment of inertia about the neutral axis

Answer: INA = 10.57 × 106 mm4, fv-na = 3.28MPa,

fv-flange = 3.1788MPa, fv-wed =31.7881MPa

Problem 22. Flexural (Bending) and Horizontal Shear Stress

The distributed load shown is supported by a wide-flange section of the given dimensions.
Determine the maximum value of wo that will not exceed a flexural stress of 10 MPa or a
shearing stress of 1.0 MPa.

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 Answer: w = 94.36N/m
Problem 23. Flexural (Bending) and Horizontal Shear Stress
A wide flange section is formed by bolting together three
planks, each 80 mm by 200 mm, arranged as shown. If each
bolt can withstand a shearing force of 8 kN, determine the
pitch if the beam is loaded so as to cause a maximum
shearing stress of 1.4 MPa.

 Answer: s = 84.18mm

Problem 24. Flexural (Bending) and Horizontal Shear Stress

A plate and angle girder similar to that shown is fabricated by riveting the short legs of four 125
× 75 × 13 mm angles to a web plate 1000 mm by 10 mm to form a section 1020 mm deep. The
moment of inertia of the entire section about the NA is I = 4770 × 106 mm4, determine the
rivet pitch for 22-mm rivets, attaching the angles to the web plate at a section where V = 450
kN. τ = 100 MPa shear stress of bolt, σb = 220 MPa bearing stress for single shear rivet, σ b = 280
MPa bearing stress for double shear rivet
 
Answer: s =273.58mm

200mm
Problem 25. Flexural (Bending) and Horizontal Shear Stress
A box beam, built up as shown is secured by screws spaced
125mm. apart. The beam supports concentrated loads P at the 150mm
third points of a simply supported span 3.6m long. Determine the
maximum value of P that will not exceed fv = 0.85MPa in the 200mm 250mm
beam or a shearing force of 1.3kN in the screws. What is the
maximum flexural stress in the beam?
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Answer: 7.9kN, 7.4MPa

Problem 26. Shear and Moment Diagrams

The shear diagram for the beam is shown, 652kN
assuming no couples act as loads on the beam. 580kN
Determine 572kN
500kN
1. The uniform load carried by the beam
in kN/m
2. The maximum moment of the beam. A B C D
3. Location of the point of inflection from -128kN
point A. -448kN
4m 16m 4m
Answer: 20kN/m; 2448kN-m; 14.5m

Problem 27. Shear and Moment Diagrams

The shear diagram for the beam is shown, assuming no couples act as loads on the beam.
Determine
1. The uniform load
carried by the beam
in kN/m
2. The non-uniform
load carried by the
beam
3. The maximum
moment of the
beam.
Answer: 4kN/m; 8kN/m; 18.26kN-m

Problem 27. Shear and Moment Diagrams,

CE Bd. May 2013; CE Bd. Dec 2014
For the figure loaded as shown,
Determine
1. The moment at midspan if
x1 = 2 m
2. The distance x1, if the
moment at mid-span is zero.

Answer: 37.5kN-m; 2.5m

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Problem 28. Shear and Moment Diagrams, CE Bd. Nov 2012

For the figure loaded as shown, Determine
1. The maximum shear, in
kN.
2. The maximum
moment, in kN-m.
3. The distance from the
left end where the
flexural stress is zero.

Answer: 48kN; 42kN-m; 3.5m

Problem 29. Shear and Moment Diagrams, CE Bd. May 2012

For the barge loaded as shown, determine
1. The length L so that the upward pressure is
uniform and that the barge remains horizontal
2. Shear at 3m from the left end if the upward
pressure is 72kN/m
3. Distance from the left end so that the shear is
zero if the upward pressure is 87kN/m
Answer: 15m; -219kN; 5m

Problem 30. Combined Stress

A cast iron link is 40 mm wide by 200 mm high by 500 mm long. The allowable stresses are 40
MPa in tension and 80 MPa in compression. Compute the largest compressive load P that can
be applied to the ends of the link along a longitudinal axis that is located 150 mm above the
bottom of the link.

  Answer:
P=256 kN
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Problem 31. Combined Stress

Determine the largest load P that can be supported by the
circular steel bracket shown in the figure if the normal stress
on section A-B is limited to 80 MPa.
 

Answer: P=29.92 kN

Problem 32. Combined Stress

To avoid interference, a link in a machine is designed so that its cross-sectional area is reduced
one half at section A-B as
shown. If the thickness of the
link is 50 mm, compute the
maximum force P that can be
applied if the maximum normal
stress on section A-B is limited
to 80 MPa.
 Answer: P=40000 N

Problem 33. Combined Stress

A concrete dam has the profile shown. If the density of
concrete is 2400 kg/m3 and that of water is 1000
kg/m3, determine the maximum compressive stress at
section m-n if the depth of the water behind the dam
is h = 15 m.
 

Answer: qmax=48,333.33 kg/m2

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Problem 34. Combined Stress

A circular post, 300mm diameter and a rectangular post, 300
wide are each compressed by loads that produce a resultant 300mm 300mm
force of 2400kN acting the edge of the cross section. They are
of equal size. Compute P P d
1. Maximum compressive stress of the circular post
2. The side “d” of rectangular section if the tensile stress
of both posts are the same
3. The maximum compressive stress of the rectangular post.

Answer: -169.75Mpa; 157mm; -203.83Mpa

MOVING LOAD
Maximum Moment:
In general, the bending moment under a particular load is a maximum when the center
of the beam is midway between that load and the resultant of all the loads then on the span.
Maximum Shear:
The maximum shear occurs at the reaction where the resultant load is nearest.

Problem 35. Moving Load

A truck with axle loads of 40 kN and 60 kN on a wheel base of 5 m rolls across a 10-m span.
Compute
1. The maximum bending moment and
2. The maximum shearing force.
Answer: 160kN-m, 80kN

Problem 36a. Moving Load

A truck and trailer combination crossing a 12-m span has axle loads of 10, 20, and 30 kN
separated respectively by distances of 3 and 5 m. Compute
1. The maximum moment and
2. The maximum shear developed in the span.
Answer: 104.17kN-m, 45kN

Problem 36b. Moving Load

A truck and trailer combination crossing a 15-m span has axle loads of 10, 20, and 30 kN
separated respectively by distances of 3 and 5 m. Compute
1. The maximum moment and
2. The maximum shear developed in the span.
Answer: 144kN-m, 48kN
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Problem 37. Mohr Circle

For the state of plane stress shown, determine the maximum in
plane shear stress and the planes on which it acts.

Answer: max = 86Mpa, s  27.3° and 117.3°;

x’y’ = -86Mpa, ave = n = -30Mpa

Problem 38. Mohr Circle

For the state of plane stress is with respect to xy-axes as
shown, determine the equivalent state of stress with respect
to x’y’-axes.

Answer: x’ = 72.1Mpa, y’= 17.9Mpa; x’y’ = 33Mpa

Problem 39. Mohr Circle

For the state of plane stress shown, determine (a) the principal
planes, (b) the principal stresses, (c) the maximum shearing
stress and the corresponding normal stress.

Answer: p  26.6° and 116.6°; max = 70Mpa, min= -30Mpa; [Gr

ab
max = 50Mpa, ave = n = 20Mpa you
r
rea
der
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Problem 40. Mohr Circle att
en
For the state of plane stress shown, determine (a) the principal tio
planes and the principal stresses, (b) the stress components n
exerted on the element obtained by rotating the given element wit
counterclockwise through 300. ha
gre
Answer: p  33.7°max = 132Mpa, min= 28Mpa; at
qu
  52.6°°x ’ = 48.4Mpa, y ’= 111.6Mpa, xy = 41.3Mpa ote
fro
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Problem 40. Normal and Shear Stresses size
a
A rectangular bar, 25 mm x 50 mm in cross section is subjected to key
a tensile force, P
0 poi
= 80 kN. Plane A-A makes and angle, θ = 30 with the x-axis. Determine
nt.
1. the tensile stress on plane A – A To
2. the shear stress on plane A – A pla
3. maximum shear stress ce
this
Answer:  ’= 48Mpa,  = 27.7Mpa, max = 32Mpa tex
t
box
any
wh
ere
on
Problem 40. Normal and Shear Stresses the
pag
A 250mm long metal block, 100 mm x 100 mm in cross section is subjected to a compressive
0 e, to horizontal axis.
force of P = 140kN. A plane A-A makes and angle, θ = 60 with respect
just
Determine
dra
1. The tensile stress on plane A – A
g
2. The shear stress on plane A – A it.]
3. The maximum shear stress

Answer:  ’= -3.5Mpa,  = 6.06Mpa, max = 7Mpa