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Number of Factors PDF

The document discusses finding factors of numbers. It provides examples of finding all factors of 52 and 48 by expressing them as products of prime factors and using the formula of incrementing each prime factor power by 1 and multiplying. Related questions ask to find various properties of the factors of 120 such as total number of factors, sum of factors, number divisible by 3, etc. by expressing 120 as a product of prime factors and using the same formula.

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1K views5 pages

Number of Factors PDF

The document discusses finding factors of numbers. It provides examples of finding all factors of 52 and 48 by expressing them as products of prime factors and using the formula of incrementing each prime factor power by 1 and multiplying. Related questions ask to find various properties of the factors of 120 such as total number of factors, sum of factors, number divisible by 3, etc. by expressing 120 as a product of prime factors and using the same formula.

Uploaded by

Subarna Aktar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Discussion:

If a number can be expressed as a product of two whole numbers, then the whole
numbers are called factors of that number.
In other words, a factor is a whole number which divides exactly into a whole
number, leaving no remainder.
For example, 13 is a factor of 52 because 13 divides exactly into 52 (52÷13 = 4
leaving no remainder).
52 = 1 x 52 = 2 x 26 = 4 x 13
So, the complete list of factors of 52 is: 1, 2, 4, 13, 26, and 52 (all these divide exactly
into 52).
A simple technique to find the number of factors of a given number is to express the
number as a product of powers of prime numbers or prime factors.
To illustrate let’s find the numbers of factors of our example 52.
Note that, 52 can be expressed as 4 x 13 = 2^2 x 13
So, the prime factors of 52 are 2 and 13.
Now, increment the power of each of the prime numbers by 1 and multiply the result.
In this case it will be (2+1) x (1+1) = 3 x 2 = 6 (power of 2 is 2 and power of 13 is
1)
Therefore, there will 6 factors including 1 and 52.
Also note that, all numbers have a factor of 1 since 1 multiplied by any number
equals that number. All numbers can be divided by themselves to produce the
number 1. Therefore, we normally ignore 1 and the number itself as useful factors.
So, excluding, these two numbers, you will have (6 – 2) = 4 factors.
To be certain the factors are: 2, 4, 13 and 26.
To further illustrate let’s find the numbers of factors of 48.
48 can be written as 16 x 3 = 2^4 x 3
So, the prime factors of 48 are 2 and 3.
Now, increment the power of each of the prime numbers by 1 and multiply the result.
In this case it will be (4+1) x (1+1) = 5 x 2 = 10 (the power of 2 is 4 and the power
of 3 is 1)
Therefore, there will be 10 factors including 1 and 48. Excluding, these two numbers,
you will have (10 – 2) = 8 factors. And the factors are: 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24
Another example: 216 = 8 x 27 = 2^3 x 3^3
Here also, the prime factors of 216 are 2 and 3.
Now, increment the power of each of the prime numbers by 1 and multiply the result.
(3+1) x (3+1) = 4 x 4 = 16 (power of both 2 and 3 is 3)
Therefore, there will be 16 factors including 1 and 216.
Excluding, these two numbers, 16 – 2 = 14 factors which are 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18,
24, 27, 36, 54, 72 and 108.

Related Questions:

120 is natural number. Find the following:

a) No. of Total factors:


120 = 2^3 x 3 x 5
So, no. of total factors = (3+1) x (1+1) x (1+1) = 4 x 2 x 2 = 16

b) No. of Even factors:


120 = 2 x 60
Now, find No. of factors of 60.
60 => 2^2 x 3 x 5
So, no. of total factors of 60 => (2+1) x (1+1) x (1+1) = 3 x 2 x 2 = 12
Then, total No. of Even factors of 120 is 12.
c) No. of Odd factors:
Consider the power of odd prime factors of 120.
120 = 2^3 x 3 x 5
Odd prime factors are 3 and 5.
So, total No. of Odd factors of 120 is: (1+1) x (1+1) = 2 x 2 = 4

d) No. of Factors divisible by 3:


120 = 3 x 40
Now, find No. of factors of 40.
40 => 2^3 x 5
So, no. of factors of 40 => (3+1) x (1+1) = 4 x 2 = 8
Then, No. of factors of 120 that are divisible by 3 is 8.
e) No. of Factors divisible by 4:
120 = 4 x 30
Now, find No. of factors of 30.
30 => 2 x 3 x 5
So, no. of factors of 30 => (1+1) x (1+1) x (1+1) = 2 x 2 x 2 = 8
Then, No. of factors of 120 that are divisible by 4 is 8.
f) No. of Factors divisible by 5:
120 = 5 x 24
Now, find No. of factors of 24.
24 => 2^3 x 3
So, no. of factors of 24 => (3+1) x (1+1) = 4 x 2 = 8
Then, No. of factors of 120 that are divisible by 5 is 8.

g) No. of Factors divisible by 6:


120 = 6 x 20
Now, find No. of factors of 20.
20 => 2^2 x 5
So, no. of factors of 20 => (2+1) x (1+1) = 3 x 2 = 6
Then, No. of factors of 120 that are divisible by 6 is 6.
h) No. of Prime factors:
120 = 2^3 x 3 x 5
So, No. of Prime factors of 120 is 3 [and these are 2, 3 and5]
i) No. of Composite factors:
Total number of factors = 1 + (Prime factors) + (Composite Factors)
So, No. of Composite factors = No. of Total factor – (No. of prime factor + 1)
=> 16 – (3+1) = 12
So, No. of composite factors of 120 is 12.

j) Sum of all the factors:


120 = 2^3 x 3 x 5
Sum of all the factors => (2^0+2^1+2^2+2^3) x (3^0+3^1) x (5^0+5^1)
=> (1+2+4+8) x (1+3) x (1+5)
=> 15 x 4 x 6
=> 360
So, Sum of all the factors of 120 is 360.

k) Sum of Even factors:


120 = 2^3 x 3 x 5
Sum of all the Even factors => (2^1+2^2+2^3) x (3^0+3^1) x (5^0+5^1)
=> (2+4+8) x (1+3) x (1+5)
=> 14 x 4 x 6
=> 336
So, Sum of all the even factors of 120 is 336.

l) Sum of Odd factors:


120 = 2^3 x 3 x 5
Sum of all the Odd factors => (3^0+3^1) x (5^0+5^1)
=> (1+3) x (1+5)
=> 4 x 6
=> 24
So, Sum of all the Odd factors of 120 is 24.

m) Average of factors:
Average of factors = Sum of factors / No. of total factors
=> 360/16 = 22.5
So, Average of factors of 120 is 22.5

n) No. of ways 120 can be expressed as product of 2 integers:


120 = 2^3 x 3 x 5
So, no. of total factors = (3+1) x (1+1) x (1+1) = 4 x 2 x 2 = 16
Then, No. of ways to be expressed as product of 2 integers => 16/2 = 8

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