Thermodynamics 1

1. In an experiment to determine the specific heat of copper, a piece of copper weighing 50 g is first
heated to 100 °C in steam. It is then immersed into water at 27°C. The water in the calorimeter
weighs 100 g and he inner aluminium cap weighs 50 g. if the final temperature is 30°C, what is
the specific of copper, specific heat of aluminium is 0.22 Cal/g-deg°C.

A. 0.88 Cal/g-deg-C
B. 0.077 Cal/g-deg-C
C. 0.66 Cal/g-deg-C
D. 0.095 Cal/g-deg-C

2. At STP the density of chlorine is 3.22 kg/m³. What is the weight of this gas is contained in a flask
of 100 cubic centimeters at 24°C and 100kPa?

A. 0.563 g
B. 0.420 g
C. 0.292 g
D. 0.321 g

3. How much work is necessary to compress air in an insulated cylinder from 0.20 m³ to 0.01 m³?
Use T1 = 20°C and P1 = 100kPa

A. 113.4 kJ
B. 110.1 kJ
C. 121.4 kJ
D. 115.7 kJ

4. A heat engine is operated between temperature limits of 1370°C and 260 °C. Engine is supplied
with 14,142 kJ/kwh. Find the Carnot cycle efficiency in percent.

A. 70.10
B. 67.56
C. 65.05
D. 69.32

5. A closed vessel contains air at a pressure of 160 kN/m 2 gauge and temperature of 30°C. The air
is heated at constant volume to 60°C with the atmospheric pressure at 750 mm HG. What is the
final gauge pressure?

A. 174
B. 167
C. 186
D. 172

6. What is the temperature in °C of 2 liters of water at 30°C after 500 calories of heat have been
added?

A. 35.70
B. 38
C. 30.25
 D. 39.75

7. A volume of 450 cm3 of air is measured at a pressure of 740 mm Hg absolute and a temperature
of 20°C. What is the volume in cm3 at 760 mm Hg absolute and 0°C?

A. 516.12
B. 620.76
C. 408.25
D. 375.85

8. Assuming compression is according to the law PV= constant. Calculate the initial volume of 6 m 3
when it is compressed to a pressure of 42 bar.

A. 126 m3
B. 130 m3
C. 120 m3
D. 136 m3

9. A steam condenser receives 10 kg per second of steam with an enthalpy of 2.570 kJ/kg. Steam
condenses into liquid and leaves with an enthalpy of 160 kJ/kg. Cooling water passes through the
condenser with temperature increases from 13°C to 24°C. Calculate the cooling water flow rate in
kg/s.

A. 533
B. 523
C. 518
D. 528

10. Ammonia weighing 22 kg is confined inside a cylinder equipped with a piston has an initial
pressure and temperature of 413 kPa at 38°C. If 2900 kJ of heat is added to the ammonia until its
pressure and temperature are 413 kPa and 100°C, respectively. What is the amount of work done
by the fluid in kJ? ( Note: Molecular Weight of NH3 = 17 )

A. 667
B. 420
C. 304
D. 502

11. The maximum thermal efficiency possible for a power cycle operating between 1200°F and 224°F
is:

A. 58 %
B. 57.54%
C. 58.73%
D. 57.40%

12. Compute the gas constant of mixture of 10 kg of oxygen and 20 kg of nitrogen per kg of the
mixture?

A. 0.3467 kJ/kg.K
B. 0.4572 kJ/kg.K
C. 0.2845 kJ/kg.K
 D. 0.2578 kJ/kg.k
13. A tire contains 100 in3 of air of 80°F, and a pressure of 1 atmosphere. It is connected to a pump
of capacity 103. If the pump pressure becomes 17.64 psia after one stroke, at what pressure
(psia) must the tire valve open considering that the pump and tire temperature remains constant?

A. 29.4 psia
B. 30.7 psia
C. 24.5 psia
D. 27.5 psia

14. A 30 kg iron was put in a container with water. The water is at 10°C and the iron has an initial
temperature of 493 K, until the iron was in thermal equilibrium with the water. Find the change in
entropy.

A. – 12.56 kJ/K
B. – 42.58 kJ/K
C. – 25.78 kJ/K
D. – 6.6 kJ/K

15. Twenty grams of oxygen gas (O 2) are compressed at constant temperature of 30°C to 5% its
original volume. Find the work done on the system?

A. 944 Cal
B. 1124 Cal
C. 924 Cal
D. 1144 Cal

16. A device produce 37.5 joules per cycle. There is one power stroke per cycle. Calculate the power
output if the device is run at 45 rpm?

A. 4.60 W
B. 28.125 W
C. 27.56 W
D. 14.063 W

17. Five moles of water vapour at 100°C and 1 atmosphere pressure are compressed isobarically to
form liquid at 100°C. The process is reversible and the ideal gas laws apply. Compute the work,
in joules, done on the system. Note: R= 0.0821 L-atm/mol. °R, uf = 0.00104 m3/kg, MH2O = 18.016
kg/mol.

A. 10.5 MJ
B. 15 kJ
C. 6 MJ
D. 6 kJ

18. A piston and cylinder arrangement contains saturated water vapour at 110°C. The vapour is
compressed in a reversible, adiabatic process until the pressure is 1.6 Mpa. What is the work
done by the system per kilogram of water? (Note: at 110°C, s1 = 7.2387 kJ/kg.K, U1 = 2518.1
kJ/kg abd at 1.6 Mpa, s2 = 6.2374 kJ/kg.K, U2 = 2950.1 kJ/kg)

A. – 330 kJ/kg
B. – 6337 kJ/kg
 C. – 509 kJ/kg
D. – 432 kJ/kg

19. When 0/6g of liquid is completely evaporated and collected in a liter manometer, the pressure is
0.25 atm and the temperature is 27°C. Assume ideal gas behaviour, fund the molecular weight if
the gas constant is R = 0.0821 atm/mole.K.

A. 49.2 g/mole
B. 12.3 g/mole
C. 2.2 g/mole
D. 64.0 g/mole

20. For and ideal gas, what is the specific molar entropy change during an isothermal process in
which the pressure change from 200 kPa to 150 kPa?

A. 2.39 J/mole.K
B. 2.79 J/mole.K
C. 2.00 J/mole.K
D. 3.12 J/mole.K

21. A gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a weighted piston as the top boundary. The gas is heated and
expands from a volume of 0/04 m3 to o.12 m3 at a constant pressure of 200 kPa. Find the work
done on the system.

A. 6 kJ
B. 10 kJ
C. 14 MJ
D. 12 kJ

22. In the process where the product of pressure and volume is constant, a gas compression is
carried out from and initial pressure of 200 kPa to a final pressure of 800 kPa. Considering that
the initial specific volume is 0.10 m3/kg, determine the work done per kilogram of gas.

A. – 27.7 kJ/kg
B. – 32.4 kJ/kg
C. – 40.7 kJ/kg
D. – 43.56 kJ/kg

23. A steady state device has the following conditions of the working substance at the entrance:
pressure equals 100 psia and density is 62.4 lb m/ft3. If 10 000 ft3/min of this fluid enters the
system, determine the exit velocity if the exit area is 2 ft 2.

A. 5000 ft/min
B. 4500 ft/min
C. 3000 ft/min
D. 4000 ft/min

24. The steam flow of an steam turbine is 50,000 lb/hr with steam specific volume of 0.831 ft 3/lbm.
The inlet and the outlet diameters are 6 in. and 8 in. respectively. If the specific volume of the
steam at the outlet is 1.825 ft3/lb, determine the exit velocity.

A. 72.6 ft/s
 B. 87.6 ft/s
C. 65.9 ft/s
D. 88.7 ft/s

25. The steam flow of an steam turbine is 10 4 kg/hr with steam specific volume of 0.05 m 3/kg. The
inlet and the outlet diameters are 100mm and 200mm respectively. If the specific volume of the
steam at the outlet is 0.10 m3/kg, determine the exit velocity.

A. 8.84 m/s
B. 9.87 m/s
C. 4.54 m/s
D. 7.54 m/s

26. Compute the pressure ratio (P1/P2) of nitrogen that is expanded isentropically from 620°F to 60°F.

A. 14.5
B. 12.9
C. 11.5
D. 15.4

27. Nitrogen is isentropically expanded from 620°F to 60 °F with volumetric ration (V 2/V1) equal to
6.22. If the value of the gas constant (R) is 0.0787 Btu/lb m-°R, compute the work done by the gas.

A. 67.87 Btu/lbm
B. 87.57 Btu/lbm
C. 99.22 Btu/lbm
D. 54.67 Btu/lbm

28. Helium is compressed isothermaly from 14.7 psi and 68°F. The compression ratio is 4. Determine
the change in entropy of the gas is the gas constant is 0.4961 Btu/lb m-°R.

A. – 0.787 Btu/lbm°R
B. – 0.867 Btu/lbm°R
C. – 0.689 Btu/lbm°R
D. – 1.76 Btu/lbm°R

29. A Carnot engine operates between 800°R and 1000°R. What is its thermal efficiency?

A. 20%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 50%

30. What is the efficiency of an Otto cycle with a compression ratio of 6:1. The gas is air.

A. 0.512
B. 0.867
C. 0.456
D. 0.765

31. Ethyl alcohol vaporizes at 78°C, what is the change in entropy if 0.25 kg vaporizes at its boiling
point considering that the latent heat of vaporization (L v) is 1.0x105 J/kg.
 A. 85 J/K
B. 45 J/K
C. 71 J/K
D. 95 J/K

32. An ideal gas (at STP, standard temperature and pressure) occupies a volume of 22.4 liters. While
absorbing heat from the surroundings, the gas isobarically expands to 32.4 liters. What is the
change in the internal energy of the gas?

A. 1.52 kJ
B. 2.53 kJ
C. 4.45 kJ
D. 0.75 kJ

33. A small gasoline-powered engine leaf blower removes heat energy from a high temperature
reservoir and exhaust 700 J to a low-temperature reservoir. What is its engine’s thermal
efficiency?

A. 51.5%
B. 16.8%
C. 12.5%
D. 24.5%

34. The thermal efficiency of a Carnot engine is 40% when it is supplied with heat from a reservoir at
727°C. Find the temperature of the reservoir.

A. 327°C
B. 457°C
C. 300°C
D. 567°C

35. The volumetric flow rate of standard air is 120 m 3/s at drybulb temperature of 18°C. Compute the
standard air volume considering that standard air pressure is 101.325 kPa and standard air
temperature at 21.11°C.

A. 121.3 m3/s
B. 200.4 m3/s
C. 304.5 m3/s
D. 405.7 m3/s

36. A gaseous mixture has a dew point temperature of 15°C. The total pressure is 143.27 kPa.
Determine the amount of water vapour present in a 100 moles of mixture if the saturation
pressure at 15°C is 1.7051 kPa.

A. 3.20 moles
B. 1.19 moles
C. 3.10 moles
D. 2.10 moles

37. A sealed tank contains oxygen at 27°C at a pressure of 2 atm. If the temperature increases to
100°C, what will be pressure inside the tank?
 A. 5.22 atm
B. 2.49 atm
C. 3.29 atm
D. 4.57 atm

38. The pressure of the nitrogen has thermometer is 78 cm at 0°C. What is the temperature of a
liquid in which the bulb of the thermometer is immersed when the pressure is seen to be 87.7
cm?

A. 34°C
B. 45°C
C. 40°C
D. 50°C

39. A 20 liter sample of gas exerts a pressure of 1 atm at 25°C. It is allowed to expand into a 40 liter
vessel that is held constant at 100°C, compute the final pressure?

A. 0.54 atm
B. 0.47 atm
C. 0.63 atm
D. 0.87 atm

40. What is horsepower is required to isothermally compressed 800 ft 3 of air per minute from 14.7
psia to 120 psia?

A. 200 Hp
B. 190 Hp
C. 203 Hp
D. 108 Hp

41. A building has to be maintained at 18°C at all times. A heat pump is required for this when the
temperature outside the building drops to -6°C, the building losses heat at the rate of 120,000
kJ/kg. What is the least power required to drive the heat pump.

A. 2.75 kW
B. 3.89 kW
C. 5.42 kW
D. 4.45 kW

42. A heat engine is operated between temperature limits of 1370°C and 260°C. Engine supplied with
14,142 kJ per kwh. What is the carnot efficiency?

A. 75.45%
B. 87.32%
C. 67.56%
D. 54.45%

43. Two pounds of air initially at 60 psia and 600°F expands isentropically until the temperature is
200°F. Compute the work done by the gas.

A. 127 Btu
 B. 145 Btu
C. 345 Btu
D. 137 Btu
44. A carnot machine operates between a hot reservoir at 200°C and a cold reservoir at 20°C. When
operated as an engine, it receives 1000 kJ/kg, find the coefficient of Performance (COP), when
operated as refrigerator.

A. 1.77
B. 1.63
C. 1.81
D. 1.99

45. A 2 lb of 200°F iron (Cp = 0.10 Btu/lb-°F) are dropped into a gallon of 40°F water. What is the final
temperature of the mixture?

A. 43.74°F
B. 33.77°F
C. 34.47°F
D. 53.77°F

46. Helium (R = 0.4968 BTU/lb-°R) is compressed isothermally from 14.7 psia and 68°F. The
compression ratio is 4. Calculate the work done by the gas in BTU/lbm?

A. – 564
B. – 576
C. – 355
D. – 364

47. A 0.064 kg of octane vapour (MW = 114) is mixed with 0.91 kg of air (MW = 29.0) in the manifold
of an engine. The total pressure in the manifold is 86.1 kPa, and a temperature is 290 K. Assume
octane behaves ideally. What is the partial pressure of the air in the mixture in kPa?

A. 46.8
B. 48.6
C. 84.6
D. 64.8

48. A piston-cylinder system contains a gas which expands under a constant pressure of 1200 lbf/ft 2.
If the piston is displaced 12 in. during the process, and the piston diameter is 24 in., what is the
work done in ft-lb by the gas on the piston?

A. 6857
B. 1234
C. 3768
D. 7894

49. An ideal gas is 45 psig and 80°F is heated in a closed container to 130°F. What is the final
pressure?

A. 54 psia
B. 75 psia
C. 65 psia
 D. 43 psia

50. A large mining company was provided with a 3000 cm 3 of compressed air tank. Air pressure in
the tank drops from 700 kPa to 180 kPa while the temperature remains unchanged at 28°C. What
percentage has the mass of air in the tank been reduced?

A. 74
B. 76
C. 72
D. 78

51. Determine the amount of air in a room whose dimensions are 4 m x 5 m x 6m at 100 kPa and
25°C.

A. 190.7 kg
B. 140.3 kg
C. 240.5 kg
D. 345.7 kg

52. A frictionless piston-cylinder device contains 10 lbm of water vapour at 60psia and 320°F. The
temperature reaches 400°F when heat is added to the system. Determine the work done by the
stream considering the mass in constant and the specific volumes of water are 7.485 ft 3/lbm and
8.353 ft3/lbm ( @ 320°F and 60 psia ) respectively.

A. 96.4 Btu
B. 80.7 Btu
C. 94.5 Btu
D. 100.7 Btu

53. A piston-cylinder device initially contains 0.4 m3 of air 100 kPa and 80°C. Determine the work
done if the air is compressed isothermall up to 0.1 m3/

A. – 55.45 kJ
B. – 90.7 kJ
C. – 130.4 kJ
D. – 75.7 kJ

54. A rigid tank contains hot fluid that is cooled while being stirred by a paddle wheel. The internal
energy of fluid is 800 kJ and loses 500 kJ of heat during cooling process with the paddle work of
100 kJ applied on the fluid. Neglecting the energy stored paddle wheel, determine the final
internal energy of the fluid.

A. 430 kJ
B. 340 kJ
C. 400 kJ
D. 500 kJ

55. An insulated rigid tank contains helium of 1.5 lb m at 80°F and 50 psia. A paddle wheel with a
power rating of 0.20 hp is operated within the tank for 30 min. Determine the final temperature of
the specific heat at constant volume is 0.753 Btu/lb m°F. (Note: 1 hp = 2545 Btu/hr)

A. 102.5°F
 B. 200.5°F
C. 170.7°F
D. 140.3°F
56. A 2.53 kJ of heat is absorbed by an ideal gas that occupies a volume of 22.4 liters at STP. If the
gas expands isobarically to 32.4 liters. Compute the change in the internal energy of the gas?

A. 1.52 kJ
B. 2.34 kJ
C. 4.53 kJ
D. 5.47 kJ

57. An ethyl alcohol vaporizes at its boiling point of 78°C with a latent heat of vaporization 100 kJ/kg.
Determine the change in entropy.

A. 47 kJ/K
B. 71 kJ/K
C. 87 kJ/K
D. 80 kJ/K

58. An air conditioner extracts 100 J of heat from the interior of the house for every 40 J of electric
energy required to operate it. Determine the coefficient of performance.

A. 2.5
B. 3.5
C. 4.5
D. 1.5

59. An engineer is to design cyclic heat engine that operates between 150°C and 27°C. If the engine
is design to do work of 100 J per 500 J of input work per cycle compute the relative efficiency of
the engine.

A. 29.1%
B. 68.7%
C. 72.7%
D. 34.4%

60. A cylinder is fitted with a piston that contains 0.10 mol of air at a temperature of 20°C. Find the
work done if the piston is slowly pushed so that the air within the cylinder remains essentially in
thermal equilibrium with the surroundings until the volume reaches ½ to its initial volume.

A. 243 Joules
B. 169 Joules
C. 435 Joules
D. 134 Joules

61. How much is heat needed to double the pressure of one-half mole of helium gas confined in a
rigid container if initially the gas is standard pressure and temperature? Note: Helium cv = 3.10
kJ/kg.K, M = 4 kg/mol

A. 1693 kJ
B. 1786 kJ
C. 1985 kJ
 D. 3457 kJ

62. When 0.05 m3 of air at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure) is isothermally compressed to
0.010 m3, compute the amount of heat flow from the gas?

A. – 8.154 kJ
B. – 7.564 kJ
C. – 6.578 kJ
D. – 5.786 kJ

63. An ideal gas is compressed adiabatically to one-fourth its original volume. During the process 70
joules of work is done on the gas by the compressing heat. How much is the change in internal
energy?

A. 70 J
B. 17.5 J
C. 280 J
D. 35 J

64. Find the change in internal energy of a system that absorbs 500 kJ of heat and at the same time
does 400 kJ of work.

A. 900 kJ
B. 450 kJ
C. 100 kJ
D. No work is done on the system

65. How much heat was removed from a cubic meter of helium at STP when cooled at constant
pressure to a final volume of 0.75 m3? (Note: MWhelium = 4 kg/kmol and Cv = 3.10 kJ.kg.k)

A. – 63.20 kJ
B. – 78.88 kJ
C. – 45.98 kJ
D. – 67.87 kJ

66. An ideal gas is 45 psig and 80°F is heated in a closed container to 130°F. What is the final
pressure?

A. 84 psia
B. 75 psia
C. 65 psia
D. 53 psia

67. How much work is necessary to compress air in an insulated cylinder from 0.20 m 3 to 0.01 m3
with initial temperature of 20°C and pressure of 100 kPa.

A. 243.4 kJ
B. 150.1 kJ
C. 131.4 kJ
D. 115.7 kJ
68. What is the specific heat of the sample of wood when ten Kcal of heat is added to it temperature
was found to rise from 20°C to 44°C?

A. 0.42 kcal/kg°C
B. 0.76 kcal/kg°C
C. 0.56 kcal/kg°C
D. 0.67 kcal/kg°C

69. Three lb of water at 100°F is added to 5 lb of water at 40°F. What is the final temperature of the
mixture?

A. 62.5°F
B. 67.5°F
C. 60.7°F
D. 64.3°F

70. How much heat is required to raise 5 kg of water from 25°C to 55°C?

A. 670 kJ
B. 630 kJ
C. 640 kJ
D. 856 kJ

71. How many calories of heat are required by 100 gms of ice at -5°C to change to steam at 120°C?

A. 73,210 Cal
B. 76,303 Cal
C. 86,407 Cal
D. 88,567 Cal

72. The condition called standard temperature and pressure (STP) for a gas is defined to be a
temperature of 0°C (273 K) and a pressure of 1 atm (101.325 kpa). How big is the container
needed to keep a mole of ideal gas as STP?

A. 34.5 liters
B. 45.7 liters
C. 22.4 liters
D. 27.5 liters

73. A mixture of air and gasoline is compressed in the cylinder of an automobile engine before
ignited. Most of the automobile engines have a compression ratio of 9 to 1, this means that the
gas in cylinder is compressed 1/9 of its original volume. Find the final temperature of the
atmospheric air at 27°C if after compression the pressure was fount to be 21.7 atm?

A. 450°C
B. 540°C
C. 700°C
D. 470°C

74. A nitrogen tank has a pressure of 1.75 x 10 7 Pa at 20°C. Find the volume of the tank if it occupies
a 30 m3 at 1 atm and 20 °C.
 A. 0.167 m3
B. 0.173 m3
C. 0.345 m3
D. 0.567 m3

75. A tire is inflated to gage pressure of 2 atm. The tire’s temperature increases from 20°C to 45°C
the moment the car moves with the simultaneous increase in the tire’s volume by 5%. Compute
the gauge pressure of the tire at the higher temperature?

A. 2.7 atm
B. 3.1 atm
C. 2.1 atm
D. 4.3 atm

76. A rigid cylinder contains 3 ft3 of air at a gage pressure of 200 psi. What volume would this amount
of air occupy at sea-level pressure?

A. 83.42 m3
B. 43.82 m3
C. 54.76 m3
D. 74.67 m3

77. The density of air at 0°C and 1 atm pressure is 1.293 kg.m 3. What is its density at a pressure of 2
atm and 100°C?

A. 2.317 kg/m3
B. 1.893 kg/m3
C. 1.786 kg/m3
D. 1.546 kg/m3

78. An engineer designed an engine that has an efficiency of 25% and will absorb heat at a
temperature of 267°C. Compute the temperature at the exhaust considering that this is an ideal
engine.

A. 132°C
B. 145°C
C. 157°C
D. 174°C

79. A metal cylinder with rigid walls contains 3 moles of oxygen gas. The gas is heated until the
pressure doubles. Calculate the work done by the gas.

A. 2.5 J
B. 3.0 J
C. 4.4 J
D. 0

80. The engine of a Mercedes – Benz automobile has an intake air of 20°C and compresses it
adiabatically up to 10% of its initial volume. Considering the air as an ideal gas, find its final
temperature at the end of the compression.

A. 736 K
 B. 768 K
C. 878 K
D. 787 K

81. A gasoline engine in a bus takes in 10 kJ of heat and delivers 2 kJ of mechanical work per cycle.
Compute the efficiency of the engine if the heat is obtained by burning gasoline with a heating
value of 50000 kJ/kg.

A. 20%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 17%

82. A Diesel engine has a compression ratio of 15:1, that is; the air in the cylinder is compressed to
1/15 of its initial volume. Find the final pressure after compressing an atmospheric air of
temperature 27°C.

A. 44 atm
B. 47 atm
C. 40 atm
D. 41 atm

83. A comfortable bedroom contains approximately 2500 moles of air. If air is treated as an ideal gas
with k equal to 1.4, compute the change in internal energy when it is isobarically cooled from
23.9°C to 11.6°C.

A. – 639.3 kJ
B. – 540.7 kJ
C. – 430.5 kJ
D. – 740.4 kJ

84. To what temperature must a gas initially at 0°C and atmospheric pressure be heated if its volume
it to double while its pressure remains constant.

A. 273°C
B. 540°C
C. 400°C
D. 576°C

85. Compute the internal energy of ice at 0°C as it is change to water at same temperature.

A. 1.76 kJ
B. 1.67 kJ
C. 3.44 kJ
D. 5.40 kJ

86. A motor is used to stir a 5 kg water at 0.4 Hp. Assuming that there was no losses and all the work
went into heating, how long will it take to increase the temperature of water by 6 C°?

A. 7 minutes
B. 5 minutes
C. 10 minutes
 D. 12 minutes

87. By how many joules does internal energy of 50 grams of water change as it is heated from 21°C
to 45°C considering that its specific heat is 4.187 kJ/kg.K.
A. 5.024 kJ
B. 3.084 kJ
C. 7.034 kJ
D. 4.056 kJ

88. A 6 cm cube made of iron heated frim 30°C to 300°C. What is the internal energy of this 1700
grams iron considering that its coefficient of thermal expansion is 3.6 x 10 -5 per C° and specific
heat of 0.11 cal/g.°C.

A. 218 kJ
B. 300 kJ
C. 250 kJ
D. 400 kJ

89. Find the specific heat (at constant pressure) of nitrogen gas with a molecular mass of 28 kg/kmol
and specific heat at constant volume of 740 J/kg.K.

A. 1070 J/kg.K
B. 1040 J/kg.K
C. 2709 J/kg.K
D. 1540 J/kg.K

90. Compute the maximum possible efficiency of an engine operating between temperatures of
100°C and 752°F.

A. 45%
B. 35%
C. 70%
D. 65%

91. A steam engine operating between boiler temperature of 220°C and a condenser temperature of
35°C. The engine delivers 8 hp and the of efficiency 30% as of the carnot engine. What is the
actual efficiency of the engine?

A. 11.3%
B. 45.7%
C. 20.4%
D. 40.3%

92. A steam engine operating between boiler temperature of 250°C and a condenser temperature of
37°C. The engine delivers 10 hp and the of efficiency 35% as of the carnot engine. How many
calories are absorbed by the boiler per second?

A. 12.5 kcal/s
B. 45.7 kcal/s
C. 20.4 kcal/s
D. 40.3 kcal/s
93. What fraction of the observed heat of vaporization of one kilogram of steam at 100°C and
101.325 kPa if it occupies a 1.68 m3 volume?

A. 0.075
B. 0.087
C. 0.044
D. 0.034

94. Find the increase in internal energy of nitrogen gas if its temperature rises from 10°C to 130°C
considering that the process is isobaric and the specific heats at constant volume & pressure are
0.177 and 0.248 Cal/g. °C respectively?

A. 443 kJ
B. 345 kJ
C. 474 kJ
D. 543 kJ

95. A 60 kg person consumes 2500 Cal of food in one day (Note: 1 Cal = 1000 cal). If the entire heat
equivalent at this food were retained by the person’s body, how large a temperature change
would it cause if the specific heat of the body is 0.83 cal/g°C?

A. 40°C
B. 50°C
C. 35°C
D. 20°C

96. Compute the amount of heat that is given up when 20 kg of steam to 100°C is condensed and
cooled to 20°C?

A. – 12,400 cal
B. – 13,400 cal
C. – 15,300 cal
D. – 11,500 cal

97. A 3.0 g bullet of specific heat 0.0305 cal/g°C (128 J/kg°C) is moving at 180 m/s and enters a bag
of sand then stops. If all the kinetic energy is converted into heat, by what amount is the increase
in temperature of the bullet?

A. 43°C
B. 67°C
C. 127°C
D. 76°C

98. An electric heater warms a large block of ice at a rater of 200 joules per second. Calculate how
much is the mass of ice that is melt in 10 minutes?

A. 0.36 kg
B. 0.54 kg
C. 0.76 kg
D. 0.45 kg
99. The new astrodome to be constructed will hold 76,791 people witch the volume of air coming in a
1 x 106 m3. If all the seats in the done are occupied and each person transfers a metabolic
thermal energy to the air in the dome at the rate of 100 watts, calculate the increase in
temperature of the air in 2 hours assuming that no heat leaves the air through the wall, floors and
ceiling of the dome. Note: the density of air is 1.3 kg/m3 and specific heat of J/k°C?
A. 14°C
B. 24°C
C. 43°C
D. 34°C

100. What is the volume of an 8 g helium of gas with a temperature of 15°C, a pressure of 480
mmHg and the molecular mass of 4 kg/kmol?

A. 75 liters
B. 80 liters
C. 90 liters
D. 100 liters