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Topics: Abstraction Encapsulation

The document discusses abstraction and encapsulation in object-oriented programming. It defines abstraction as representing essential features of interest without background details to manage complexity. Encapsulation is wrapping code and data together in a class, controlling access through public, private and protected. Examples show using abstraction through functions and encapsulation by grouping data and methods in a class capsule.

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Shubhankar Singh
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30 views5 pages

Topics: Abstraction Encapsulation

The document discusses abstraction and encapsulation in object-oriented programming. It defines abstraction as representing essential features of interest without background details to manage complexity. Encapsulation is wrapping code and data together in a class, controlling access through public, private and protected. Examples show using abstraction through functions and encapsulation by grouping data and methods in a class capsule.

Uploaded by

Shubhankar Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topics

• Abstraction
• Encapsulation

1 Object-Oriented Programming
Abstraction
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstraction_(software_engineering)

• Way of managing complexity by suppressing the complex


details
• Abstraction refers to the act of representing essential features
that are of interest of the users without including background
details or explanation.
• Users of a complex system are presented with a well defined
simple interface for its use
• Classes use the concept of abstraction for hiding unnecessary
implementation/algorithmic details of its methods.
• As user of any ‘class’ what you should be aware about that
class ?

2 Object-Oriented Programming
Abstraction: Simple Examples

• Suppose you have to compute the square root of a


‘double’ type number in a ‘C’ program. As a programmer
what You have to do.
o #include <math.h>
o Use sqrt() function
• What you will do if you have to compare two strings in a
‘C’ program
o #include <string.h>
o Use strcmp() function

3 Object-Oriented Programming
Encapsulation

• Encapsulation means wrapping/binding up of


data-part (state) and methods (operations , code)
together in the form of a capsule.
• Access to code (Methods) and data (instance
fields) is tightly controlled.
• Through Encapsulation, developer of a class can
decide what and what can not be accessible
outside a class. [ public , private , protected ]
• A class is a perfect example of an Encapsulation

4 Object-Oriented Programming
Encapsulation : Examples

Encapsulation keeps Data Part + Methods Methods

Operation Part of an object Data


together inside a capsule Methods Methods

class BOX
{
private double length;
private double width;
private double height; Class Capsule

public double area() { }


public double volume() { }
} // End of class BOX

5 Object-Oriented Programming

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