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Introduction To Simulation

Simulation is the imitation of a real-world process over time. Models can be used to answer "what if" questions about potential changes to a system without interrupting ongoing operations. Some advantages of simulation include exploring new policies and flows and understanding how a system operates. Key areas where simulation is applied include manufacturing, engineering, the military, supply chains, and transportation. Special training is required and results can be difficult to interpret, but it allows changes to be tested before implementation.

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16 views10 pages

Introduction To Simulation

Simulation is the imitation of a real-world process over time. Models can be used to answer "what if" questions about potential changes to a system without interrupting ongoing operations. Some advantages of simulation include exploring new policies and flows and understanding how a system operates. Key areas where simulation is applied include manufacturing, engineering, the military, supply chains, and transportation. Special training is required and results can be difficult to interpret, but it allows changes to be tested before implementation.

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Introduction to Simulation

Lecture 1
Definition

A simulation is the imitation of the operation of real-world


process or system over time.

Example:
Manufacturing company,
Goal of modeling and simulation

„ A model can be used to answer“ what


if” questions about real-world system.
 …Potential changes to the system can be simulated and
predicate their impact on the system.

„ It is better to do simulation before Implementation.


Advantages of simulation

 New policies ,and information flows and can be explored without


interrupting ongoing operation of the real system.

 It can help in understanding how the system operates.

“ What if” questions can be answered.


Disadvantages of simulation

Requires
„ special training.
…
„
Results can be difficult to interpret

„
Can be expensive.
Areas of application

Manufacturing

Engineering and project management

Military

Supply chain

Transportation and Traffic


 Computer Simulation
 CPU, Memory…,

Network simulation
…Internet, LAN (Router), Wireless
Systems and System Environment

„A system is collection of entities, e.g. people or


machines, that interact together to accomplish
some goals.
A
… factory: Machines, components parts and
workers operate together
„A system is often affected by changes occurring
outside the system: (system Environment)
Banks
… : arrival of customers
Components of system

„ Entity
Machines in factory
„ Attribute
…The property of an entity : speed, capacity
„ Activity
… A time period of specified length
„ State
…A collectionof variables that describe the system in any time :E.g.
status of machine )busy, idle, down, …(
„ Event
…An occurrence that change the state of the system
„ Endogenous
…Activities and events occurring with the system
„ Exogenous
…Activities and events occurring with the environment
Discrete and Continues Systems

A discrete system is one in which the state variables


change only at a discrete set of points in time : Ban
example k
Discrete and Continues Systems (cont.)

A continues system is one in which the state variables


change continuously over :time Head of water behind the
dam

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