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    Almondale Social Studies 5th Grade Lesson 11

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    Fabiola Montes
    Diego de Almagro led the first Spanish expedition to Chile in 1535 following the conquest of the Inca Empire, but it failed to find gold or silver and encountered resistance from the Mapuche people, forcing Almagro to return to Peru. Pedro de Valdivia then led a second expedition in 1540 along a different route, founding the city of Santiago in 1541 at the Mapocho River valley where there was water and good land. Valdivia continued expanding the Spanish conquest further south to find gold and native workers for the mines.

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    Almondale Social Studies 5th Grade Lesson 11

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    Fabiola Montes
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    Diego de Almagro led the first Spanish expedition to Chile in 1535 following the conquest of the Inca Empire, but it failed to find gold or silver and encountered resistance from the Mapuche people, forcing Almagro to return to Peru. Pedro de Valdivia then led a second expedition in 1540 along a different route, founding the city of Santiago in 1541 at the Mapocho River valley where there was water and good land. Valdivia continued expanding the Spanish conquest further south to find gold and native workers for the mines.

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    Diego de Almagro led the first Spanish expedition to Chile in 1535 following the conquest of the Inca Empire, but it failed to find gold or silver and encountered resistance from the Mapuche people, forcing Almagro to return to Peru. Pedro de Valdivia then led a second expedition in 1540 along a different route, founding the city of Santiago in 1541 at the Mapocho River valley where there was water and good land. Valdivia continued expanding the Spanish conquest further south to find gold and native workers for the mines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views18 pages

    Almondale Social Studies 5th Grade Lesson 11

    Uploaded by

    Fabiola Montes
    Diego de Almagro led the first Spanish expedition to Chile in 1535 following the conquest of the Inca Empire, but it failed to find gold or silver and encountered resistance from the Mapuche people, forcing Almagro to return to Peru. Pedro de Valdivia then led a second expedition in 1540 along a different route, founding the city of Santiago in 1541 at the Mapocho River valley where there was water and good land. Valdivia continued expanding the Spanish conquest further south to find gold and native workers for the mines.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 18

    Almondale

    Social Studies

    5th Grade

    Lesson 11
    ❖ Identify and explain characteristics of the Conquest of Chile.
    Key words
    Settle: to make a place your
    permanent home.

    Mapuche resistance: Mapuche


    people defended their territory in
    battles against Spaniards.
    foundation: the act
    of starting a new city.

    Yanaconas: They
    were Inca slaves.
    Activity 1
    Do you remember American landscapes?
    Look at the pictures and unscramble the words.

    TNAMOUIN GENAR MOUNTAIN RANGE

    CLICK
    HERE TO
    CHECK

    NAPLI PLAIN

    UATEPAL PLATEAU
    Here are some Chilean Native Peoples.
    Do you remember any other group?
    Diego de Almagro’s expedition
    to Chile
    Diego de Almagro organized an expedition to
    Chile. He left from Cuzco in 1535 with 300
    soldiers and native servants called
    yanaconas.

    They carried weapons, food, clothing and


    tools.

    After the Inca Empire was conquered,


    the conquistadors started exploring south Almagro took the route of the Bolivian
    of Peru. They were looking for silver plateau and the Andes Mountains.

    and gold.
    Extreme weather killed many
    members of this expedition.

    Finally, in 1536 they arrived at


    Copiapo Valley, then continued south
    and arrived at Aconcagua Valley.
    Almagro sent some men to explore the Central zone but they
    didn’t find any precious metals. Instead they found Mapuche
    Resistance and near the Itata River, they fought the Battle of
    Reinohuelen.

    After this battle, Almagro decided to go back to Peru because …


    • they didn’t find any precious metals, and
    • the resistance of the Mapuche people.

    This time, he made the journey along the Atacama Desert.

    Watch this VIDEO (up to minute 4:00) as a summary

    Have some fun with a song in this VIDEO


    Activity 2. Open your workbook on page 5. Answer the questions.

    1. When and Where did the expedition start?

    2. What was the route from Peru to Chile?

    3. What were the conditions of the journey?

    4. What was the route back?

    5. Why did the expedition fail?

    Extra: 6. Which part of the journey do you think was the


    most difficult for Almagro?

    We will check your answers in our Online Session!


    Pedro de Valdivia’s expedition
    to Chile
    Valdivia left from Cuzco with 150
    Pedro de Valdivia Spaniards, Ines de Suarez was one of
    started his expedition in them, and 500 yanaconas.
    January, 1540.

    Valdivia travelled along the Atacama


    Desert reaching the valley of the Mapocho
    River on February 12th, 1541. Here, he
    founded Santiago.

    The area was perfect for settling because


    there was water, wood, land good for
    agriculture and good weather conditions.
    He wanted honour and glory

    to found(ed): to establish or organize something (fundar)


    to settle (ing): to establish in residence
    yanaconas: native people from Peru
    Activity 3 Any questions?
    Answer the questions in your notebook. Post them on the Tablón in
    Google Classroom or ask them in
    our Online Session.
    1. When and where did the expedition start?

    2. What route did Pedro de Valdivia follow?

    3. Why do you think Valdivia chose a different route than Almagro?

    4. Why did Valdivia decide to found the city of Santiago?

    We will check your answers in our Online Session!


    Foundation of cities
    Pedro de Valdivia founded the city of Santiago de la Nueva Extremadura to
    live in a safe place and also to plan his expansion to the rest of the country.

    Actually, Pedro de Valdivia explored and conquered territories north and south
    of Santiago. He founded cities like
    ❖ Valparaiso, as the main port,
    ❖ La Serena, to facilitate communication with Peru
    ❖ Concepción

    One of his main goals was to continue to the far south and reach the Strait of
    Magellan.
    Why did Pedro de Valdivia continue expanding the conquest to the south of
    Chile?

    ❖ He needed to find gold.


    ❖ He needed more natives to work in the mines.
    ❖ He needed to conquer new territories in the name of the Spanish Crown.
    Assignment Lesson 11
    Look at the pictures. Listen and read the information about Santiago in the 16th century and nowadays.

    Santiago was founded strategically where it is today. Cerro Santa Lucía (1) gave
    This is a picture of today’s main square in
    the Spanish protection. The Mapocho River (2) provided water as well as the
    Santiago. The main cities in our country still
    Stream of San Francisco (3). The organization of the city was like a chessboard.
    have the organization of the conquest period.
    The square (4) was in the middle. Around it you could find important buildings
    For example, the cathedral and some important
    such as the Cathedral or official institutions. In the outskirts of town (5 and 6)
    buildings are usually around the main square.
    you could find the poorest people. In these lands you could find agricultural
    activities.

    You may review this information on pages 12 and 13 in your 2nd Term Social Studies
    Workbook.
    Answer.
    1. Describe three (3) characteristics of the city of Santiago in the 16th century.
    2. What elements from the past can you still see in the present?
    3. Identify and explain one difference between Santiago in the past and in the present.

    Upload your answers on Google Classroom


    Using Google Docs.

    Any questions?
    Post them on the Tablón in Google Classroom or
    ask them in our Online Session.

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